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Implement multivariate n-distinct coefficients

Add support for explicitly declared statistic objects (CREATE
STATISTICS), allowing collection of statistics on more complex
combinations that individual table columns.  Companion commands DROP
STATISTICS and ALTER STATISTICS ... OWNER TO / SET SCHEMA / RENAME are
added too.  All this DDL has been designed so that more statistic types
can be added later on, such as multivariate most-common-values and
multivariate histograms between columns of a single table, leaving room
for permitting columns on multiple tables, too, as well as expressions.

This commit only adds support for collection of n-distinct coefficient
on user-specified sets of columns in a single table.  This is useful to
estimate number of distinct groups in GROUP BY and DISTINCT clauses;
estimation errors there can cause over-allocation of memory in hashed
aggregates, for instance, so it's a worthwhile problem to solve.  A new
special pseudo-type pg_ndistinct is used.

(num-distinct estimation was deemed sufficiently useful by itself that
this is worthwhile even if no further statistic types are added
immediately; so much so that another version of essentially the same
functionality was submitted by Kyotaro Horiguchi:
https://postgr.es/m/20150828.173334.114731693.horiguchi.kyotaro@lab.ntt.co.jp
though this commit does not use that code.)

Author: Tomas Vondra.  Some code rework by Álvaro.
Reviewed-by: Dean Rasheed, David Rowley, Kyotaro Horiguchi, Jeff Janes,
    Ideriha Takeshi
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/543AFA15.4080608@fuzzy.cz
    https://postgr.es/m/20170320190220.ixlaueanxegqd5gr@alvherre.pgsql
This commit is contained in:
Alvaro Herrera
2017-03-24 14:06:10 -03:00
parent f120b614e0
commit 7b504eb282
77 changed files with 3599 additions and 63 deletions

View File

@ -29,6 +29,7 @@
#include "catalog/heap.h"
#include "catalog/partition.h"
#include "catalog/pg_am.h"
#include "catalog/pg_statistic_ext.h"
#include "foreign/fdwapi.h"
#include "miscadmin.h"
#include "nodes/makefuncs.h"
@ -40,8 +41,11 @@
#include "parser/parse_relation.h"
#include "parser/parsetree.h"
#include "rewrite/rewriteManip.h"
#include "statistics/statistics.h"
#include "storage/bufmgr.h"
#include "utils/builtins.h"
#include "utils/lsyscache.h"
#include "utils/syscache.h"
#include "utils/rel.h"
#include "utils/snapmgr.h"
@ -63,7 +67,7 @@ static List *get_relation_constraints(PlannerInfo *root,
bool include_notnull);
static List *build_index_tlist(PlannerInfo *root, IndexOptInfo *index,
Relation heapRelation);
static List *get_relation_statistics(RelOptInfo *rel, Relation relation);
/*
* get_relation_info -
@ -398,6 +402,8 @@ get_relation_info(PlannerInfo *root, Oid relationObjectId, bool inhparent,
rel->indexlist = indexinfos;
rel->statlist = get_relation_statistics(rel, relation);
/* Grab foreign-table info using the relcache, while we have it */
if (relation->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_FOREIGN_TABLE)
{
@ -1251,6 +1257,65 @@ get_relation_constraints(PlannerInfo *root,
return result;
}
/*
* get_relation_statistics
* Retrieve extended statistics defined on the table.
*
* Returns a List (possibly empty) of StatisticExtInfo objects describing
* the statistics. Note that this doesn't load the actual statistics data,
* just the identifying metadata. Only stats actually built are considered.
*/
static List *
get_relation_statistics(RelOptInfo *rel, Relation relation)
{
List *statoidlist;
List *stainfos = NIL;
ListCell *l;
statoidlist = RelationGetStatExtList(relation);
foreach(l, statoidlist)
{
Oid statOid = lfirst_oid(l);
Form_pg_statistic_ext staForm;
HeapTuple htup;
Bitmapset *keys = NULL;
int i;
htup = SearchSysCache1(STATEXTOID, ObjectIdGetDatum(statOid));
if (!htup)
elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for statistics %u", statOid);
staForm = (Form_pg_statistic_ext) GETSTRUCT(htup);
/*
* First, build the array of columns covered. This is ultimately
* wasted if no stats are actually built, but it doesn't seem worth
* troubling over that case.
*/
for (i = 0; i < staForm->stakeys.dim1; i++)
keys = bms_add_member(keys, staForm->stakeys.values[i]);
/* add one StatisticExtInfo for each kind built */
if (statext_is_kind_built(htup, STATS_EXT_NDISTINCT))
{
StatisticExtInfo *info = makeNode(StatisticExtInfo);
info->statOid = statOid;
info->rel = rel;
info->kind = STATS_EXT_NDISTINCT;
info->keys = bms_copy(keys);
stainfos = lcons(info, stainfos);
}
ReleaseSysCache(htup);
bms_free(keys);
}
list_free(statoidlist);
return stainfos;
}
/*
* relation_excluded_by_constraints