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Backpatch FAQs to 8.1.X.

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Bruce Momjian
2006-10-10 00:29:15 +00:00
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Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) for PostgreSQL
Last updated: Thu May 18 23:52:32 EDT 2006
Last updated: Mon Oct 9 20:28:14 EDT 2006
Current maintainer: Bruce Momjian (pgman@candle.pha.pa.us)
Current maintainer: Bruce Momjian (bruce@momjian.us)
The most recent version of this document can be viewed at
http://www.postgresql.org/files/documentation/faqs/FAQ.html.
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1.3) What is the copyright of PostgreSQL?
1.4) What platforms does PostgreSQL support?
1.5) Where can I get PostgreSQL?
1.6) What is the latest release?
1.6) What is the most recent release?
1.7) Where can I get support?
1.8) How do I submit a bug report?
1.9) How do I find out about known bugs or missing features?
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3.3) How do I tune the database engine for better performance?
3.4) What debugging features are available?
3.5) Why do I get "Sorry, too many clients" when trying to connect?
3.6) Why do I need to do a dump and restore to upgrade PostgreSQL
releases?
3.6 What is the upgrade process for PostgreSQL?
3.7) What computer hardware should I use?
Operational Questions
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time of release are listed in the installation instructions.
PostgreSQL also runs natively on Microsoft Windows NT-based operating
systems like Win2000, WinXP, and Win2003. A prepackaged installer is
available at http://pgfoundry.org/projects/pginstaller. MSDOS-based
systems like Win2000 SP4, WinXP, and Win2003. A prepackaged installer
is available at http://pgfoundry.org/projects/pginstaller. MSDOS-based
versions of Windows (Win95, Win98, WinMe) can run PostgreSQL using
Cygwin.
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Via web browser, use http://www.postgresql.org/ftp/, and via ftp, use
ftp://ftp.PostgreSQL.org/pub/.
1.6) What is the latest release?
1.6) What is the most recent release?
The latest release of PostgreSQL is version 8.1.5.
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(#postgresqlfr). There is also a PostgreSQL channel on EFNet.
A list of commercial support companies is available at
http://techdocs.postgresql.org/companies.php.
http://www.postgresql.org/support/professional_support.
1.8) How do I submit a bug report?
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2.3) Does PostgreSQL have a graphical user interface?
Yes, see http://techdocs.postgresql.org/guides/GUITools for a detailed
list.
There are a large number of GUI Tools that are available for
PostgreSQL from both commercial and open source developers. A detailed
list can be found in the PostgreSQL Community Documentation
_________________________________________________________________
Administrative Questions
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Hardware Selection
The effect of hardware on performance is detailed in
http://candle.pha.pa.us/main/writings/pgsql/hw_performance/inde
x.html and http://www.powerpostgresql.com/PerfList/.
http://www.powerpostgresql.com/PerfList/ and
http://momjian.us/main/writings/pgsql/hw_performance/index.html
.
3.4) What debugging features are available?
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processes it can start by changing the max_connections value in
postgresql.conf and restarting the postmaster.
3.6) Why do I need to do a dump and restore to upgrade between major
PostgreSQL releases?
3.6) What is the upgrade process for PostgreSQL?
The PostgreSQL team makes only small changes between minor releases,
so upgrading from 7.4.0 to 7.4.1 does not require a dump and restore.
However, major releases (e.g. from 7.3 to 7.4) often change the
internal format of system tables and data files. These changes are
often complex, so we don't maintain backward compatibility for data
files. A dump outputs data in a generic format that can then be loaded
in using the new internal format.
The PostgreSQL team makes only bug fixes in minor releases, so, for
example, upgrading from 7.4.8 to 7.4.9 does not require a dump and
restore; merely stop the database server, install the updated
binaries, and restart the server.
All users should upgrade to the most recent minor release as soon as
it is available. While every upgrade has some risk, PostgreSQL minor
releases are designed to fix only common bugs with the least risk. The
community considers not upgrading more risky that upgrading.
Major releases (e.g. from 7.3 to 7.4) often change the internal format
of system tables and data files. These changes are often complex, so
we don't maintain backward compatibility for data files. A dump/reload
of the database is required for major upgrades.
3.7) What computer hardware should I use?
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One limitation is that indexes can not be created on columns longer
than about 2,000 characters. Fortunately, such indexes are rarely
needed. Uniqueness is best guaranteed by a funtion index of an MD5
needed. Uniqueness is best guaranteed by a function index of an MD5
hash of the long column, and full text indexing allows for searching
of words within the column.
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FROM tab
WHERE lower(col) = 'abc';
This will not use an standard index. However, if you create a
expresssion index, it will be used:
This will not use an standard index. However, if you create an
expression index, it will be used:
CREATE INDEX tabindex ON tab (lower(col));
If the above index is created as UNIQUE, though the column can store
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4.12) What is an OID? What is a CTID?
Every row that is created in PostgreSQL gets a unique OID unless
created WITHOUT OIDS. OIDs are autotomatically assigned unique 4-byte
created WITHOUT OIDS. OIDs are automatically assigned unique 4-byte
integers that are unique across the entire installation. However, they
overflow at 4 billion, and then the OIDs start being duplicated.
PostgreSQL uses OIDs to link its internal system tables together.