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Prepare for 6.4.1.

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INSTALL
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@ -38,8 +38,8 @@ Table of Contents
Installation Installation
Operation Operation
5. Release Notes 5. Release Notes
Release 6.4 Release 6.4.1
Migration to v6.4 Migration to v6.4.1
Detailed Change List Detailed Change List
List of Tables List of Tables
@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ Chapter 1. Introduction
Chapter 2. Ports Chapter 2. Ports
This manual describes version 6.4 of Postgres. The This manual describes version 6.4.1 of Postgres. The
Postgres developer community has compiled and tested Postgres developer community has compiled and tested
Postgres on a number of platforms. Check the web site Postgres on a number of platforms. Check the web site
for the latest information. for the latest information.
@ -83,58 +83,58 @@ Currently Supported Platforms
Table 2-1. Supported Platforms Table 2-1. Supported Platforms
OS Processor Version Reported Remarks OS Processor Version Reported Remarks
AIX 4.2.1 RS6000 v6.4 1998-10-27 (Andreas Zeugswetter) AIX 4.2.1 RS6000 v6.4.1 1998-10-27 (Andreas Zeugswetter)
BSDI x86 v6.4 1998-10-25 (Bruce Momjian BSDI x86 v6.4.1 1998-10-25 (Bruce Momjian
FreeBSD x86 v6.4 1998-10-26 (Tatsuo Ishii, Marc FreeBSD x86 v6.4.1 1998-10-26 (Tatsuo Ishii, Marc
2.2.x-3.x Fournier) 2.2.x-3.x Fournier)
DGUX 5.4R4.11 m88k v6.3 1998-03-01 v6.4 probably OK. Needs DGUX 5.4R4.11 m88k v6.3 1998-03-01 v6.4.1 probably OK. Needs
new maintainer. (Brian E new maintainer. (Brian E
Gallew) Gallew)
Digital Unix Alpha v6.4 1998-10-29 Minor patchable problems Digital Unix Alpha v6.4.1 1998-10-29 Minor patchable problems
4.0 (Pedro J. Lobo) 4.0 (Pedro J. Lobo)
HPUX PA-RISC v6.4 1998-10-25 Both 9.0x and 10.20 HPUX PA-RISC v6.4.1 1998-10-25 Both 9.0x and 10.20
(Tom Lane, Stan Brown) (Tom Lane, Stan Brown)
IRIX 6.x MIPS v6.3 1998-03-01 5.x is different (Andrew IRIX 6.x MIPS v6.3 1998-03-01 5.x is different (Andrew
Martin) Martin)
linux 2.0.x Alpha v6.3.2 1998-04-16 Mostly successful. Needs linux 2.0.x Alpha v6.3.2 1998-04-16 Mostly successful. Needs
work for v6.4. (Ryan work for v6.4.1. (Ryan
Kirkpatrick) Kirkpatrick)
linux 2.0.x x86 v6.4 1998-10-27 (Thomas Lockhart) linux 2.0.x x86 v6.4.1 1998-10-27 (Thomas Lockhart)
linux x86 v6.4 1998-10-25 (Oliver Elphick, Taral) linux x86 v6.4.1 1998-10-25 (Oliver Elphick, Taral)
2.0.x/glibc2 2.0.x/glibc2
linux 2.0.x Sparc v6.4 1998-10-25 (Tom Szybist) linux 2.0.x Sparc v6.4.1 1998-10-25 (Tom Szybist)
linuxPPC PPC603e v6.4 1998-10-26 Powerbook 2400c (Tatsuo linuxPPC PPC603e v6.4.1 1998-10-26 Powerbook 2400c (Tatsuo
2.1.24 Ishii) 2.1.24 Ishii)
mklinux DR3 PPC750 v6.4 1998-09-16 PowerMac 7600 (Tatsuo mklinux DR3 PPC750 v6.4.1 1998-09-16 PowerMac 7600 (Tatsuo
Ishii) Ishii)
NetBSD/i386 x86 v6.4 1998-10-25 (Brook Milligan) NetBSD/i386 x86 v6.4.1 1998-10-25 (Brook Milligan)
1.3.2 1.3.2
NetBSD- NS32532 v6.4 1998-10-27 (small problems in NetBSD- NS32532 v6.4.1 1998-10-27 (small problems in
current date/time math current date/time math
(Jon Buller) (Jon Buller)
NetBSD/sparc Sparc v6.4 1998-10-27 (Tom I Helbekkmo) NetBSD/sparc Sparc v6.4.1 1998-10-27 (Tom I Helbekkmo)
1.3H 1.3H
NetBSD 1.3 VAX v6.3 1998-03-01 (Tom I Helbekkmo) NetBSD 1.3 VAX v6.3 1998-03-01 (Tom I Helbekkmo)
SCO UnixWare x86 v6.3 1998-03-01 aka UNIVEL (Billy G. SCO UnixWare x86 v6.3 1998-03-01 aka UNIVEL (Billy G.
2.x Allie) 2.x Allie)
SCO UnixWare x86 v6.4 1998-10-04 (Billy G. Allie) SCO UnixWare x86 v6.4.1 1998-10-04 (Billy G. Allie)
7 7
Solaris x86 v6.4 1998-10-28 (Marc Fournier) Solaris x86 v6.4.1 1998-10-28 (Marc Fournier)
Solaris Sparc v6.4 1998-10-28 (Tom Szybist, Frank Solaris Sparc v6.4.1 1998-10-28 (Tom Szybist, Frank
2.6-2.7 Ridderbusch) 2.6-2.7 Ridderbusch)
SunOS 4.1.4 Sparc v6.3 1998-03-01 patches submitted (Tatsuo SunOS 4.1.4 Sparc v6.3 1998-03-01 patches submitted (Tatsuo
Ishii) Ishii)
SVR4 MIPS v6.4 1998-10-28 no 64-bit int support SVR4 MIPS v6.4.1 1998-10-28 no 64-bit int support
(Frank Ridderbusch) (Frank Ridderbusch)
SVR4 4.4 m88k v6.2.1 1998-03-01 confirmed with patching SVR4 4.4 m88k v6.2.1 1998-03-01 confirmed with patching
(Doug Winterburn) (Doug Winterburn)
Windows NT x86 v6.4 1998-10-08 Mostly working with the Windows NT x86 v6.4.1 1998-10-08 Mostly working with the
Cygwin library. No DLLs Cygwin library. No DLLs
yet. (Horak Daniel) yet. (Horak Daniel)
Platforms listed for v6.3.x should also work with Platforms listed for v6.3.x should also work with
v6.4, but we did not receive confirmation of such at v6.4.1, but we did not receive confirmation of such at
the time this list was compiled. the time this list was compiled.
Note: For Windows NT, the server-side port of Note: For Windows NT, the server-side port of
@ -174,7 +174,7 @@ Unsupported Platforms
Chapter 3. Installation Chapter 3. Installation
Complete installation instructions for Postgres v6.4. Complete installation instructions for Postgres v6.4.1.
Before installing Postgres, you may wish to visit Before installing Postgres, you may wish to visit
www.postgresql.org for up to date information, www.postgresql.org for up to date information,
patches, etc. patches, etc.
@ -270,7 +270,7 @@ Installation Procedure
happen in this account. happen in this account.
4. Ftp file 4. Ftp file
ftp://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/postgresql-v6.4.tar.gz ftp://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/postgresql-v6.4.1.tar.gz
from the Internet. Store it in your home directory. from the Internet. Store it in your home directory.
5. Some platforms use flex. If your system uses flex 5. Some platforms use flex. If your system uses flex
@ -339,7 +339,7 @@ Installation Procedure
pull the most recent version of pg_dumpall from pull the most recent version of pg_dumpall from
the new distribution: the new distribution:
$ cd $ cd
$ gunzip -c postgresql-v6.4.tar.gz \ $ gunzip -c postgresql-v6.4.1.tar.gz \
| tar xvf - src/bin/pg_dump/pg_dumpall | tar xvf - src/bin/pg_dump/pg_dumpall
$ chmod a+x src/bin/pg_dump/pg_dumpall $ chmod a+x src/bin/pg_dump/pg_dumpall
$ src/bin/pg_dump/pg_dumpall -z > db.out $ src/bin/pg_dump/pg_dumpall -z > db.out
@ -435,7 +435,7 @@ Installation Procedure
$ exit $ exit
10. Unzip and untar the new source file. Type 10. Unzip and untar the new source file. Type
$ cd /usr/src/pgsql $ cd /usr/src/pgsql
$ gunzip -c ~/postgresql-v6.4.tar.gz | tar xvf - $ gunzip -c ~/postgresql-v6.4.1.tar.gz | tar xvf -
11. Configure the source code for your system. It 11. Configure the source code for your system. It
is this step at which you can specify your actual is this step at which you can specify your actual
installation path for the build process (see the installation path for the build process (see the
@ -760,7 +760,7 @@ Installation Procedure
it appears to be a significant issue. it appears to be a significant issue.
For example, For example,
o For a i686/Linux-ELF platform, no tests o For a i686/Linux-ELF platform, no tests
failed since this is the v6.4 regression failed since this is the v6.4.1 regression
testing reference platform. testing reference platform.
o For the SPARC/Linux-ELF platform, using the o For the SPARC/Linux-ELF platform, using the
970525 beta version of Postgres v6.2 the 970525 beta version of Postgres v6.2 the
@ -870,7 +870,7 @@ Installation Procedure
not get Postgres to work on you system. Please not get Postgres to work on you system. Please
send a mail message to pgsql-ports@postgresql.org send a mail message to pgsql-ports@postgresql.org
telling us the following: telling us the following:
o The version of Postgres (v6.4, 6.3.2, beta 981014, etc.). o The version of Postgres (v6.4.1, 6.3.2, beta 981014, etc.).
o Your operating system (i.e. RedHat v5.1 Linux v2.0.34). o Your operating system (i.e. RedHat v5.1 Linux v2.0.34).
o Your hardware (SPARC, i486, etc.). o Your hardware (SPARC, i486, etc.).
o Did you compile, install and run the regression o Did you compile, install and run the regression
@ -1296,7 +1296,7 @@ Operation
Chapter 5. Release Notes Chapter 5. Release Notes
Release 6.4 Release 6.4.1
There are many new features and improvements in this There are many new features and improvements in this
release. Thanks to our developers and maintainers, release. Thanks to our developers and maintainers,
@ -1337,11 +1337,14 @@ Release 6.4
has received some attention, and should be more has received some attention, and should be more
robust for more platforms than it has ever been. robust for more platforms than it has ever been.
Migration to v6.4 Migration to v6.4.1
A dump/restore is not required for those upgrading from 6.4.
A dump/restore using pg_dump or pg_dumpall is A dump/restore using pg_dump or pg_dumpall is
required for those wishing to migrate data from any required for those wishing to migrate data from pre-6.4
previous release of Postgres. releases of Postgres. pg_upgrade may be helpful for those
upgrading from 6.3.*.
Detailed Change List Detailed Change List

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README
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@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
PostgreSQL Data Base Management System (formerly known as Postgres, then PostgreSQL Data Base Management System (formerly known as Postgres, then
as Postgres95). as Postgres95).
This directory contains the version 6.4 release of the PostgreSQL This directory contains the version 6.4.1 release of the PostgreSQL
database server. The server is not ANSI SQL compliant, but it gets database server. The server is not ANSI SQL compliant, but it gets
closer with every release. After you unzip and untar the distribution closer with every release. After you unzip and untar the distribution
file, look at file INSTALL for the installation notes and file HISTORY file, look at file INSTALL for the installation notes and file HISTORY

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@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) for PostgreSQL Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) for PostgreSQL
Last updated: Sat Oct 24 00:12:23 EDT 1998 Last updated: Sat Dec 12 22:56:56 EST 1998
Current maintainer: Bruce Momjian (maillist@candle.pha.pa.us) Current maintainer: Bruce Momjian (maillist@candle.pha.pa.us)
@ -68,8 +68,7 @@
cursors? cursors?
3.5) What is an R-tree index and what is it used for? 3.5) What is an R-tree index and what is it used for?
3.6) What is the maximum size for a tuple? 3.6) What is the maximum size for a tuple?
3.7) I defined indices but my queries don't seem to make use of them. 3.7) My queries are slow or don't make use of the indexes. Why?
Why?
3.8) How do I do regular expression searches? case-insensitive regexp 3.8) How do I do regular expression searches? case-insensitive regexp
searching? searching?
3.9) I experienced a server crash during a vacuum. How do I remove the 3.9) I experienced a server crash during a vacuum. How do I remove the
@ -275,7 +274,7 @@ Section 1: General Questions
pg_upgrade utility. Those upgrading from earlier releases require a pg_upgrade utility. Those upgrading from earlier releases require a
dump and restore. dump and restore.
Those ugrading from versions earlier than 1.09 must upgrade to 1.09 Those upgrading from versions earlier than 1.09 must upgrade to 1.09
first without a dump/reload, then dump the data from 1.09, and then first without a dump/reload, then dump the data from 1.09, and then
load it into 6.4. load it into 6.4.
@ -306,14 +305,14 @@ Section 1: General Questions
PHP is great for simple stuff, but for more complex stuff, some still PHP is great for simple stuff, but for more complex stuff, some still
use the perl interface and CGI.pm. use the perl interface and CGI.pm.
An WWW gatway based on WDB using perl can be downloaded from An WWW gateway based on WDB using perl can be downloaded from
http://www.eol.ists.ca/~dunlop/wdb-p95 http://www.eol.ists.ca/~dunlop/wdb-p95
1.13) Does PostgreSQL have a graphical user interface? A report generator? A 1.13) Does PostgreSQL have a graphical user interface? A report generator? A
embedded query language interface? embedded query language interface?
We have a nice graphical user interface called pgaccess, which is We have a nice graphical user interface called pgaccess, which is
shipped as part of the distribtion. Pgaccess also has a report shipped as part of the distribution. Pgaccess also has a report
generator. generator.
The web page is http://www.flex.ro/pgaccess We also include ecpg, The web page is http://www.flex.ro/pgaccess We also include ecpg,
@ -433,7 +432,7 @@ Section 2: Installation Questions
You can also use the postgres -S option to increase the maximum amount You can also use the postgres -S option to increase the maximum amount
of memory used by each backend process for temporary sorts. Each of memory used by each backend process for temporary sorts. Each
buffer is 1K and the defualt is 512 buffers. buffer is 1K and the default is 512 buffers.
You can also use the cluster command to group data in base tables to You can also use the cluster command to group data in base tables to
match an index. See the cluster(l) manual page for more details. match an index. See the cluster(l) manual page for more details.
@ -471,7 +470,7 @@ Section 2: Installation Questions
operating system can attach to a running backend directly to diagnose operating system can attach to a running backend directly to diagnose
problems. problems.
The postgres program has a -s, -A, -t options that can be very usefull The postgres program has a -s, -A, -t options that can be very useful
for debugging and performance measurements. for debugging and performance measurements.
You can also compile with profiling to see what functions are taking You can also compile with profiling to see what functions are taking
@ -483,7 +482,7 @@ Section 2: Installation Questions
Edit include/storage/sinvaladt.h, and change the value of Edit include/storage/sinvaladt.h, and change the value of
MaxBackendId. In the future, we plan to make this a configurable MaxBackendId. In the future, we plan to make this a configurable
prameter. parameter.
2.14) What non-unix ports are available? 2.14) What non-unix ports are available?
@ -492,12 +491,16 @@ Section 2: Installation Questions
the client is running on MS Windows, and communicates via TCP/IP to a the client is running on MS Windows, and communicates via TCP/IP to a
server running on one of our supported Unix platforms. server running on one of our supported Unix platforms.
A file win32.mak is included in the distributiion for making a Win32 A file win32.mak is included in the distribution for making a Win32
libpq library and psql. libpq library and psql.
Someone is attempting to port our PostgreSQL database server to The database server is now working on Windows NT using the Cygnus
Windows NT using the Cygnus Unix/NT porting library. He has gotten it Unix/NT porting library. The only feature missing is dynamic loading
compiled, but initdb is currently failing. of user-defined functions/types. See
http://www.askesis.nl/AskesisPostgresIndex.html for more information.
There is another port using U/Win at
http://surya.wipro.com/uwin/ported.html.
_________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________
Section 3: PostgreSQL Features Section 3: PostgreSQL Features
@ -569,22 +572,28 @@ Section 3: PostgreSQL Features
Tuples do not cross 8k boundaries so a 5k tuple will require 8k of Tuples do not cross 8k boundaries so a 5k tuple will require 8k of
storage. storage.
3.7) I defined indices but my queries don't seem to make use of them. Why? 3.7) My queries are slow or don't make use of the indexes. Why?
PostgreSQL does not automatically maintain statistics. One has to make PostgreSQL does not automatically maintain statistics. One has to make
an explicit vacuum call to update the statistics. After statistics are an explicit vacuum call to update the statistics. After statistics are
updated, the optimizer knows how many rows in the table, and can updated, the optimizer knows how many rows in the table, and can
better decide if it should use indices. Note that the optimizer does better decide if it should use indices. Note that the optimizer does
not use indices in cases when the table is small because a sequentail not use indices in cases when the table is small because a sequential
scan would be faster. For column-specific optimization statistics, use scan would be faster.
vacuum analyze.
For column-specific optimization statistics, use vacuum analyze.
Vacuum analyze is important for complex multi-join queries, so the
optimizer can estimate the number of rows returned from each table,
and choose the proper join order. The backend does not keep track of
column statistics on its own, and vacuum analyze must be run to
collect them periodically.
Indexes are not used for order by operations. Indexes are not used for order by operations.
When using wildcard operators like LIKE or ~, indices can only be used When using wild-card operators like LIKE or ~, indices can only be
if the beginning of the search is anchored to the start of the string. used if the beginning of the search is anchored to the start of the
So, to use indices, LIKE searches can should not begin with %, and string. So, to use indices, LIKE searches can should not begin with %,
~(regular expression searches) should start with ^. and ~(regular expression searches) should start with ^.
3.8) How do I do regular expression searches? case-insensitive regexp 3.8) How do I do regular expression searches? case-insensitive regexp
searching? searching?
@ -681,9 +690,9 @@ BYTEA bytea variable-length array of bytes
CREATE TABLE new_table (mycol int); CREATE TABLE new_table (mycol int);
INSERT INTO new_table SELECT oid, mycol FROM old_table; INSERT INTO new_table SELECT oid, mycol FROM old_table;
Tids are used to indentify specific physical rows with block and Tids are used to identify specific physical rows with block and offset
offset values. Tids change after rows are modified or reloaded. They values. Tids change after rows are modified or reloaded. They are used
are used by index entries to point to physical rows. by index entries to point to physical rows.
3.18) What is the meaning of some of the terms used in PostgreSQL? 3.18) What is the meaning of some of the terms used in PostgreSQL?
@ -794,10 +803,8 @@ Section 4: Extending PostgreSQL
4.2) I get messages of the type NOTICE:PortalHeapMemoryFree: 0x402251d0 not 4.2) I get messages of the type NOTICE:PortalHeapMemoryFree: 0x402251d0 not
in alloc set! in alloc set!
You are pfree'ing something that was not palloc'ed. When writing You are pfree'ing something that was not palloc'ed. Beware of mixing
user-defined functions, do not include the file "libpq-fe.h". Doing so malloc/free and palloc/pfree.
will cause your palloc to be a malloc instead of a free. Then, when
the backend pfrees the storage, you get the notice message.
4.3) I've written some nifty new types and functions for PostgreSQL. 4.3) I've written some nifty new types and functions for PostgreSQL.

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@ -1,84 +1,66 @@
<html>
<head>
<title>PostgreSQL: Getting the source via CVS</title>
</head>
<body bgcolor=white text=black link=blue vlink=purple>
<font size="+3">Getting the source via CVS</font> Getting the source via CVS
<p>If you would like to keep up with the current sources on a regular If you would like to keep up with the current sources on a regular
basis, you can fetch them from our CVS server and then use CVS to basis, you can fetch them from our CVS server and then use CVS to
retrieve updates from time to time. retrieve updates from time to time.
<P>To do this you first need a local copy of CVS (Concurrent Version Control To do this you first need a local copy of CVS (Concurrent Version
System), which you can get from Control System), which you can get from http://www.cyclic.com/ or any
<A HREF="http://www.cyclic.com/">http://www.cyclic.com/</A> or GNU software archive site. Currently we recommend version 1.9.
any GNU software archive site. Currently we recommend version 1.9.
Once you have installed the CVS software, do this:
<P>Once you have installed the CVS software, do this:
<PRE>
cvs -d :pserver:anoncvs@postgresql.org:/usr/local/cvsroot login cvs -d :pserver:anoncvs@postgresql.org:/usr/local/cvsroot login
</PRE>
You will be prompted for a password; enter '<tt>postgresql</tt>'.
You should only need to do this once, since the password will be
saved in <tt>.cvspass</tt> in your home directory.
<P>Having logged in, you are ready to fetch the PostgreSQL sources. You will be prompted for a password; enter 'postgresql'. You should
Do this: only need to do this once, since the password will be saved in
<PRE> .cvspass in your home directory.
Having logged in, you are ready to fetch the PostgreSQL sources. Do
this:
cvs -z3 -d :pserver:anoncvs@postgresql.org:/usr/local/cvsroot co -P pgsql cvs -z3 -d :pserver:anoncvs@postgresql.org:/usr/local/cvsroot co -P pgsql
</PRE>
which will install the PostgreSQL sources into a subdirectory <tt>pgsql</tt>
of the directory you are currently in.
<P>(If you have a fast link to the Internet, you may not need <tt>-z3</tt>, which will install the PostgreSQL sources into a subdirectory pgsql of
which instructs CVS to use gzip compression for transferred data. But the directory you are currently in.
on a modem-speed link, it's a very substantial win.)
(If you have a fast link to the Internet, you may not need -z3, which
<P>This initial checkout is a little slower than simply downloading instructs CVS to use gzip compression for transferred data. But on a
a <tt>tar.gz</tt> file; expect it to take 40 minutes or so if you modem-speed link, it's a very substantial win.)
have a 28.8K modem. The advantage of CVS doesn't show up until you
want to update the file set later on. This initial checkout is a little slower than simply downloading a
tar.gz file; expect it to take 40 minutes or so if you have a 28.8K
<P>Whenever you want to update to the latest CVS sources, <tt>cd</tt> into modem. The advantage of CVS doesn't show up until you want to update
the <tt>pgsql</tt> subdirectory, and issue the file set later on.
<PRE>
Whenever you want to update to the latest CVS sources, cd into the
pgsql subdirectory, and issue
cvs -z3 update -d -P cvs -z3 update -d -P
</PRE>
This will fetch only the changes since the last time you updated.
You can update in just a couple of minutes, typically, even over
a modem-speed line.
<P>You can save yourself some typing by making a file <tt>.cvsrc</tt> This will fetch only the changes since the last time you updated. You
in your home directory that contains can update in just a couple of minutes, typically, even over a
modem-speed line.
<PRE>
You can save yourself some typing by making a file .cvsrc in your home
directory that contains
cvs -z3 cvs -z3
update -d -P update -d -P
</PRE>
This supplies the <tt>-z3</tt> option to all cvs commands, and the This supplies the -z3 option to all cvs commands, and the -d and -P
<tt>-d</tt> and <tt>-P</tt> options to cvs update. Then you just have options to cvs update. Then you just have to say
to say
<PRE>
cvs update cvs update
</PRE>
to update your files.
<P><strong>CAUTION:</strong> some versions of CVS have a bug that to update your files.
causes all checked-out files to be stored world-writable in your
directory. If you see that this has happened, you can do something like CAUTION: some versions of CVS have a bug that causes all checked-out
<PRE> files to be stored world-writable in your directory. If you see that
this has happened, you can do something like
chmod -R go-w pgsql chmod -R go-w pgsql
</PRE>
to set the permissions properly. This bug is allegedly fixed in the
latest beta version of CVS, 1.9.28 ... but it may have other, less
predictable bugs.
<P>CVS can do a lot of other things, such as fetching prior revisions to set the permissions properly. This bug is allegedly fixed in the
of the PostgreSQL sources rather than the latest development version. latest beta version of CVS, 1.9.28 ... but it may have other, less
For more info consult the manual that comes with CVS, or see the online predictable bugs.
documentation at <A HREF="http://www.cyclic.com/">http://www.cyclic.com/</A>.
CVS can do a lot of other things, such as fetching prior revisions of
</body> the PostgreSQL sources rather than the latest development version. For
</html> more info consult the manual that comes with CVS, or see the online
documentation at http://www.cyclic.com/.

4
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@ -197,7 +197,7 @@ s
} NameData; } NameData;
typedef NameData *Name; typedef NameData *Name;
Table, column, type, function, and view names that come in to the Table, column, type, function, and view names that come into the
backend via user queries are stored as variable-length, backend via user queries are stored as variable-length,
null-terminated character strings. null-terminated character strings.
@ -249,7 +249,7 @@ s
should take the HeapTuple pointer, and use the GETSTRUCT() macro to should take the HeapTuple pointer, and use the GETSTRUCT() macro to
access the table-specific start of the tuple. You then cast the access the table-specific start of the tuple. You then cast the
pointer as a Form_pg_proc pointer if you are accessing the pg_proc pointer as a Form_pg_proc pointer if you are accessing the pg_proc
table, or TypeTupleForm if you are accessing pg_type. You can then table, or Form_pg_type if you are accessing pg_type. You can then
access the columns by using a structure pointer: access the columns by using a structure pointer:
((Form_pg_class) GETSTRUCT(tuple))->relnatts ((Form_pg_class) GETSTRUCT(tuple))->relnatts

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@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
User
* Tutorial - for those not familiar with PostgreSQL
* User's Guide - updated for PostgreSQL 6.3 (new html 98-08-16)
* Administrator's Guide - help in installing and managing PostgreSQL
(new html 98-08-16)
* Programmer's Guide - for those programming in PostgreSQL, using
various interfaces (new html 98-08-16)
* Integrated Document (includes others above) - for those
programming in PostgreSQL, using various interfaces (new html
98-08-16)
* The FAQ (Frequently Asked Questions) is available in
+ English
+ Japanese
+ Korean by Khan
* Platform-specific FAQ's are available for
+ Linux
o English by Andrew Martin
o Japanese by Jun Kuwamura
o Korean by Khan
o Italian by Daniele Medri
+ Irix
+ HP-UX
New versions of the User's Guide
Developers
* How PostgreSQL Processes a Query - a guide to all modules and
directories, including a flowchart
* Developer's FAQ
+ English by Bruce Momjian
+ Korean by Khan
* Developer's Guide - for contributing to the PostgreSQL
distribution
* Anon-CVS access to source code
Misc
More information regarding the documentation, contact information, and
SQL references, read the Appendices.
The 6.3.2 man pages have been HTML-ized by Aleksey Dashevsky
(lyolik@luckynet.co.il). We are currently transitioning to the
SGML-based documentation mentioned above. However, the man pages may
contain information not yet in the new documentation. In particular,
the man pages for SQL commands and for programs such as psql contain
the best available information for now. pod2html for the perl5
interface is also current.
The TODO List includes information on what has recently been completed
and what we are planning on doing.
_________________________________________________________________
If you have questions about this website, please contact our
webmaster.
This page was last modified 18:00:01 on Saturday, 28 November 1998.
Copyright <20> 1994-8 PostgreSQL Organization
All rights reserved.

551
doc/FAQ_Irix
View File

@ -1,490 +1,63 @@
======================================================
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) for PostgreSQL >=V6.1
IRIX Specific
TO BE READ IN CONJUNCTION WITH THE NORMAL FAQ
======================================================
last updated: Mon Mar 05 17:00:00 GMT 1998
current maintainer: Andrew C.R. Martin (martin@biochem.ucl.ac.uk) User
original author: Andrew C.R. Martin (martin@biochem.ucl.ac.uk)
* Tutorial - for those not familiar with PostgreSQL
* User's Guide - updated for PostgreSQL 6.3 (new html 98-08-16)
Changes in this version (* = modified, + = new, - = removed): * Administrator's Guide - help in installing and managing PostgreSQL
*1.5) Can I install PostgreSQL (<V6.3) under Irix 6.x? (new html 98-08-16)
+1.10) How do I install PostgreSQL V6.3 under Irix 6.x? * Programmer's Guide - for those programming in PostgreSQL, using
various interfaces (new html 98-08-16)
This file is divided approximately as follows: * Integrated Document (includes others above) - for those
1.*) Installing PostgreSQL programming in PostgreSQL, using various interfaces (new html
2.*) Uninstalling PostgreSQL 98-08-16)
3.*) Extending PostgreSQL * The FAQ (Frequently Asked Questions) is available in
+ English
+ Japanese
Questions answered: + Korean by Khan
1.1) What extra items do I need to install PostgreSQL under Irix? * Platform-specific FAQ's are available for
1.2) What changes do I need to make to src/Makefile.global? + Linux
1.3) What are the references in X11_LIB to libsocket and libnsl in o English by Andrew Martin
src/Makefile.global? o Japanese by Jun Kuwamura
1.4) Are there any other changes I should make? o Korean by Khan
1.5) Can I install PostgreSQL (<V6.3) under Irix 6.x? o Italian by Daniele Medri
1.6) The make fails with the following message: + Irix
ld32: ERROR 4: Conflicting flag setting: -call_shared + HP-UX
1.7) Why won't it link? (Problems with lorder)
1.8) I have major problems with IRIX 6! New versions of the User's Guide
1.9) Why does lex fail with PostgreSQL 6.2.1?
1.10) How do I install PostgreSQL V6.3 under Irix 6.x? Developers
2.1) Why can't I move the executable files?
3.1) How do I compile a C program to create a function for extending * How PostgreSQL Processes a Query - a guide to all modules and
PostgreSQL directories, including a flowchart
* Developer's FAQ
---------------------------------------------------------------------- + English by Bruce Momjian
Section 1: Installing PostgreSQL + Korean by Khan
---------------------------------------------------------------------- * Developer's Guide - for contributing to the PostgreSQL
distribution
1.1) What extra items do I need to install PostgreSQL under Irix? * Anon-CVS access to source code
You *must* have the following installed: Misc
a) Gnu make (installed as gmake)
More information regarding the documentation, contact information, and
You are recommended to install the following: SQL references, read the Appendices.
a) GNU install (installed as ginstall)
(This is part of the GNU fileutils package) The 6.3.2 man pages have been HTML-ized by Aleksey Dashevsky
(lyolik@luckynet.co.il). We are currently transitioning to the
You may choose to install the following: SGML-based documentation mentioned above. However, the man pages may
a) GNU readline library (if you wish psql to have readline contain information not yet in the new documentation. In particular,
support). the man pages for SQL commands and for programs such as psql contain
b) tcl/tk (if you wish to compile pgtclsh) the best available information for now. pod2html for the perl5
interface is also current.
1.2) What changes do I need to make to src/Makefile.global or
src/Makefile.custom? The TODO List includes information on what has recently been completed
and what we are planning on doing.
The easiest way to do this is to use the customize script in _________________________________________________________________
the src directory.
If you have questions about this website, please contact our
You *must* set the following variables: webmaster.
PORTNAME= irix5
This page was last modified 18:00:01 on Saturday, 28 November 1998.
You will also need to change the following to match your own
installation: Copyright <20> 1994-8 PostgreSQL Organization
POSTGRESDIR
All rights reserved.
If you switch on the USE_TCL option, you will need to set these:
TCL_INCDIR=
TCL_LIBDIR=
TCL_LIB =
TK_INCDIR=
TK_LIBDIR=
TK_LIB =
You may also make any other changes you need as documented in
the INSTALL file and in Makefile.global
1.3) What are the references in X11_LIB to libsocket and libnsl in
src/Makefile.global?
This was a problem in 1.08 (they are Sun Solaris specific).
It is fixed in 1.09 and above.
1.4) Are there any other changes I should make?
If you have installed the GNU install program (ginstall), you
should add the following line to src/Makefile.custom:
CUSTOM_INSTALL=ginstall
For an explanation as to why this is a good idea, see Question 2.1
Ginstall is part of the GNU fileutils package.
1.5) Can I install PostgreSQL (<V6.3) under Irix 6.x?
Instructions for PostgreSQL V6.3 are answered in Question 1.10!
Irix 6.2-6.4 has a bug in ld which mishandles the addresses of
static procedures when object files are assembled into
larger object files using 'ld -r'. This bug has been reported
to Silicon Graphics.
One option is to use the Gnu version of ld. Alternatively,
the following patch should be applied as a workaround.
(Supplied by Bob Bruccoleri <bruc@bms.com>)
*** ./backend/Makefile.orig Thu May 22 00:00:15 1997
--- ./backend/Makefile Thu Jun 5 16:47:27 1997
***************
*** 54,60 ****
all: postgres $(POSTGRES_IMP) global1.bki.source local1_template1.bki.source
postgres: $(OBJS) ../utils/version.o
! $(CC) -o postgres $(OBJS) ../utils/version.o $(LDFLAGS)
$(OBJS): $(DIRS:%=%.dir)
--- 54,64 ----
all: postgres $(POSTGRES_IMP) global1.bki.source local1_template1.bki.source
postgres: $(OBJS) ../utils/version.o
! # $(CC) -o postgres $(OBJS) ../utils/version.o $(LDFLAGS)
! -rm -f *.o
! find . -name "*.o" -exec cp \{\} . \;
! rm -f SUBSYS.o
! $(CC) -o postgres *.o ../utils/version.o $(LDFLAGS)
$(OBJS): $(DIRS:%=%.dir)
1.6) The make fails with the following message:
ld32: ERROR 4: Conflicting flag setting: -call_shared
If gmake fails in .../src/backend while building obj/ACCESS.o
with a message from ld32, you can work around this by using
ld for the LD environment variable rather than cc.
The problem has been observed under Irix 5.3 when compiling both
Postgres95-1.09 and PostgreSQL-6.2Beta6, but on some systems
these appear to compile with no such problems.
Fix supplied by Brian Sanders (bsanders@netcom.com,
brian@fresnelsoft.com)
1.7) Why won't it link? (Problems with lorder)
According to the IRIX man pages, lorder is useless, but harmless
under IRIX. However, it has caused problems for some people
using both IRIX 6.2.
The solution is to add the following line to
.../src/makefiles/Makefile.irix5
MK_NO_LORDER=true
1.8) I have major problems with IRIX 6!
The following is quoted directly from Bob Bruccoleri <bruc@bms.com>
There is a really nasty loader bug in the compiler system (7.1)
on Irix 6.x, and the error that Lasse Petersen is the result of it.
Here is the original message. I don't know if all the changes have been
folded into the current release.
Date: Fri, 06 Jun 1997 17:12:20 -0400 (EDT)
From: bruc@bms.com (Robert Bruccoleri)
Subject: [PORTS] Patches for Irix 6.4
I have worked out how to compile PostgreSQL on Irix 6.4 using the -n32 compiler
mode and version 7.1 of the C compiler. (The n32 compiler use 32 bits addressing,
but allows access to all the instructions in the MIPS4 instruction set.)
There were several problems:
1) The ld command is not referenced as a macro in all the Makefiles. On
this platform, you have to include -n32 on all the ld commands. Makefiles
were changed as needed.
2) There is a bug in "ld" which mishandles the addresses of static procedures
when object files are assembled into larger object files using "ld -r".
Because of this, I put a hack into src/backend/Makefile to avoid all the
SUBSYS.o files and just link all the objects. I have contacted SGI about the
problem, and hopefully, it will be fixed in the near future.
3) Lots of warnings are generated from the compiler. Since the regression
tests worked OK, I didn't attempt to fix them. If anyone wants the compilation
log, please let me know, and I'll email it to you.
The version of postgresql was 970602. Here is Makefile.custom:
CUSTOM_COPT = -O2 -n32
MK_NO_LORDER = 1
LD = ld -n32
CC += -n32
Here are the patches:
*** ./backend/access/Makefile.orig Sun Nov 10 00:00:15 1996
- --- ./backend/access/Makefile Tue Jun 3 10:22:32 1997
***************
*** 8,13 ****
- --- 8,16 ----
#
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ SRCDIR = ../..
+ include ../../Makefile.global
+
OBJS = common/SUBSYS.o gist/SUBSYS.o hash/SUBSYS.o heap/SUBSYS.o \
index/SUBSYS.o rtree/SUBSYS.o nbtree/SUBSYS.o transam/SUBSYS.o
*** ./backend/bootstrap/Makefile.orig Fri Apr 18 06:00:23 1997
- --- ./backend/bootstrap/Makefile Tue Jun 3 10:23:59 1997
***************
*** 38,44 ****
all: SUBSYS.o
SUBSYS.o: $(OBJS)
! ld -r -o SUBSYS.o $(OBJS)
# bootstrap.o's dependency on bootstrap_tokens.h is computed by the
# make depend, but we state it here explicitly anyway because
- --- 38,44 ----
all: SUBSYS.o
SUBSYS.o: $(OBJS)
! $(LD) -r -o SUBSYS.o $(OBJS)
# bootstrap.o's dependency on bootstrap_tokens.h is computed by the
# make depend, but we state it here explicitly anyway because
*** ./backend/Makefile.orig Thu May 22 00:00:15 1997
- --- ./backend/Makefile Thu Jun 5 16:47:27 1997
***************
*** 54,60 ****
all: postgres $(POSTGRES_IMP) global1.bki.source local1_template1.bki.source
postgres: $(OBJS) ../utils/version.o
! $(CC) -o postgres $(OBJS) ../utils/version.o $(LDFLAGS)
$(OBJS): $(DIRS:%=%.dir)
- --- 54,64 ----
all: postgres $(POSTGRES_IMP) global1.bki.source local1_template1.bki.source
postgres: $(OBJS) ../utils/version.o
! # $(CC) -o postgres $(OBJS) ../utils/version.o $(LDFLAGS)
! -rm -f *.o
! find . -name "*.o" -exec cp \{\} . \;
! rm -f SUBSYS.o
! $(CC) -o postgres *.o ../utils/version.o $(LDFLAGS)
$(OBJS): $(DIRS:%=%.dir)
***************
*** 116,122 ****
install: $(LIBDIR) $(BINDIR) $(HEADERDIR) postgres $(POSTGRES_IMP) fmgr.h\
global1.bki.source local1_template1.bki.source \
libpq/pg_hba.conf.sample optimizer/geqo/pg_geqo.sample
!
$(INSTALL) $(INSTL_EXE_OPTS) postgres $(BINDIR)/postgres
ifeq ($(MAKE_EXPORTS), true)
$(INSTALL) $(INSTLOPTS) $(POSTGRES_IMP) $(LIBDIR)/$(POSTGRES_IMP)
- --- 120,126 ----
install: $(LIBDIR) $(BINDIR) $(HEADERDIR) postgres $(POSTGRES_IMP) fmgr.h\
global1.bki.source local1_template1.bki.source \
libpq/pg_hba.conf.sample optimizer/geqo/pg_geqo.sample
!
$(INSTALL) $(INSTL_EXE_OPTS) postgres $(BINDIR)/postgres
ifeq ($(MAKE_EXPORTS), true)
$(INSTALL) $(INSTLOPTS) $(POSTGRES_IMP) $(LIBDIR)/$(POSTGRES_IMP)
*** ./backend/optimizer/Makefile.orig Wed Feb 19 12:00:34 1997
- --- ./backend/optimizer/Makefile Tue Jun 3 10:39:47 1997
***************
*** 8,13 ****
- --- 8,16 ----
#
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ SRCDIR= ../..
+ include ../../Makefile.global
+
all: submake SUBSYS.o
OBJS = path/SUBSYS.o plan/SUBSYS.o prep/SUBSYS.o util/SUBSYS.o geqo/SUBSYS.o
*** ./backend/libpq/pqcomprim.c.orig Mon May 26 00:00:23 1997
- --- ./backend/libpq/pqcomprim.c Fri Jun 6 16:02:24 1997
***************
*** 32,40 ****
# define hton_l(n) (ntoh_l(n))
# else /* BYTE_ORDER != BIG_ENDIAN */
# if BYTE_ORDER == PDP_ENDIAN
! # #error PDP_ENDIAN macros not written yet
# else /* BYTE_ORDER != anything known */
! # #error BYTE_ORDER not defined as anything understood
# endif /* BYTE_ORDER == PDP_ENDIAN */
# endif /* BYTE_ORDER == BIG_ENDIAN */
#endif /* BYTE_ORDER == LITTLE_ENDIAN */
- --- 32,40 ----
# define hton_l(n) (ntoh_l(n))
# else /* BYTE_ORDER != BIG_ENDIAN */
# if BYTE_ORDER == PDP_ENDIAN
! # error PDP_ENDIAN macros not written yet
# else /* BYTE_ORDER != anything known */
! # error BYTE_ORDER not defined as anything understood
# endif /* BYTE_ORDER == PDP_ENDIAN */
# endif /* BYTE_ORDER == BIG_ENDIAN */
#endif /* BYTE_ORDER == LITTLE_ENDIAN */
*** ./backend/storage/Makefile.orig Sun Nov 10 00:01:06 1996
- --- ./backend/storage/Makefile Tue Jun 3 10:41:29 1997
***************
*** 8,13 ****
- --- 8,16 ----
#
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ SRCDIR= ../..
+ include ../../Makefile.global
+
all: submake SUBSYS.o
OBJS = buffer/SUBSYS.o file/SUBSYS.o ipc/SUBSYS.o large_object/SUBSYS.o \
1.9) Why does lex fail with PostgreSQL 6.2.1?
IRIX 5.3 lex has been reported to fail in
postgresql-6.2.1/src/backend/parser with the error:
lex scan.l
"scan.l":line 86: Error: Invalid request %x xc
gmake[2]: *** [scan.c] Error 1
The answer is to use GNU flex 2.5.4 or later. Use the command
flex --version
to check you have a new enough version of flex
1.10) How do I install PostgreSQL V6.3 under Irix 6.x?
Irix 6.2-6.4 has a bug in ld which mishandles the addresses of
static procedures when object files are assembled into
larger object files using 'ld -r'. This bug has been reported
to Silicon Graphics.
Depending on your Irix installation you may also encounter
2 other problems detailed below: Conflict in C standards,
Conflict in library functions.
a) Solving the ld bug
---------------------
One option is to use the Gnu version of ld. Alternatively,
the following patch should be applied as a workaround.
(Supplied by Bob Bruccoleri <bruc@bms.com> and modified for
PostgreSQL V6.3 by Lasse Hiller Petersen <lassehp@imv.aau.dk>)
Apply the following patch:
*** ./backend/Makefile.orig Tue Mar 3 15:33:58 1998
--- ./backend/Makefile Tue Mar 3 15:39:27 1998
***************
*** 63,69 ****
global1.description
local1_template1.description
postgres: $(OBJS) ../utils/version.o
! $(CC) -o postgres $(OBJS) ../utils/version.o $(LDFLAGS)
$(OBJS): $(DIRS:%=%.dir)
--- 63,73 ----
global1.description
local1_template1.description
postgres: $(OBJS) ../utils/version.o
! # $(CC) -o postgres $(OBJS) ../utils/version.o $(LDFLAGS)
! -rm -f *.o
! find . -name "*.o" -exec cp \{\} . \;
! rm -f SUBSYS.o
! $(CC) -o postgres *.o ../utils/version.o $(LDFLAGS)
$(OBJS): $(DIRS:%=%.dir)
Lasse configured with ./configure --enable-locale
and modified Makefile.custom to contain:
CC = cc -n32
LD = ld -n32
He reports that the installation without -n32 works fine too,
but the -n32 was required for compatibility with his Perl
installation. His system was an Origin200 running IRIX64 v6.4.
b) Conflict in C standards
--------------------------
I have found that the following patch is also necessary in order
to prevent a duplicate definition of a Union used for semaphores.
Apply the following patch to:
.../src/makefile/Makefile.irix5:
*** src/makefiles/Makefile.irix5.orig Thu Mar 5 16:59:58 1998
--- src/makefiles/Makefile.irix5 Thu Mar 5 17:01:13 1998
***************
*** 6,9 ****
%.so: %.o
$(LD) -G -Bdynamic -shared -o $@ $<
!
--- 6,9 ----
%.so: %.o
$(LD) -G -Bdynamic -shared -o $@ $<
! CFLAGS+= -U_NO_XOPEN4
i.e. the addition of the line:
CFLAGS+= -U_NO_XOPEN4
This is needed to stop the semun union being redefined in
/usr/include/sys/sem.h
c) Conflict in library functions
--------------------------------
In addition, if you have the nsl and crypt libraries these will
conflict with the required definitions. I think that libnsl.a
may be the Netware socket library (or something similar). In
any case, if you have these libraries, they will be added to
Makefile.global and you will need to remove them.
Thus, you should edit .../src/Makefile.global. Goto (approximately)
line 217 where LDFLAGS= is set and remove -lnsl and -lcrypt
from this line.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Section 2: Deinstalling PostgreSQL
----------------------------------------------------------------------
2.1) Why can't I move the executable files?
By default, the IRIX port uses the BSD compatible version of
install from /usr/bin/X11. If you read the man page for this
version of install, you will see that it is not meant for
end-user use; it has the interesting side-effect of chowning
files it installs to root.
You should still be able to delete the files as you (the
postgres user) will own the directory in which they are
stored.
The normal IRIX install program cannot be used easily as it
takes its arguments in the reverse order. It is therefore
recommended to use the GNU version of install (ginstall).
See Question 1.4
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Section 3: Extending PostgreSQL
----------------------------------------------------------------------
3.1) How do I compile a C program to create a function for extending
PostgreSQL
Here is a sample command line:
cc -I/usr/local/PostgreSQL/include/ -I/usr/local/PostgreSQL/src/backend
-shared -o funcs.so funcs.c
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Dr. Andrew C.R. Martin University College London
EMAIL: (Work) martin@biochem.ucl.ac.uk (Home) andrew@stagleys.demon.co.uk
URL: http://www.biochem.ucl.ac.uk/~martin
Tel: (Work) +44(0)171 419 3890 (Home) +44(0)1372 275775

763
doc/FAQ_Linux
View File

@ -1,702 +1,63 @@
=======================================================
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) for PostgreSQL >= V6.1
Linux Specific
TO BE READ IN CONJUNCTION WITH THE NORMAL FAQ
=======================================================
last updated: Fri Jun 19 13:35:00 BST 1998
current maintainer: Andrew C.R. Martin (martin@biochem.ucl.ac.uk) User
original author: Andrew C.R. Martin (martin@biochem.ucl.ac.uk)
* Tutorial - for those not familiar with PostgreSQL
* User's Guide - updated for PostgreSQL 6.3 (new html 98-08-16)
Changes in this version (* = modified, + = new, - = removed): * Administrator's Guide - help in installing and managing PostgreSQL
(new html 98-08-16)
+1.23) Why does the compile fail with messages about F_BOOLIN, F_BOOLOUT * Programmer's Guide - for those programming in PostgreSQL, using
and F_BYTEAIN being undeclared? various interfaces (new html 98-08-16)
* Integrated Document (includes others above) - for those
This file is divided approximately as follows: programming in PostgreSQL, using various interfaces (new html
1.*) Installing PostgreSQL 98-08-16)
2.*) Compiling accessory programs * The FAQ (Frequently Asked Questions) is available in
3.*) Runtime Problems + English
+ Japanese
+ Korean by Khan
Questions answered: * Platform-specific FAQ's are available for
1.1) What changes do I need to make to src/Makefile.global or + Linux
src/Makefile.custom and are there any other changes needed? o English by Andrew Martin
1.2) Why do I get problems with missing libreadline? o Japanese by Jun Kuwamura
1.3) [REDHAT] Why do I get problems with missing libdl and dlfcn.h? o Korean by Khan
1.4) [SLACKWARE 3.1] Why do I get problems with missing libdl and dlfcn.h? o Italian by Daniele Medri
1.5) My compile of the backend dies complaining about the include file + Irix
dlfcn.h missing + HP-UX
1.6) GCC complains about an ignored option -fpic
1.7) I get warnings of the form New versions of the User's Guide
warning: cast from pointer to integer of different size
1.8) [SuSE-Linux 4.2-4.4] Where is curses and termcap? Developers
1.9) Why do I get problems with ld.so?
1.10) Why do I get `yy_flush_buffer undefined' errors? * How PostgreSQL Processes a Query - a guide to all modules and
1.11) How do I compile PostgreSQL on an a.out system? directories, including a flowchart
1.12) Why does make fail with: * Developer's FAQ
yacc -d /disk2/PostgreSQL/src/backend/parser/gram.y + English by Bruce Momjian
make: /usr/bin/make: cannot execute binary file + Korean by Khan
1.13) What are the references in X11_LIB to libsocket and libnsl in * Developer's Guide - for contributing to the PostgreSQL
src/Makefile.global? distribution
1.14) [DEBIAN] Where is libtermcap? * Anon-CVS access to source code
1.15) [REDHAT] Can I get PostgreSQL as an RPM?
1.16) While trying to compile a development version under Linux, compilation Misc
fails with a message like:
In file included from /usr/include/sys/sem.h:8, More information regarding the documentation, contact information, and
from ipc.c:37: SQL references, read the Appendices.
/usr/include/asm/bitops.h:32: warning: no previous prototype for Set_bit'
.... The 6.3.2 man pages have been HTML-ized by Aleksey Dashevsky
make: *** [ipc.o] Error 1 (lyolik@luckynet.co.il). We are currently transitioning to the
1.17) When compiling postgres, gcc reports signal 11 and aborts. SGML-based documentation mentioned above. However, the man pages may
1.18) Can I install 6.1.1 under MkLinux? contain information not yet in the new documentation. In particular,
1.19) Why does make exit or crash? the man pages for SQL commands and for programs such as psql contain
1.20) How can I optimise for 486 or pentium processors the best available information for now. pod2html for the perl5
1.21) Why do I get strange results with printing times (for example interface is also current.
in the regression test 'timespan')?
1.22) Why don't I get any shared libraries for libpq when I compile The TODO List includes information on what has recently been completed
6.3.2? and what we are planning on doing.
1.23) Why does the compile fail with messages about F_BOOLIN, F_BOOLOUT _________________________________________________________________
and F_BYTEAIN being undeclared?
2.1) The linker fails to find libX11 when compiling pgtclsh If you have questions about this website, please contact our
3.1) I get an error reporting _fUnKy_POSTPORT_sTuFf_ undefined when webmaster.
running scripts like createuser
3.2) I run postmaster and after that system says 'Bad system call(Core This page was last modified 18:00:01 on Saturday, 28 November 1998.
dumped)'
3.3) When I try to start the Postmaster, why do I get an error of the form Copyright <20> 1994-8 PostgreSQL Organization
Failed Assertion("!(file != 0):(null)", File:
"/usr/local/PostgreSQL/src/backend/storage/file/fd.c", Line: 257) All rights reserved.
!(file != 0) (0)
initdb: could not create template database
initdb: cleaning up.
3.4) Why doesn't createuser work?
3.5) Why do I get an error like:
IpcMemoryCreate: memKey=155356396 , size=760632 ,
permission=384IpcMemoryCreate: shmget(..., create, ...)
failed: Invalid argument
3.6) Why does psql fail with:
psql: can't load library 'libpq.so.1'
3.7) Other strange behaviour
3.8) When PostgreSQL is running when the system is shutdown, Linux
always fsck's the disk when rebooted.
3.9) Why does Query 32 in the regression tests take so long?
3.10) Why do I get funny rounding results in some date/time arithmetic,
such as
select '4 hours'::timespan;
returning '3 hours 59 minutes 60 seconds'?
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Section 1: Compiling PostgreSQL
----------------------------------------------------------------------
1.1) What changes do I need to make to src/Makefile.global or
src/Makefile.custom and are there any other changes needed?
Changes to the makefiles are most easily made by running the
customize shell script in the src directory which will write a
Makefile.custom for you.
The only other change you may have to make is to replace
Flex if you have version 2.5.3 which has a bug which generally
manifests itself as createuser failing (See Question 3.4)
If you modify the makefiles by hand, you *must* set the
following variable:
PORTNAME= linux
You will also need to change the following to match your own
installation:
POSTGRESDIR
If you switch on the USE_TCL option, you will need to set these:
TCL_INCDIR=
TCL_LIBDIR=
TCL_LIB=
TK_INCDIR=
TK_LIBDIR=
TK_LIB=
X11_INCDIR=
X11_LIBDIR=
X11_LIB=
On my Slackware3.0 system, these are:
TCL_INCDIR= /usr/include/tcl
TCL_LIBDIR= /usr/lib
TCL_LIB= -ltcl
TK_INCDIR= /usr/include/tcl
TK_LIBDIR= /usr/lib
TK_LIB= -ltk
X11_INCDIR= /usr/include/X11
X11_LIBDIR= /usr/X386/lib
X11_LIB= -lX11
You may also make any other changes you need as documented in
the INSTALL file and in Makefile.global
1.2) Why do I get problems with missing libreadline?
Linux systems generally don't come with the GNU readline library
installed. Either ensure you do not activate the readline options
in src/Makefile.global or src/Makefile.custom or install the GNU
readline library.
Note that Debian Linux (like FreeBSD) does come with readline
installed.
1.3) [REDHAT] Why do I get problems with missing libdl and dlfcn.h?
This manifests itself as being unable to link with functions
such as dlopen(), dlclose(), etc. during the last phase of the
compilation.
The libdl library is used for dynamic linking of user-supplied
functions at run-time. For some reason this library was missed out
from the Redhat distribution. It seems that the latest Redhat 4.0
(Colgate) fixes this.
RedHat now have a new ld.so RPM package on their FTP site.
Simply grab:
ftp://ftp.redhat.com/pub/redhat/devel/i386/RedHat/RPMS/ld.so-1.7.14-4.i386.rpm
Install the RPM file in the usual way and off you go!
NOTE! You will have to re-run configure and do a make clean
after installing the library and before recompiling.
There has been one report of a corrupted system resulting from
programs accessing these libraries while updating them (not
altogether surprising). Consequently it is a good idea to reboot
the system before installing the new libraries and to
have as little running as possible during this upgrade. Going
into single-user mode is probably a good idea!
If you want to do it the hard way, you can obtain the library and the
header file from:
ftp://tsx-11.mit.edu/pub/linux/packages/GCC/ld.so-1.7.14.tar.gz
Alternatively, you may find precompiled binaries in
distributions/debian/buzz/binary-i386/base/ld.so-1.7.14-4.deb
on the same site, or follow the instructions given for question 1.2 for
correcting the same error with early releases of Slackware 3.1.
Don't use this method unless you know what you are doing!
1.4) [SLACKWARE 3.1] Why do I get problems with missing libdl and dlfcn.h?
This manifests itself as being unable to link with functions
such as dlopen(), dlclose(), etc. during the last phase of the
compilation.
See the answer to question 1.3. Slackware up to version 3.0 was
supplied with this library and include file and they seem to be
back in again in the latest versions of 3.1, but the early 3.1
releases (before 9th September 1996) had them missing and many
CD-ROM versions will have been pressed from the first 3.1 releases.
There has been one report of a corrupted system resulting from
programs accessing these libraries while updating them (not
altogether surprising). Consequently it is a good idea to reboot
the system before installing the new libraries and to
have as little running as possible during this upgrade. Going
into single-user mode is probably a good idea!
The easiest fix is to obtain the file ldso.tgz from the a4 disk of
a more recent Slackware distribution and unpack this file
from the root (/) directory, then do
sh install/doinst.sh
to complete the installation. Follow this with
ldconfig
NOTE! You will have to re-run configure and do a make clean
after installing the library and before recompiling.
If you want to install manually, you must first install the file
dlfcn.h in /usr/include.
Second, install the file libdl.so.1.7.14 (or whatever the latest
release is) in /lib, then do:
cd /lib
ln -sf libdl.so.1.7.14 libdl.so.1
ln -sf libdl.so.1 libdl.so
On some systems (depending on your GCC configuration) it may be
necessary to do:
cd /usr/lib
ln -sf /lib/libdl.so .
Finally
ldconfig
NOTE! You will have to re-run configure and do a make clean
after installing the library and before recompiling.
1.5) My compile of the backend dies complaining about the include file
dlfcn.h missing
See the answer to question 1.3/1.4. Don't forget that if you are using
an a.out system you must first have installed the dld package
(which is not supplied with most a.out systems) to have dlfcn.h
at all. See Question 1.11.
1.6) GCC complains about an ignored option -fpic
Earlier versions of GCC accepted either -fpic or -fPIC.
It appears that more recent versions (V2.7.2?) require -fPIC.
If you are using an ELF version of Linux, this can safely be
ignored as -fPIC is the default.
You can correct this by editing src/Makefile.global and
changing CFLAGS_SL
1.7) I get warnings of the form
warning: cast from pointer to integer of different size
These were seen in earlier versions of Postgres95 and could
safely be ignored. PostgreSQL V6.0 should compile with no warnings
except those related to system header files (which can also
be safely ignored).
1.8) [SuSE-Linux 4.2-4.4] Where is curses and termcap?
SuSE-Linux 4.2 has ncurses but not curses. 4.4 appears to have both.
SuSE-Linux also has the termcap library is in /usr/lib/termcap
instead of in /usr/lib.
PostgreSQL (up to V6.0)
-----------------------
Set the value of CURSES_LIB in src/Makefile.custom to -lncurses
(or do this through the customize script).
Add the following line to src/Makefile.custom:
LDADD_BE+= -L/usr/lib/termcap
You may need to edit src/bin/psql/Makefile and change:
ifeq ($(PORTNAME), linux)
LD_ADD+=
to:
ifeq ($(PORTNAME), linux)
LD_ADD+= -ltermcap
PostgreSQL (V6.1)
-----------------
The configure script doesn't know to look in /usr/lib/termcap for
the termcap library, so you should specify this as one of the
library directories when asked for additional directories to
search.
If this doesn't work (I don't have SuSE to verify that it does)
then after running configure, you need to edit
src/Makefile.global and add -ltermcap to the LDFLAGS line
(after -lreadline). (Alternatively, you can modify
src/Makefile.custom before running configure.)
Some versions of SuSE provide only ncurses, so you may need
to force use of ncurses rather than curses by changing
-lcurses to -lncurses. (Reported true for SuSE 5.1)
1.9) Why do I get problems with ld.so?
If you get problems with ld.so, another library required under
ELF for dynamic loading, then you have messed up your installation
or (more likely) upgrade of Linux.
See the answers to Question 1.3/1.4. You may need to install
ld.so.x.y.z in /lib and run ldconfig.
The most recent stable release of the ld package is 1.7.14
At the time of writing, 1.8.x versions of ld are experimental.
1.10) Why do I get `yy_flush_buffer undefined' errors?
This isn't really Linux specific, but is common on older Linux
installations. You must have a recent version of flex (2.5.2 or later)
to compile PostgreSQL. Note that flex 2.5.3 has a bug: see
Question 3.4.
1.11) How do I compile PostgreSQL on an a.out system?
First, you must install the dld library. This may be obtained
from Sunsite as:
Linux/libs/dld.3.2.7.tar.gz
(ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/libs/dld.3.2.7.tar.gz)
Second, add the following line to src/Makefile.custom:
LINUX_ELF=
(or use the customize script)
1.12) Why does make fail with:
yacc -d /disk2/PostgreSQL/src/backend/parser/gram.y
make: /usr/bin/make: cannot execute binary file
This was a problem in earlier versions of Postgres95. The default
for PostgreSQL is to use bison -y rather than yacc.
yacc is generally implemented as a script which invokes bison -y
For some reason (certain versions of make? certain versions of
bash?) make is unable to execute this script file.
To correct this, simply edit src/mk/port/postgres.mk.linux
and, at the end of the file, change:
# YACC = bison -y
to
YACC = bison -y
1.13) What are the references in X11_LIB to libsocket and libnsl in
src/Makefile.global?
This was a problem in 1.08 (they are Sun Solaris specific).
It is fixed in 1.09 and 6.0
1.14) [DEBIAN] Where is libtermcap?
Debian Linux comes without the termcap library and uses ncurses
(which uses terminfo instead). There is no need to change the
CURSES_LIB variable in src/bin/psql/Makefile since Debian provides
a link from libncurses to libcurses (unlike SuSE-Linux --- see
Question 1.8).
You may need to edit src/bin/psql/Makefile and comment out the
change:
ifeq ($(PORTNAME), linux)
LD_ADD+= -ltermcap
to:
ifeq ($(PORTNAME), linux)
LD_ADD+=
1.15) [REDHAT] Can I get PostgreSQL as an RPM?
Yes! Michal Mosiewicz <mimo@lodz.pdi.net>
(http://www.pdi.lodz.pl/~mimo) has kindly put together an RPM
for PostgreSQL V6.0 on Intel architectures which he has uploaded to
ftp://ftp.redhat.org/pub/Incoming/Postgres-6.0-1.i386.rpm
This is a pre-compiled version, the source RPM is on its
was as I write (3rd Feb 1997).
1.16) While trying to compile a development version under Linux, compilation
fails with a message like:
In file included from /usr/include/sys/sem.h:8,
from ipc.c:37:
/usr/include/asm/bitops.h:32: warning: no previous prototype for Set_bit'
....
make: *** [ipc.o] Error 1
The problem is that Linux provides no prototypes for these
inline functions. The solution is to go into the
.../src/backend/storage/ipc directory and edit the Makefile.
Change the line
CFLAGS+=$(INCLUDE_OPT)
to
CFLAGS+=$(INCLUDE_OPT) -Wno-error
Do the same in the ../src/backend/storage/lmgr directory.
1.17) When compiling postgres, gcc reports signal 11 and aborts.
More specifically:
gcc: Internal compiler error: program cc1 got fatal
signal 11
This may be a hardware/memory problem. PortgreSQL is a big
program, and large gcc compilations (such as building
PostgreSQL or bebuilding the kernel) stress memory like
few other programs, resulting in errors that do not occur
in normal operation. Lesser operating systems are also
unlikely to stress the hardware to this degree so you
may never see any problems under DOS/Windows.
More information on this problem at:
http://www.bitwizard.nl/sig11
From this Sig11 FAQ, there appears to be a specific problem
with Redhat 5.0 gcc running on Cyrix processors. See the
URL above for more details!
1.18) Can I install 6.1.1 under MkLinux?
Tatsuo Ishii <t-ishii@sra.co.jp> has done this under
MkLinux DR2.1 update2 after a small patch available from:
ftp://ftp.sra.co.jp/pub/cmd/postgres/6.1.1/mklinux.patch.gz
1.19) Why does make exit or crash?
There have been a couple of reports of gmake either just
exiting early or seg faulting. The latter problem was reported
with gmake 3.74 - upgrading to 3.76.1 solved the problem.
However, 3.74 is known to work fine in other people's setups.
In short, try upgrading gmake to the latest version you can
find before reporting this as a problem
1.20) How can I optimise for 486 or pentium processors
The default compiler flags perform no optimisation for 486
or Pentium processors. To add such optimisation, edit
Makefile.custom and add:
CFLAGS+= -m486
or (for the new compilers that most people are not yet running)
CFLAGS+= -mpentium
or
CFLAGS+= -mpentiumpro
1.21) Why do I get strange results with printing times (for example
in the regression test 'timespan')?
The times are appearing as: '4 hours 59 mins 60.00 secs'
instead of '5 hours'
This is a problem with the glibc2 library which comes with
Redhat 5.0. Update your glibc to the latest RedHat version
for v5.0/hurricane. Anything prior to glibc-2.0.7 is likely
to have the problem.
1.22) Why don't I get any shared libraries for libpq when I compile
6.3.2?
There was some last minute breakage of the Linux configuration for
v6.3.2. Look in ftp://postgresql.org/pub/patches/ for a few fix-ups,
including a linux_elf patch.
1.23) Why does the compile fail with messages about F_BOOLIN, F_BOOLOUT
and F_BYTEAIN being undeclared?
The actual messages are something like:
-I/usr/include/readline -O2 -Wall -Wmissing-prototypes -I..
-Wno-error -c bootstrap.c -o bootstrap.o
bootstrap.c:160: `F_BOOLIN' undeclared here (not in a function)
bootstrap.c:160: initializer element for `Procid[0].inproc' is not
constant
bootstrap.c:160: `F_BOOLOUT' undeclared here (not in a function)
bootstrap.c:160: initializer element for `Procid[0].outproc' is not
constant
bootstrap.c:161: `F_BYTEAIN' undeclared here (not in a function)
bootstrap.c:161: initializer element for `Procid[1].inproc' is not
constant
This is tricky unless you know why it happens, as these constants
don't seem to be defined anywhere.
The solution is to make sure that cpp is included in your path
before you start the make.
On Redhat 5.1, cpp is in /usr/lib/gcc-lib/i386-redhat-linux/2.7.2.3
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Section 2: Compiling accessory programs
----------------------------------------------------------------------
2.1) The linker fails to find libX11 when compiling pgtclsh
Add the following to src/Makefile.custom
X11_LIBDIR = /usr/X11R6/lib
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Section 3: Runtime Problems
----------------------------------------------------------------------
3.1) I get an error reporting _fUnKy_POSTPORT_sTuFf_ undefined when
running scripts like createuser
This is a bug in V1.06-V1.07 of Postgres and is fixed in V1.08
and above.
3.2) I run postmaster and after that system says 'Bad system call(Core
dumped)'
This indicates that you have not compiled shared memory support
into your kernel. You need to recompile the Linux kernel to add this
feature.
3.3) When I try to start the Postmaster, why do I get an error of the form
Failed Assertion("!(file != 0):(null)", File:
"/usr/local/PostgreSQL/src/backend/storage/file/fd.c", Line: 257)
!(file != 0) (0)
initdb: could not create template database
initdb: cleaning up.
Your permissions on the file /dev/null are wrong.
ls -l /dev/null should give you something like:
crw-rw-rw- 1 root wheel 2, 2 Oct 8 18:41 /dev/null
Correct the permissions using:
chmod a+rw /dev/null
3.4) Why doesn't createuser work?
There is a problem with Version 2.5.3 of GNU flex and createuser.
Your options are to downgrade flex to V2.5.2, upgrade to V2.5.4
or apply a patch to V2.5.3 which is supplied in doc/README.flex
You may obtain V2.5.4 from
ftp://prep.ai.mit.edu/pub/gnu/flex-2.5.4.tar.gz
3.5) Why do I get an error like:
IpcMemoryCreate: memKey=155356396 , size=760632 ,
permission=384IpcMemoryCreate: shmget(..., create, ...)
failed: Invalid argument
You haven't build IPC support into your Linux kernel. You
will have to rebuild the kernel and switch on this option.
3.6) Why does psql fail with:
psql: can't load library 'libpq.so.1'
Psql has been compiled to link dynamically with the libpq
library.
To solve this, you should log in as root and edit the file
/etc/ld.so.conf
Add a single line at the end which gives the name of the
PostgreSQL library directory (the lib subdirectory of your
PostgreSQL installation) and run
/sbin/ldconfig -v
Alternatively, (and if you don't have root access), you may
use the LD_LIBRARY_PATH environment variable.
The LD_LIBRARY_PATH variable contains a colon separated list of
paths to be searched for shared libraries. This list is
searched before the libraries specified by ldconfig.
Therefore under Bash, you would do something like:
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH='PathToPGSQL'/lib
or, using tcsh
setenv LD_LIBRARY_PATH 'PathToPGSQL'/lib
replacing 'PathToPGSQL' with the appropriate path to your top level
PostgreSQL directory
Note that the ldd command can be used on a dynamically linked
executable to list the paths to all the shared libraries upon
which the executable depends.
3.7) Other strange behaviour
I'm not sure what the symptoms might be except for nothing
working properly, but it has been pointed out that one needs
to be careful that the dynamic loader loads the correct version
of the libpq library. If you have old versions lying around
in your library path (for example in /usr/lib) these may get
loaded instead of the new version you intended to load. Make
sure you get them out of the way and look at Q3.6 for
details of loading libraries.
3.8) When PostgreSQL is running when the system is shutdown, Linux
always fsck's the disk when rebooted.
There have been some reports of this happening and it seems
to be a result of running PostgreSQL from /etc/inittab as
suggested in the INSTALL document.
You are therefore recommended to start the postmaster from an
rc script. Under a Slackware-like release, you would modify
/etc/rc.d/rc.local to start the postmaster. Under a RedHat-like
release you should create a SysV style script in
/etc/rc.d/rc3.d based on the /etc/rc.d/init.d skeleton file.
There's a sample file in contrib/linux/postgres.init
Here's another sample file supplied by John Robinson
<john@intelligent.co.uk> which you should modify as needed:
#!/bin/sh
#
# postgreSQL.init This shell script takes care of starting and stopping
# the PostgreSQL postmaster.
#
# Source function library.
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
# Source networking configuration.
. /etc/sysconfig/network
# Check that networking is up.
[ ${NETWORKING} = "no" ] && exit 0
# See how we were called.
case "$1" in
start)
# Start daemons.
echo -n "Starting postgres Postmaster daemon:"
if [ -z "`pidofproc postmaster`" ]
then
su postgres -c "/usr/local/pgsql/bin/postmaster -D /home/postgreSQL/data -p 5432 &"
echo -n " postmaster"
else
echo -n " (already running)"
fi
echo
touch /var/lock/subsys/postgres
;;
stop)
# Stop daemons.
echo -n "Shutting down postgres Postmaster daemon: "
killall -TERM postmaster 2>/dev/null
killall -TERM postgres 2>/dev/null
echo
rm -f /var/lock/subsys/postgres
;;
*)
echo "Usage: postgres {start|stop}"
exit 1
esac
exit 0
3.9) Why does Query 32 in the regression tests take so long?
This is due to a bug in regression scripts which only happens
on linux boxes. There are two workarounds as far as I know
(information from Tatsuo Ishii <t-ishii@sra.co.jp>):
1. change following in regress.sh:
time postgres -texecutor -tplanner -Q bench < bench.sql
to:
postgres -texecutor -tplanner -Q bench < bench.sql
2. after running the test, remove a line at the very end of
bench.out something like:
85.86user 114.47system 4:49.20elapsed 69%CPU (0avgtext+0avgdata 0maxresident)k
then type:
sh ./perquery < bench.out > & bench.out.perquery
3.10) Why do I get funny rounding results in some date/time arithmetic,
such as
select '4 hours'::timespan;
returning '3 hours 59 minutes 60 seconds'?
You are running the new glibc2 libraries and have a version earlier than
2.0.7. It is a math rounding problem in the library. Upgrade your library.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Dr. Andrew C.R. Martin University College London
EMAIL: (Work) martin@biochem.ucl.ac.uk (Home) andrew@stagleys.demon.co.uk
URL: http://www.biochem.ucl.ac.uk/~martin
Tel: (Work) +44(0)171 419 3890 (Home) +44(0)1372 275775

277
doc/TODO
View File

@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
TODO list for PostgreSQL TODO list for PostgreSQL
======================== ========================
Last updated: Fri Nov 6 22:17:33 EST 1998 Last updated: Fri Dec 18 00:15:58 EST 1998
Current maintainer: Bruce Momjian (maillist@candle.pha.pa.us) Current maintainer: Bruce Momjian (maillist@candle.pha.pa.us)
The most recent version of this document can be viewed at The most recent version of this document can be viewed at
the PostgreSQL WWW site, http://www.postgreSQL.org. the PostgreSQL WWW site, http://www.postgreSQL.org.
THE CHANGES FOR 6.4 APPEAR AT THE END OF THIS DOCUMENT THE CHANGES FOR 6.4.1 APPEAR AT THE END OF THIS DOCUMENT
A dash(-) marks changes to be in the next release. A dash(-) marks changes to be in the next release.
@ -45,20 +45,6 @@ Developers who have claimed items are:
* TomH is Tom I Helbekkmo <tih@Hamartun.Priv.NO> * TomH is Tom I Helbekkmo <tih@Hamartun.Priv.NO>
* Vadim is "Vadim B. Mikheev" <vadim@sable.krasnoyarsk.su> * Vadim is "Vadim B. Mikheev" <vadim@sable.krasnoyarsk.su>
Additional 6.4 developers include:
---------------------------------
* Jun Kuwamura <juk@rccm.co.jp>
* Zeugswetter Andreas SARZ <Andreas.Zeugswetter@telecom.at>
* Soonmyung. Hong <hong@lunaris.hanmesoft.co.kr>
* Anders Hammarquist <iko@netg.se>
* Jeroen van Vianen <jeroenv@design.nl>
* Aldrin L. <aldrin@americasnet.com>
* Pascal ANDRE <andre@via.ecp.fr>
* Magnus Hagander <mha@edu.sollentuna.se>
* Robert Bruccoleri <bruc@pluto.njcc.com>
* Paul A Vixie <paul@vix.com>
* Jacek Lasecki <jacek@sound.eti.pg.gda.pl>
RELIABILITY RELIABILITY
----------- -----------
* Overhaul mdmgr/smgr to fix double unlinking and double opens, cleanup * Overhaul mdmgr/smgr to fix double unlinking and double opens, cleanup
@ -83,11 +69,21 @@ RELIABILITY
* computations in views fail: * computations in views fail:
create view test as select usesysid * usesysid from pg_shadow; create view test as select usesysid * usesysid from pg_shadow;
* views containing aggregates sometimes fail(Jan) * views containing aggregates sometimes fail(Jan)
* ALTER TABLE ADD COLUMN does not honor DEFAULT, add CONSTRAINT
* SELECT DISTINCT i FROM dtest ORDER BY j generates strange output
* fix memory leak in aborted transactions
* array index references without table name cause problems
* aggregates on array indexes crash backend
* subqueries containing HAVING return incorrect results
* DEFAULT handles single quotes in value by requiring too many quotes
* make CURSOR valid even after you hit end of cursor
* views with spaces in view name fail when referenced
* plpgsql does not handle quoted mixed-case identifiers
* do not allow bpchar column creation without length
ENHANCEMENTS ENHANCEMENTS
------------ ------------
* Replace table-level locking with row or page-level locking(Vadim) * Replace table-level locking with row or page-level locking(Vadim)
* Add SERIAL type
* Transaction log, so re-do log can be on a separate disk * Transaction log, so re-do log can be on a separate disk
* Allow transaction commits with rollback with no-fsync performance * Allow transaction commits with rollback with no-fsync performance
* More access control over who can create tables and access the database * More access control over who can create tables and access the database
@ -120,7 +116,7 @@ ENHANCEMENTS
* Add word index for text fields, maybe with trigrams, i.e.: * Add word index for text fields, maybe with trigrams, i.e.:
* ' (cat | dog) & ! fox ' meaning text has cat aor dog, but not fox * ' (cat | dog) & ! fox ' meaning text has cat aor dog, but not fox
* Populate backend status area and write program to dump status data * Populate backend status area and write program to dump status data
* Add ALTER TABLE DROP COLUMN feature * Add ALTER TABLE DROP/ALTER COLUMN feature
* Allow INSERT INTO ... SELECT to convert column types * Allow INSERT INTO ... SELECT to convert column types
* Add syslog functionality(Marc) * Add syslog functionality(Marc)
* Add STDDEV/VARIANCE() function for standard deviation computation/variance * Add STDDEV/VARIANCE() function for standard deviation computation/variance
@ -167,7 +163,6 @@ ENHANCEMENTS
* Restructure storing of GRANT permission information to allow +-= * Restructure storing of GRANT permission information to allow +-=
* allow psql \copy to allow delimiters * allow psql \copy to allow delimiters
* allow international error message support and add error codes * allow international error message support and add error codes
* allow ORDER BY a function(David)
* allow usernames with dashes(GRANT fails) * allow usernames with dashes(GRANT fails)
* add a function to return the last inserted oid, for use in psql scripts * add a function to return the last inserted oid, for use in psql scripts
* allow creation of functional indexes to use default types * allow creation of functional indexes to use default types
@ -175,13 +170,27 @@ ENHANCEMENTS
* CREATE VIEW myview (name) AS SELECT lname FROM wages fails * CREATE VIEW myview (name) AS SELECT lname FROM wages fails
* do autocommit so always in a transaction block * do autocommit so always in a transaction block
* add SIMILAR TO to allow character classes, 'pg_[a-c]%' * add SIMILAR TO to allow character classes, 'pg_[a-c]%'
* allow function isnull(val,'string') to return string if value is null
* multi-verion concurrency control(Vadim) * multi-verion concurrency control(Vadim)
* improve reporting of syntax errors by showing location of error in query * improve reporting of syntax errors by showing location of error in query
* allow chaining of pages to allow >8k tuples * allow chaining of pages to allow >8k tuples
* no min/max for oid type * no min/max for oid type
* remove un-needed conversion functions * remove un-needed conversion functions
* redesign the function call interface to handle NULLs better(Jan) * redesign the function call interface to handle NULLs better(Jan)
* permissions on indexes - prevent them?
* allow multiple generic operators in expressions without the use of parentheses
* document/trigger/rule so changes to pg_shadow create pg_pwd
* improve group handling
* generate postmaster pid file and remove flock/fcntl lock code
* improve PRIMARY KEY handling
* add ability to specifiy location of lock/socket files
* psql \d on index with char()/varchar() fields shows improper length
* disallow LOCK outside a transaction, change message to LOCK instead of DELETE
* Fix roundoff problems in "cash" datatype
* fix any sprintf() overruns
* add portable vsnprintf()
* auto-destroy sequence on SERIAL removal
* CREATE TABLE inside aborted transaction causes stray table file
* allow user to define char1 column
PERFORMANCE PERFORMANCE
----------- -----------
@ -224,198 +233,36 @@ DOCUMENTATION
============================================================================= =============================================================================
CHANGES IN THE 6.4 RELEASE CHANGES IN THE 6.4.1 RELEASE
-------------------------- ----------------------------
Add pg_dump -N flag to force double quotes around identifiers. This is
Bug Fixes the default.
--------- Fix for NOT in where clause causing crash(Bruce)
Fix for a tiny memory leak in PQsetdb/PQfinish(Bryan) EXPLAIN VERBOSE coredump fix(Vadim)
Remove char2-16 data types, use char/varchar(Darren) Fix shared-library problems on Linux
Pqfn not handles a NOTICE message(Anders) Fix test for table existance to allow mixed-case and whitespace in
Reduced busywaiting overhead for spinlocks with many backends (dg) the table name
Stuck spinlock detection (dg) Fix a couple of pg_dump bugs
Fix up "ISO-style" timespan decoding and encoding(Thomas) Fix for creating tables with constraints when table name is mixed-case(Billy)
Fix problem with table drop after rollback of transaction(Vadim) Configure matches template/.similar entries better(Tom)
Change error message and remove non-functional update message(Vadim) Change builtin function names from SPI_* to spi_*
Fix for COPY array checking OR WHERE clause fix(Vadim)
Fix for SELECT 1 UNION SELECT NULL Fixes for mixed-case table names(Billy)
Fix for buffer leaks in large object calls(Pascal) contrib/linux/postgres.init.csh/sh fix
Change owner from oid to int4 type(Bruce) libpq memory overrun fix
Fix a bug in the oracle compatibility functions btrim() ltrim() and rtrim() SunOS fixes(Tom)
Fix for shared invalidation cache overflow(Massimo) Change exp() behavior to generate error on underflow
Prevent file descriptor leaks in failed COPY's(Bruce) pg_dump fixes for memory leak, inheritance constraints, layout change
Fix memory leak in libpgtcl's pg_select(Constantin) update pgaccess to 0.93
Fix problems with username/passwords over 8 characters(Tom) Fix prototype for 64-bit platforms
Fix problems with handling of asynchronous NOTIFY in backend(Tom) Multi-byte fixes(Tatsuo)
Fix of many bad system table entries(Tom) New ecpg man page
Fix memory overruns(Tatsuo)
Enhancements Fix for lo_import() crash(Bruce)
------------ Better search for install program(Tom)
Upgrade ecpg and ecpglib,see src/interfaces/ecpc/ChangeLog(Michael) Timezone fixes(Tom)
Show the index used in an EXPLAIN(Zeugswetter) HPUX fixes(Tom)
EXPLAIN invokes rule system and shows plan(s) for rewritten queries(Jan) Use implicit type coersion for matching DEFAULT values
Multi-byte awareness of many data types and functions, via configure(Tatsuo) Add routines to help with single-byte (internal) character type(Thomas)
New configure --with-mb option(Tatsuo) Compilation of libpq for Win32 fixes(Magnus)
New initdb --pgencoding option(Tatsuo) Upgrade to PyGreSQL 2.2(D'Arcy)
New createdb -E multibyte option(Tatsuo)
Select version(); now returns PostgreSQL version(Jeroen)
Libpq now allows asynchronous clients(Tom)
Allow cancel from client of backend query(Tom)
Psql now cancels query with Control-C(Tom)
Libpq users need not issue dummy queries to get NOTIFY messages(Tom)
NOTIFY now sends sender's PID, so you can tell whether it was your own(Tom)
PGresult struct now includes associated error message, if any(Tom)
Define "tz_hour" and "tz_minute" arguments to date_part()(Thomas)
Add routines to convert between varchar and bpchar(Thomas)
Add routines to allow sizing of varchar and bpchar into target columns(Thomas)
Add bit flags to support timezonehour and minute in data retrieval(Thomas)
Allow more variations on valid floating point numbers (e.g. ".1", "1e6")(Thomas)
Fixes for unary minus parsing with leading spaces(Thomas)
Implement TIMEZONE_HOUR, TIMEZONE_MINUTE per SQL92 specs(Thomas)
Check for and properly ignore FOREIGN KEY column constraints(Thomas)
Define USER as synonym for CURRENT_USER per SQL92 specs(Thomas)
Enable HAVING clause but no fixes elsewhere yet.
Make "char" type a synonym for "char(1)" (actually implemented as bpchar)(Thomas)
Save string type if specified for DEFAULT clause handling(Thomas)
Coerce operations involving different data types(Thomas)
Allow some index use for columns of different types(Thomas)
Add capabilities for automatic type conversion(Thomas)
Cleanups for large objects, so file is truncated on open(Peter)
Readline cleanups(Tom)
Allow psql \f \ to make spaces as delimiter(Bruce)
Pass pg_attribute.atttypmod to the frontend for column field lengths(Tom,Bruce)
Msql compatibility library in /contrib(Aldrin)
Remove the requirement that ORDER/GROUP BY clause identifiers be
included in the target list(David)
Convert columns to match columns in UNION clauses(Thomas)
Remove fork()/exec() and only do fork()(Bruce)
Jdbc cleanups(Peter)
Show backend status on ps command line(only works on some platforms)(Bruce)
Pg_hba.conf now has a sameuser option in the database field
Make lo_unlink take oid param, not int4
New DISABLE_COMPLEX_MACRO for compilers that can't handle our macros(Bruce)
Libpgtcl now handles NOTIFY as a Tcl event, need not send dummy queries(Tom)
libpgtcl cleanups(Tom)
Add -error option to libpgtcl's pg_result command(Tom)
New locale patch, see docs/README/locale(Oleg)
Fix for pg_dump so CONSTRAINT and CHECK syntax is correct(ccb)
New contrib/lo code for large object orphan removal(Peter)
New psql command "SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'encoding'" for multi-bytes
feature, see /doc/README.mb(Tatsuo)
/contrib/noupdate code to revoke update permission on a column
Libpq can now be compiled on win32(Magnus)
Add PQsetdbLogin() in libpq
New 8-byte integer type, checked by configure for OS support(Thomas)
Better support for quoted table/column names(Thomas)
Surround table and column names with double-quotes in pg_dump(Thomas)
PQreset() now works with passwords(Tom)
Handle case of GROUP BY target list column number out of range(David)
Allow UNION in subselects
Add auto-size to screen to \d? commands(Bruce)
Use UNION to show all \d? results in one query(Bruce)
Add \d? field search feature(Bruce)
Pg_dump issues fewer \connect requests(Tom)
Make pg_dump -z flag work better, document it in manual page(Tom)
Add HAVING clause with full support for subselects and unions(Stephan)
Full text indexing routines in contrib/fulltextindex(Maarten)
Transaction ids now stored in shared memory(Vadim)
New PGCLIENTENCODING when issuing COPY command(Tatsuo)
Support for SQL92 syntax "SET NAMES"(Tatsuo)
Support for LATIN2-5(Tatsuo)
Add UNICODE regression test case(Tatsuo)
Lock manager cleanup, new locking modes for LLL(Vadim)
Allow index use with OR clauses(Bruce)
Allows "SELECT NULL ORDER BY 1;"
Explain VERBOSE prints the plan, and now pretty-prints the plan to
the postmaster log file(Bruce)
Add Indices display to \d command(Bruce)
Allow GROUP BY on functions(David)
New pg_class.relkind for large objects(Bruce)
New way to send libpq NOTICE messages to a different location(Tom)
New \w write command to psql(Bruce)
New /contrib/findoidjoins scans oid columns to find join relationships(Bruce)
Allow binary-compatible indices to be considered when checking for valid
indices for restriction clauses containing a constant(Thomas)
New ISBN/ISSN code in /contrib/isbn_issn
Allow NOT LIKE, IN, NOT IN, BETWEEN, and NOT BETWEEN constraint(Thomas)
New rewrite system fixes many problems with rules and views(Jan)
* Rules on relations work
* Event qualifications on insert/update/delete work
* New OLD variable to reference CURRENT, CURRENT will be remove in future
* Update rules can reference NEW and OLD in rule qualifications/actions
* Insert/update/delete rules on views work
* Multiple rule actions are now supported, surrounded by parentheses
* Regular users can create views/rules on tables they have RULE permits
* Rules and views inherit the permissions on the creator
* No rules at the column level
* No UPDATE NEW/OLD rules
* New pg_tables, pg_indexes, pg_rules and pg_views system views
* Only a single action on SELECT rules
* Total rewrite overhaul, perhaps for 6.5
* handle subselects
* handle aggregates on views
* handle insert into select from view works
System indexes are now multi-key(Bruce)
Oidint2, oidint4, and oidname types are removed(Bruce)
Use system cache for more system table lookups(Bruce)
New backend programming language PL/pgSQL in backend/pl(Jan)
New SERIAL data type, auto-creates sequence/index(Thomas)
Enable assert checking without a recompile(Massimo)
User lock enhancements(Massimo)
New setval() command to set sequence value(Massimo)
Auto-remove unix socket file on startup if no postmaster running(Massimo)
Conditional trace package(Massimo)
New UNLISTEN command(Massimo)
Psql and libpq now compile under win32 using win32.mak(Magnus)
Lo_read no longer stores trailing NULL(Bruce)
Identifiers are now truncated to 31 characters internally(Bruce)
Createuser options now availble on the command line
Code for 64-bit integer supported added, configure tested, int8 type(Thomas)
Prevent file descriptor leaf from failed COPY(Bruce)
New pg_upgrade command(Bruce)
Updated /contrib directories(Massimo)
New CREATE TABLE DEFAULT VALUES statement available(Thomas)
New INSERT INTO TABLE DEFAULT VALUES statement available(Thomas)
New DECLARE and FETCH feature(Thomas)
libpq's internal structures now not exported(Tom)
Allow up to 8 key indexes(Bruce)
Remove ARCHIVE keyword, that is no longer used(Thomas)
pg_dump -n flag to supress quotes around indentifiers
disable system columns for views(Jan)
new INET and CIDR types for network addresses(TomH, Paul)
no more double quotes in psql output
pg_dump now dumps views(Terry)
new SET QUERY_LIMIT(Tatsuo,Jan)
Source Tree Changes
-------------------
/contrib cleanup(Jun)
Inline some small functions called for every row(Bruce)
Alpha/linux fixes
Hp/UX cleanups(Tom)
Multi-byte regression tests(Soonmyung.)
Remove --disabled options from configure
Define PGDOC to use POSTGRESDIR by default
Make regression optional
Remove extra braces code to pgindent(Bruce)
Add bsdi shared library support(Bruce)
New --without-CXX support configure option(Brook)
New FAQ_CVS
Update backend flowchart in tools/backend(Bruce)
Change atttypmod from int16 to int32(Bruce, Tom)
Getrusage() fix for platforms that do not have it(Tom)
Add PQconnectdb, PGUSER, PGPASSWORD to libpq man page
NS32K platform fixes(Phil Nelson, John Buller)
Sco 7/UnixWare 2.x fixes(Billy,others)
Sparc/Solaris 2.5 fixes(Ryan)
Pgbuiltin.3 is obsolete, move to doc files(Thomas)
Even more documention(Thomas)
Nextstep support(Jacek)
Aix support(David)
pginterface manual page(Bruce)
shared libraries all have version numbers
merged all OS-specific shared library defines into one file
smarter TCL/TK configuration checking(Billy)
smarter perl configuration(Brook)
configure uses supplied install-sh if no install script found(Tom)
new Makefile.shlib for shared library configuration(Tom)

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register.txt
View File

@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
(1998-09-01) (1998-12-18)
PostgreSQL has a Web site at http://www.postgresql.org/ which carries details PostgreSQL has a Web site at http://www.postgresql.org/ which carries details
on the latest release, upcoming features, and other information to make your on the latest release, upcoming features, and other information to make your
work or play with PostgreSQL more productive. work or play with PostgreSQL more productive.