Remove pg_authid's TOAST table.

pg_authid's only varlena column is rolpassword, which unfortunately
cannot be de-TOASTed during authentication because we haven't
selected a database yet and cannot read pg_class.  By removing
pg_authid's TOAST table, attempts to set password hashes that
require out-of-line storage will fail with a "row is too big"
error instead.  We may want to provide a more user-friendly error
in the future, but for now let's just remove the useless TOAST
table.

Bumps catversion.

Reported-by: Alexander Lakhin
Reviewed-by: Tom Lane, Michael Paquier
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/89e8649c-eb74-db25-7945-6d6b23992394%40gmail.com

src/backend/catalog/catalog.c

@@ -300,9 +300,7 @@ IsSharedRelation(Oid relationId)
 		relationId == TablespaceOidIndexId)
 		return true;
 	/* These are their toast tables and toast indexes */
-	if (relationId == PgAuthidToastTable ||
+	if (relationId == PgDatabaseToastTable ||
-		relationId == PgAuthidToastIndex ||
-		relationId == PgDatabaseToastTable ||
 		relationId == PgDatabaseToastIndex ||
 		relationId == PgDbRoleSettingToastTable ||
 		relationId == PgDbRoleSettingToastIndex ||

src/include/catalog/catversion.h

@@ -57,6 +57,6 @@
  */
 
 /*							yyyymmddN */
-#define CATALOG_VERSION_NO	202409182
+#define CATALOG_VERSION_NO	202409211
 
 #endif

src/include/catalog/pg_authid.h

@@ -55,8 +55,6 @@ CATALOG(pg_authid,1260,AuthIdRelationId) BKI_SHARED_RELATION BKI_ROWTYPE_OID(284
  */
 typedef FormData_pg_authid *Form_pg_authid;
 
-DECLARE_TOAST_WITH_MACRO(pg_authid, 4175, 4176, PgAuthidToastTable, PgAuthidToastIndex);
-
 DECLARE_UNIQUE_INDEX(pg_authid_rolname_index, 2676, AuthIdRolnameIndexId, pg_authid, btree(rolname name_ops));
 DECLARE_UNIQUE_INDEX_PKEY(pg_authid_oid_index, 2677, AuthIdOidIndexId, pg_authid, btree(oid oid_ops));
 

src/test/regress/expected/create_index.out

@@ -2664,10 +2664,10 @@ REINDEX TABLE CONCURRENTLY pg_class; -- no catalog relation
 ERROR:  cannot reindex system catalogs concurrently
 REINDEX INDEX CONCURRENTLY pg_class_oid_index; -- no catalog index
 ERROR:  cannot reindex system catalogs concurrently
--- These are the toast table and index of pg_authid.
+-- These are the toast table and index of pg_database.
-REINDEX TABLE CONCURRENTLY pg_toast.pg_toast_1260; -- no catalog toast table
+REINDEX TABLE CONCURRENTLY pg_toast.pg_toast_1262; -- no catalog toast table
 ERROR:  cannot reindex system catalogs concurrently
-REINDEX INDEX CONCURRENTLY pg_toast.pg_toast_1260_index; -- no catalog toast index
+REINDEX INDEX CONCURRENTLY pg_toast.pg_toast_1262_index; -- no catalog toast index
 ERROR:  cannot reindex system catalogs concurrently
 REINDEX SYSTEM CONCURRENTLY postgres; -- not allowed for SYSTEM
 ERROR:  cannot reindex system catalogs concurrently
@@ -2974,10 +2974,10 @@ ERROR:  must be owner of schema schema_to_reindex
 RESET ROLE;
 GRANT USAGE ON SCHEMA pg_toast TO regress_reindexuser;
 SET SESSION ROLE regress_reindexuser;
-REINDEX TABLE pg_toast.pg_toast_1260;
+REINDEX TABLE pg_toast.pg_toast_1262;
-ERROR:  permission denied for table pg_toast_1260
+ERROR:  permission denied for table pg_toast_1262
-REINDEX INDEX pg_toast.pg_toast_1260_index;
+REINDEX INDEX pg_toast.pg_toast_1262_index;
-ERROR:  permission denied for index pg_toast_1260_index
+ERROR:  permission denied for index pg_toast_1262_index
 -- Clean up
 RESET ROLE;
 REVOKE USAGE ON SCHEMA pg_toast FROM regress_reindexuser;

src/test/regress/expected/misc_sanity.out

@@ -40,6 +40,8 @@ WHERE refclassid = 0 OR refobjid = 0 OR
 -- 2. pg_largeobject and pg_largeobject_metadata.  Large object catalogs
 -- and toast tables are mutually exclusive and large object data is handled
 -- as user data by pg_upgrade, which would cause failures.
+-- 3. pg_authid, since its toast table cannot be accessed when it would be
+-- needed, i.e., during authentication before we've selected a database.
 SELECT relname, attname, atttypid::regtype
 FROM pg_class c JOIN pg_attribute a ON c.oid = attrelid
 WHERE c.oid < 16384 AND
@@ -53,12 +55,13 @@ ORDER BY 1, 2;
  pg_attribute            | attfdwoptions | text[]
  pg_attribute            | attmissingval | anyarray
  pg_attribute            | attoptions    | text[]
+ pg_authid               | rolpassword   | text
  pg_class                | relacl        | aclitem[]
  pg_class                | reloptions    | text[]
  pg_class                | relpartbound  | pg_node_tree
  pg_largeobject          | data          | bytea
  pg_largeobject_metadata | lomacl        | aclitem[]
-(9 rows)
+(10 rows)
 
 -- system catalogs without primary keys
 --

src/test/regress/expected/tablespace.out

@@ -51,13 +51,13 @@ ERROR:  cannot move system relation "pg_authid_rolname_index"
 REINDEX (TABLESPACE regress_tblspace) TABLE CONCURRENTLY pg_authid;
 ERROR:  cannot reindex system catalogs concurrently
 -- toast relations, fail
-REINDEX (TABLESPACE regress_tblspace) INDEX pg_toast.pg_toast_1260_index;
+REINDEX (TABLESPACE regress_tblspace) INDEX pg_toast.pg_toast_1262_index;
-ERROR:  cannot move system relation "pg_toast_1260_index"
+ERROR:  cannot move system relation "pg_toast_1262_index"
-REINDEX (TABLESPACE regress_tblspace) INDEX CONCURRENTLY pg_toast.pg_toast_1260_index;
+REINDEX (TABLESPACE regress_tblspace) INDEX CONCURRENTLY pg_toast.pg_toast_1262_index;
 ERROR:  cannot reindex system catalogs concurrently
-REINDEX (TABLESPACE regress_tblspace) TABLE pg_toast.pg_toast_1260;
+REINDEX (TABLESPACE regress_tblspace) TABLE pg_toast.pg_toast_1262;
-ERROR:  cannot move system relation "pg_toast_1260_index"
+ERROR:  cannot move system relation "pg_toast_1262_index"
-REINDEX (TABLESPACE regress_tblspace) TABLE CONCURRENTLY pg_toast.pg_toast_1260;
+REINDEX (TABLESPACE regress_tblspace) TABLE CONCURRENTLY pg_toast.pg_toast_1262;
 ERROR:  cannot reindex system catalogs concurrently
 -- system catalog, fail
 REINDEX (TABLESPACE pg_global) TABLE pg_authid;

src/test/regress/sql/create_index.sql

@@ -1126,9 +1126,9 @@ REINDEX TABLE CONCURRENTLY concur_reindex_tab;
 COMMIT;
 REINDEX TABLE CONCURRENTLY pg_class; -- no catalog relation
 REINDEX INDEX CONCURRENTLY pg_class_oid_index; -- no catalog index
--- These are the toast table and index of pg_authid.
+-- These are the toast table and index of pg_database.
-REINDEX TABLE CONCURRENTLY pg_toast.pg_toast_1260; -- no catalog toast table
+REINDEX TABLE CONCURRENTLY pg_toast.pg_toast_1262; -- no catalog toast table
-REINDEX INDEX CONCURRENTLY pg_toast.pg_toast_1260_index; -- no catalog toast index
+REINDEX INDEX CONCURRENTLY pg_toast.pg_toast_1262_index; -- no catalog toast index
 REINDEX SYSTEM CONCURRENTLY postgres; -- not allowed for SYSTEM
 REINDEX (CONCURRENTLY) SYSTEM postgres; -- ditto
 REINDEX (CONCURRENTLY) SYSTEM;  -- ditto
@@ -1305,8 +1305,8 @@ REINDEX SCHEMA schema_to_reindex;
 RESET ROLE;
 GRANT USAGE ON SCHEMA pg_toast TO regress_reindexuser;
 SET SESSION ROLE regress_reindexuser;
-REINDEX TABLE pg_toast.pg_toast_1260;
+REINDEX TABLE pg_toast.pg_toast_1262;
-REINDEX INDEX pg_toast.pg_toast_1260_index;
+REINDEX INDEX pg_toast.pg_toast_1262_index;
 
 -- Clean up
 RESET ROLE;

src/test/regress/sql/misc_sanity.sql

@@ -43,6 +43,8 @@ WHERE refclassid = 0 OR refobjid = 0 OR
 -- 2. pg_largeobject and pg_largeobject_metadata.  Large object catalogs
 -- and toast tables are mutually exclusive and large object data is handled
 -- as user data by pg_upgrade, which would cause failures.
+-- 3. pg_authid, since its toast table cannot be accessed when it would be
+-- needed, i.e., during authentication before we've selected a database.
 
 SELECT relname, attname, atttypid::regtype
 FROM pg_class c JOIN pg_attribute a ON c.oid = attrelid

src/test/regress/sql/tablespace.sql

@@ -40,10 +40,10 @@ REINDEX (TABLESPACE regress_tblspace) TABLE CONCURRENTLY pg_am;
 REINDEX (TABLESPACE regress_tblspace) TABLE pg_authid;
 REINDEX (TABLESPACE regress_tblspace) TABLE CONCURRENTLY pg_authid;
 -- toast relations, fail
-REINDEX (TABLESPACE regress_tblspace) INDEX pg_toast.pg_toast_1260_index;
+REINDEX (TABLESPACE regress_tblspace) INDEX pg_toast.pg_toast_1262_index;
-REINDEX (TABLESPACE regress_tblspace) INDEX CONCURRENTLY pg_toast.pg_toast_1260_index;
+REINDEX (TABLESPACE regress_tblspace) INDEX CONCURRENTLY pg_toast.pg_toast_1262_index;
-REINDEX (TABLESPACE regress_tblspace) TABLE pg_toast.pg_toast_1260;
+REINDEX (TABLESPACE regress_tblspace) TABLE pg_toast.pg_toast_1262;
-REINDEX (TABLESPACE regress_tblspace) TABLE CONCURRENTLY pg_toast.pg_toast_1260;
+REINDEX (TABLESPACE regress_tblspace) TABLE CONCURRENTLY pg_toast.pg_toast_1262;
 -- system catalog, fail
 REINDEX (TABLESPACE pg_global) TABLE pg_authid;
 REINDEX (TABLESPACE pg_global) TABLE CONCURRENTLY pg_authid;