Disable recheck_on_update optimization to avoid crashes.

The code added by commit c203d6cf8 causes a crash in at least one case,
where a potentially-optimizable expression index has a storage type
different from the input data type.  A cursory code review turned up
numerous other problems that seem impractical to fix on short notice.

Andres argued for revert of that patch some time ago, and if additional
senior committers had been paying attention, that's likely what would
have happened, but we were not :-(

At this point we can't just revert, at least not in v11, because that would
mean an ABI break for code touching relcache entries.  And we should not
remove the (also buggy) support for the recheck_on_update index reloption,
since it might already be used in some databases in the field.  So this
patch just does the as-little-invasive-as-possible measure of disabling
the feature as though recheck_on_update were forced off for all indexes.
I also removed the related regression tests (which would otherwise fail)
and the user-facing documentation of the reloption.

We should undertake a more thorough code cleanup if the patch can't be
fixed, but not under the extreme time pressure of being already overdue
for 11.1 release.

Per report from Ondřej Bouda and subsequent private discussion among
pgsql-release.

Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20181106185255.776mstcyehnc63ty@alvherre.pgsql

src/test/regress/expected/func_index.out

@@ -1,64 +0,0 @@
-begin;
-create table keyvalue(id integer primary key, info jsonb);
-create index nameindex on keyvalue((info->>'name')) with (recheck_on_update=false);
-insert into keyvalue values (1, '{"name": "john", "data": "some data"}');
-update keyvalue set info='{"name": "john", "data": "some other data"}' where id=1;
-select pg_stat_get_xact_tuples_hot_updated('keyvalue'::regclass);
- pg_stat_get_xact_tuples_hot_updated 
--------------------------------------
-                                   0
-(1 row)
-
-rollback;
-begin;
-create table keyvalue(id integer primary key, info jsonb);
-create index nameindex on keyvalue((info->>'name')) with (recheck_on_update=true);
-insert into keyvalue values (1, '{"name": "john", "data": "some data"}');
-update keyvalue set info='{"name": "john", "data": "some other data"}' where id=1;
-select pg_stat_get_xact_tuples_hot_updated('keyvalue'::regclass);
- pg_stat_get_xact_tuples_hot_updated 
--------------------------------------
-                                   1
-(1 row)
-
-update keyvalue set info='{"name": "smith", "data": "some other data"}' where id=1;
-select pg_stat_get_xact_tuples_hot_updated('keyvalue'::regclass);
- pg_stat_get_xact_tuples_hot_updated 
--------------------------------------
-                                   1
-(1 row)
-
-update keyvalue set info='{"name": "smith", "data": "some more data"}' where id=1;
-select pg_stat_get_xact_tuples_hot_updated('keyvalue'::regclass);
- pg_stat_get_xact_tuples_hot_updated 
--------------------------------------
-                                   2
-(1 row)
-
-rollback;
-begin;
-create table keyvalue(id integer primary key, info jsonb);
-create index nameindex on keyvalue((info->>'name'));
-insert into keyvalue values (1, '{"name": "john", "data": "some data"}');
-update keyvalue set info='{"name": "john", "data": "some other data"}' where id=1;
-select pg_stat_get_xact_tuples_hot_updated('keyvalue'::regclass);
- pg_stat_get_xact_tuples_hot_updated 
--------------------------------------
-                                   1
-(1 row)
-
-update keyvalue set info='{"name": "smith", "data": "some other data"}' where id=1;
-select pg_stat_get_xact_tuples_hot_updated('keyvalue'::regclass);
- pg_stat_get_xact_tuples_hot_updated 
--------------------------------------
-                                   1
-(1 row)
-
-update keyvalue set info='{"name": "smith", "data": "some more data"}' where id=1;
-select pg_stat_get_xact_tuples_hot_updated('keyvalue'::regclass);
- pg_stat_get_xact_tuples_hot_updated 
--------------------------------------
-                                   2
-(1 row)
-
-rollback;

src/test/regress/parallel_schedule

@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ test: select_into select_distinct select_distinct_on select_implicit select_havi
 # ----------
 # Another group of parallel tests
 # ----------
-test: brin gin gist spgist privileges init_privs security_label collate matview lock replica_identity rowsecurity object_address tablesample groupingsets drop_operator password func_index
+test: brin gin gist spgist privileges init_privs security_label collate matview lock replica_identity rowsecurity object_address tablesample groupingsets drop_operator password
 
 # ----------
 # Another group of parallel tests

src/test/regress/serial_schedule

@@ -99,7 +99,6 @@ test: portals
 test: arrays
 test: btree_index
 test: hash_index
-test: func_index
 test: update
 test: delete
 test: namespace

src/test/regress/sql/func_index.sql

@@ -1,31 +0,0 @@
-begin;
-create table keyvalue(id integer primary key, info jsonb);
-create index nameindex on keyvalue((info->>'name')) with (recheck_on_update=false);
-insert into keyvalue values (1, '{"name": "john", "data": "some data"}');
-update keyvalue set info='{"name": "john", "data": "some other data"}' where id=1;
-select pg_stat_get_xact_tuples_hot_updated('keyvalue'::regclass);
-rollback;
-
-begin;
-create table keyvalue(id integer primary key, info jsonb);
-create index nameindex on keyvalue((info->>'name')) with (recheck_on_update=true);
-insert into keyvalue values (1, '{"name": "john", "data": "some data"}');
-update keyvalue set info='{"name": "john", "data": "some other data"}' where id=1;
-select pg_stat_get_xact_tuples_hot_updated('keyvalue'::regclass);
-update keyvalue set info='{"name": "smith", "data": "some other data"}' where id=1;
-select pg_stat_get_xact_tuples_hot_updated('keyvalue'::regclass);
-update keyvalue set info='{"name": "smith", "data": "some more data"}' where id=1;
-select pg_stat_get_xact_tuples_hot_updated('keyvalue'::regclass);
-rollback;
-
-begin;
-create table keyvalue(id integer primary key, info jsonb);
-create index nameindex on keyvalue((info->>'name'));
-insert into keyvalue values (1, '{"name": "john", "data": "some data"}');
-update keyvalue set info='{"name": "john", "data": "some other data"}' where id=1;
-select pg_stat_get_xact_tuples_hot_updated('keyvalue'::regclass);
-update keyvalue set info='{"name": "smith", "data": "some other data"}' where id=1;
-select pg_stat_get_xact_tuples_hot_updated('keyvalue'::regclass);
-update keyvalue set info='{"name": "smith", "data": "some more data"}' where id=1;
-select pg_stat_get_xact_tuples_hot_updated('keyvalue'::regclass);
-rollback;