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Implement operator class parameters

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PostgreSQL provides set of template index access methods, where opclasses have
much freedom in the semantics of indexing.  These index AMs are GiST, GIN,
SP-GiST and BRIN.  There opclasses define representation of keys, operations on
them and supported search strategies.  So, it's natural that opclasses may be
faced some tradeoffs, which require user-side decision.  This commit implements
opclass parameters allowing users to set some values, which tell opclass how to
index the particular dataset.

This commit doesn't introduce new storage in system catalog.  Instead it uses
pg_attribute.attoptions, which is used for table column storage options but
unused for index attributes.

In order to evade changing signature of each opclass support function, we
implement unified way to pass options to opclass support functions.  Options
are set to fn_expr as the constant bytea expression.  It's possible due to the
fact that opclass support functions are executed outside of expressions, so
fn_expr is unused for them.

This commit comes with some examples of opclass options usage.  We parametrize
signature length in GiST.  That applies to multiple opclasses: tsvector_ops,
gist__intbig_ops, gist_ltree_ops, gist__ltree_ops, gist_trgm_ops and
gist_hstore_ops.  Also we parametrize maximum number of integer ranges for
gist__int_ops.  However, the main future usage of this feature is expected
to be json, where users would be able to specify which way to index particular
json parts.

Catversion is bumped.

Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/d22c3a18-31c7-1879-fc11-4c1ce2f5e5af%40postgrespro.ru
Author: Nikita Glukhov, revised by me
Reviwed-by: Nikolay Shaplov, Robert Haas, Tom Lane, Tomas Vondra, Alvaro Herrera
This commit is contained in:
Alexander Korotkov
2020-03-30 19:17:11 +03:00
parent 1d53432ff9
commit 911e702077
108 changed files with 4086 additions and 924 deletions
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22
src/backend/catalog/index.c
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@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
#include "access/amapi.h"
#include "access/heapam.h"
#include "access/multixact.h"
#include "access/reloptions.h"
#include "access/relscan.h"
#include "access/sysattr.h"
#include "access/tableam.h"
@@ -105,7 +106,8 @@ static TupleDesc ConstructTupleDescriptor(Relation heapRelation,
Oid *classObjectId);
static void InitializeAttributeOids(Relation indexRelation,
int numatts, Oid indexoid);
static void AppendAttributeTuples(Relation indexRelation, int numatts);
static void AppendAttributeTuples(Relation indexRelation, int numatts,
Datum *attopts);
static void UpdateIndexRelation(Oid indexoid, Oid heapoid,
Oid parentIndexId,
IndexInfo *indexInfo,
@@ -484,7 +486,7 @@ InitializeAttributeOids(Relation indexRelation,
* ----------------------------------------------------------------
*/
static void
AppendAttributeTuples(Relation indexRelation, int numatts)
AppendAttributeTuples(Relation indexRelation, int numatts, Datum *attopts)
{
Relation pg_attribute;
CatalogIndexState indstate;
@@ -506,10 +508,11 @@ AppendAttributeTuples(Relation indexRelation, int numatts)
for (i = 0; i < numatts; i++)
{
Form_pg_attribute attr = TupleDescAttr(indexTupDesc, i);
Datum attoptions = attopts ? attopts[i] : (Datum) 0;
Assert(attr->attnum == i + 1);
InsertPgAttributeTuple(pg_attribute, attr, indstate);
InsertPgAttributeTuple(pg_attribute, attr, attoptions, indstate);
}
CatalogCloseIndexes(indstate);
@@ -589,6 +592,7 @@ UpdateIndexRelation(Oid indexoid,
else
predDatum = (Datum) 0;
/*
* open the system catalog index relation
*/
@@ -976,7 +980,8 @@ index_create(Relation heapRelation,
/*
* append ATTRIBUTE tuples for the index
*/
AppendAttributeTuples(indexRelation, indexInfo->ii_NumIndexAttrs);
AppendAttributeTuples(indexRelation, indexInfo->ii_NumIndexAttrs,
indexInfo->ii_OpclassOptions);
/* ----------------
* update pg_index
@@ -1189,6 +1194,13 @@ index_create(Relation heapRelation,
indexRelation->rd_index->indnkeyatts = indexInfo->ii_NumIndexKeyAttrs;
/* Validate opclass-specific options */
if (indexInfo->ii_OpclassOptions)
for (i = 0; i < indexInfo->ii_NumIndexKeyAttrs; i++)
(void) index_opclass_options(indexRelation, i + 1,
indexInfo->ii_OpclassOptions[i],
true);
/*
* If this is bootstrap (initdb) time, then we don't actually fill in the
* index yet. We'll be creating more indexes and classes later, so we
@@ -2336,6 +2348,8 @@ BuildIndexInfo(Relation index)
&ii->ii_ExclusionStrats);
}
ii->ii_OpclassOptions = RelationGetIndexRawAttOptions(index);
return ii;
}