Add decoding of sequences to built-in replication

This commit adds support for decoding of sequences to the built-in
replication (the infrastructure was added by commit 0da92dc530).

The syntax and behavior mostly mimics handling of tables, i.e. a
publication may be defined as FOR ALL SEQUENCES (replicating all
sequences in a database), FOR ALL SEQUENCES IN SCHEMA (replicating
all sequences in a particular schema) or individual sequences.

To publish sequence modifications, the publication has to include
'sequence' action. The protocol is extended with a new message,
describing sequence increments.

A new system view pg_publication_sequences lists all the sequences
added to a publication, both directly and indirectly. Various psql
commands (\d and \dRp) are improved to also display publications
including a given sequence, or sequences included in a publication.

Author: Tomas Vondra, Cary Huang
Reviewed-by: Peter Eisentraut, Amit Kapila, Hannu Krosing, Andres
             Freund, Petr Jelinek
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/d045f3c2-6cfb-06d3-5540-e63c320df8bc@enterprisedb.com
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/1710ed7e13b.cd7177461430746.3372264562543607781@highgo.ca

doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_publication.sgml

@@ -31,7 +31,9 @@ ALTER PUBLICATION <replaceable class="parameter">name</replaceable> RENAME TO <r
 <phrase>where <replaceable class="parameter">publication_object</replaceable> is one of:</phrase>
 
     TABLE [ ONLY ] <replaceable class="parameter">table_name</replaceable> [ * ] [ WHERE ( <replaceable class="parameter">expression</replaceable> ) ] [, ... ]
+    SEQUENCE <replaceable class="parameter">sequence_name</replaceable> [, ... ]
     ALL TABLES IN SCHEMA { <replaceable class="parameter">schema_name</replaceable> | CURRENT_SCHEMA } [, ... ]
+    ALL SEQUENCES IN SCHEMA { <replaceable class="parameter">schema_name</replaceable> | CURRENT_SCHEMA } [, ... ]
 </synopsis>
  </refsynopsisdiv>
 
@@ -44,13 +46,13 @@ ALTER PUBLICATION <replaceable class="parameter">name</replaceable> RENAME TO <r
   </para>
 
   <para>
-   The first three variants change which tables/schemas are part of the
-   publication.  The <literal>SET</literal> clause will replace the list of
-   tables/schemas in the publication with the specified list; the existing
-   tables/schemas that were present in the publication will be removed.  The
-   <literal>ADD</literal> and <literal>DROP</literal> clauses will add and
-   remove one or more tables/schemas from the publication.  Note that adding
-   tables/schemas to a publication that is already subscribed to will require an
+   The first three variants change which objects (tables, sequences or schemas)
+   are part of the publication.  The <literal>SET</literal> clause will replace
+   the list of objects in the publication with the specified list; the existing
+   objects that were present in the publication will be removed.
+   The <literal>ADD</literal> and <literal>DROP</literal> clauses will add and
+   remove one or more objects from the publication.  Note that adding objects
+   to a publication that is already subscribed to will require an
    <literal>ALTER SUBSCRIPTION ... REFRESH PUBLICATION</literal> action on the
    subscribing side in order to become effective. Note also that the combination
    of <literal>DROP</literal> with a <literal>WHERE</literal> clause is not
@@ -122,6 +124,15 @@ ALTER PUBLICATION <replaceable class="parameter">name</replaceable> RENAME TO <r
     </listitem>
    </varlistentry>
 
+   <varlistentry>
+    <term><replaceable class="parameter">sequence_name</replaceable></term>
+    <listitem>
+     <para>
+      Name of an existing sequence.
+     </para>
+    </listitem>
+   </varlistentry>
+
    <varlistentry>
     <term><replaceable class="parameter">schema_name</replaceable></term>
     <listitem>

doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_subscription.sgml

@@ -148,8 +148,8 @@ ALTER SUBSCRIPTION <replaceable class="parameter">name</replaceable> RENAME TO <
     <listitem>
      <para>
       Fetch missing table information from publisher.  This will start
-      replication of tables that were added to the subscribed-to publications
-      since <command>CREATE SUBSCRIPTION</command> or
+      replication of tables and sequences that were added to the subscribed-to
+       publications since <command>CREATE SUBSCRIPTION</command> or
       the last invocation of <command>REFRESH PUBLICATION</command>.
      </para>
 
@@ -167,8 +167,8 @@ ALTER SUBSCRIPTION <replaceable class="parameter">name</replaceable> RENAME TO <
           The default is <literal>true</literal>.
          </para>
          <para>
-          Previously subscribed tables are not copied, even if a table's row
-          filter <literal>WHERE</literal> clause has since been modified.
+          Previously subscribed tables and sequences are not copied, even if a
+          table's row filter <literal>WHERE</literal> clause has since been modified.
          </para>
         </listitem>
        </varlistentry>

doc/src/sgml/ref/create_publication.sgml

@@ -22,14 +22,21 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  <refsynopsisdiv>
 <synopsis>
 CREATE PUBLICATION <replaceable class="parameter">name</replaceable>
-    [ FOR ALL TABLES
+    [ FOR ALL <replaceable class="parameter">object_type</replaceable> [, ...]
       | FOR <replaceable class="parameter">publication_object</replaceable> [, ... ] ]
     [ WITH ( <replaceable class="parameter">publication_parameter</replaceable> [= <replaceable class="parameter">value</replaceable>] [, ... ] ) ]
 
+<phrase>where <replaceable class="parameter">object type</replaceable> is one of:</phrase>
+
+    TABLES
+    SEQUENCES
+
 <phrase>where <replaceable class="parameter">publication_object</replaceable> is one of:</phrase>
 
     TABLE [ ONLY ] <replaceable class="parameter">table_name</replaceable> [ * ] [ WHERE ( <replaceable class="parameter">expression</replaceable> ) ] [, ... ]
+    SEQUENCE <replaceable class="parameter">sequence_name</replaceable> [ * ] [, ... ]
     ALL TABLES IN SCHEMA { <replaceable class="parameter">schema_name</replaceable> | CURRENT_SCHEMA } [, ... ]
+    ALL SEQUENCES IN SCHEMA { <replaceable class="parameter">schema_name</replaceable> | CURRENT_SCHEMA } [, ... ]
 </synopsis>
  </refsynopsisdiv>
 
@@ -108,26 +115,42 @@ CREATE PUBLICATION <replaceable class="parameter">name</replaceable>
    </varlistentry>
 
    <varlistentry>
-    <term><literal>FOR ALL TABLES</literal></term>
+    <term><literal>FOR SEQUENCE</literal></term>
     <listitem>
      <para>
-      Marks the publication as one that replicates changes for all tables in
-      the database, including tables created in the future.
+      Specifies a list of sequences to add to the publication.
+     </para>
+
+     <para>
+      Specifying a sequence that is part of a schema specified by <literal>FOR
+      ALL SEQUENCES IN SCHEMA</literal> is not supported.
+     </para>
+    </listitem>
+   </varlistentry>
+
+   <varlistentry>
+    <term><literal>FOR ALL TABLES</literal></term>
+    <term><literal>FOR ALL SEQUENCES</literal></term>
+    <listitem>
+     <para>
+      Marks the publication as one that replicates changes for all tables/sequences in
+      the database, including tables/sequences created in the future.
      </para>
     </listitem>
    </varlistentry>
 
    <varlistentry>
     <term><literal>FOR ALL TABLES IN SCHEMA</literal></term>
+    <term><literal>FOR ALL SEQUENCES IN SCHEMA</literal></term>
     <listitem>
      <para>
-      Marks the publication as one that replicates changes for all tables in
-      the specified list of schemas, including tables created in the future.
+      Marks the publication as one that replicates changes for all sequences/tables in
+      the specified list of schemas, including sequences/tables created in the future.
      </para>
 
      <para>
-      Specifying a schema along with a table which belongs to the specified
-      schema using <literal>FOR TABLE</literal> is not supported.
+      Specifying a schema along with a sequence/table which belongs to the specified
+      schema using <literal>FOR SEQUENCE</literal>/<literal>FOR TABLE</literal> is not supported.
      </para>
 
      <para>
@@ -202,10 +225,9 @@ CREATE PUBLICATION <replaceable class="parameter">name</replaceable>
   <title>Notes</title>
 
   <para>
-   If <literal>FOR TABLE</literal>, <literal>FOR ALL TABLES</literal> or
-   <literal>FOR ALL TABLES IN SCHEMA</literal> are not specified, then the
-   publication starts out with an empty set of tables.  That is useful if
-   tables or schemas are to be added later.
+   If <literal>FOR TABLE</literal>, <literal>FOR SEQUENCE</literal>, etc. is
+   not specified, then the publication starts out with an empty set of tables
+   and sequences.  That is useful if objects are to be added later.
   </para>
 
   <para>
@@ -220,10 +242,9 @@ CREATE PUBLICATION <replaceable class="parameter">name</replaceable>
   </para>
 
   <para>
-   To add a table to a publication, the invoking user must have ownership
-   rights on the table.  The <command>FOR ALL TABLES</command> and
-   <command>FOR ALL TABLES IN SCHEMA</command> clauses require the invoking
-   user to be a superuser.
+   To add a table or a sequence to a publication, the invoking user must
+   have ownership rights on the object.  The <command>FOR ALL ...</command>
+   clauses require the invoking user to be a superuser.
   </para>
 
   <para>