mirror of
https://github.com/postgres/postgres.git
synced 2025-06-13 07:41:39 +03:00
Array mega-patch.
Joe Conway
This commit is contained in:
@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
|
||||
* Portions Copyright (c) 1994, Regents of the University of California
|
||||
*
|
||||
* IDENTIFICATION
|
||||
* $Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/src/backend/executor/nodeSubplan.c,v 1.47 2003/06/22 22:04:54 tgl Exp $
|
||||
* $Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/src/backend/executor/nodeSubplan.c,v 1.48 2003/06/24 23:14:43 momjian Exp $
|
||||
*
|
||||
*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
*/
|
||||
@ -28,23 +28,6 @@
|
||||
#include "utils/datum.h"
|
||||
#include "utils/lsyscache.h"
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
typedef struct ArrayBuildState
|
||||
{
|
||||
MemoryContext mcontext; /* where all the temp stuff is kept */
|
||||
Datum *dvalues; /* array of accumulated Datums */
|
||||
/*
|
||||
* The allocated size of dvalues[] is always a multiple of
|
||||
* ARRAY_ELEMS_CHUNKSIZE
|
||||
*/
|
||||
#define ARRAY_ELEMS_CHUNKSIZE 64
|
||||
int nelems; /* number of valid Datums in dvalues[] */
|
||||
Oid element_type; /* data type of the Datums */
|
||||
int16 typlen; /* needed info about datatype */
|
||||
bool typbyval;
|
||||
char typalign;
|
||||
} ArrayBuildState;
|
||||
|
||||
static Datum ExecHashSubPlan(SubPlanState *node,
|
||||
ExprContext *econtext,
|
||||
bool *isNull);
|
||||
@ -54,13 +37,6 @@ static Datum ExecScanSubPlan(SubPlanState *node,
|
||||
static void buildSubPlanHash(SubPlanState *node);
|
||||
static bool findPartialMatch(TupleHashTable hashtable, TupleTableSlot *slot);
|
||||
static bool tupleAllNulls(HeapTuple tuple);
|
||||
static ArrayBuildState *accumArrayResult(ArrayBuildState *astate,
|
||||
Datum dvalue, bool disnull,
|
||||
Oid element_type,
|
||||
MemoryContext rcontext);
|
||||
static Datum makeArrayResult(ArrayBuildState *astate,
|
||||
MemoryContext rcontext);
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
/* ----------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
* ExecSubPlan
|
||||
@ -224,6 +200,7 @@ ExecScanSubPlan(SubPlanState *node,
|
||||
PlanState *planstate = node->planstate;
|
||||
SubLinkType subLinkType = subplan->subLinkType;
|
||||
bool useOr = subplan->useOr;
|
||||
bool isExpr = subplan->isExpr;
|
||||
MemoryContext oldcontext;
|
||||
TupleTableSlot *slot;
|
||||
Datum result;
|
||||
@ -294,6 +271,11 @@ ExecScanSubPlan(SubPlanState *node,
|
||||
bool rownull = false;
|
||||
int col = 1;
|
||||
List *plst;
|
||||
int numelems;
|
||||
int elemnum;
|
||||
Datum dvalue;
|
||||
Datum *dvalues = NULL;
|
||||
bool disnull;
|
||||
|
||||
if (subLinkType == EXISTS_SUBLINK)
|
||||
{
|
||||
@ -331,9 +313,6 @@ ExecScanSubPlan(SubPlanState *node,
|
||||
|
||||
if (subLinkType == ARRAY_SUBLINK)
|
||||
{
|
||||
Datum dvalue;
|
||||
bool disnull;
|
||||
|
||||
found = true;
|
||||
/* stash away current value */
|
||||
dvalue = heap_getattr(tup, 1, tdesc, &disnull);
|
||||
@ -351,99 +330,164 @@ ExecScanSubPlan(SubPlanState *node,
|
||||
found = true;
|
||||
|
||||
/*
|
||||
* For ALL, ANY, and MULTIEXPR sublinks, iterate over combining
|
||||
* operators for columns of tuple.
|
||||
* When isExpr is true, we have either a scalar expression or an
|
||||
* array. In the former case, this is no different than the !isExpr
|
||||
* case. In the latter case, iterate over the elements as if they
|
||||
* were from multiple input tuples.
|
||||
*/
|
||||
plst = subplan->paramIds;
|
||||
foreach(lst, node->exprs)
|
||||
if (!isExpr)
|
||||
numelems = 1;
|
||||
else
|
||||
{
|
||||
ExprState *exprstate = (ExprState *) lfirst(lst);
|
||||
int paramid = lfirsti(plst);
|
||||
ParamExecData *prmdata;
|
||||
Datum expresult;
|
||||
bool expnull;
|
||||
Oid expr_typeid = tdesc->attrs[0]->atttypid;
|
||||
|
||||
/*
|
||||
* Load up the Param representing this column of the sub-select.
|
||||
*/
|
||||
prmdata = &(econtext->ecxt_param_exec_vals[paramid]);
|
||||
Assert(prmdata->execPlan == NULL);
|
||||
prmdata->value = heap_getattr(tup, col, tdesc,
|
||||
&(prmdata->isnull));
|
||||
|
||||
/*
|
||||
* Now we can eval the combining operator for this column.
|
||||
*/
|
||||
expresult = ExecEvalExprSwitchContext(exprstate, econtext,
|
||||
&expnull, NULL);
|
||||
|
||||
/*
|
||||
* Combine the result into the row result as appropriate.
|
||||
*/
|
||||
if (col == 1)
|
||||
if (expr_typeid != subplan->exprtype)
|
||||
{
|
||||
rowresult = expresult;
|
||||
rownull = expnull;
|
||||
subplan->exprtype = expr_typeid;
|
||||
subplan->elemtype = get_element_type(expr_typeid);
|
||||
|
||||
if (subplan->elemtype != InvalidOid)
|
||||
get_typlenbyvalalign(subplan->elemtype,
|
||||
&subplan->elmlen,
|
||||
&subplan->elmbyval,
|
||||
&subplan->elmalign);
|
||||
}
|
||||
else if (useOr)
|
||||
|
||||
/* get current value */
|
||||
dvalue = heap_getattr(tup, 1, tdesc, &disnull);
|
||||
|
||||
/* XXX this will need work if/when arrays support NULL elements */
|
||||
if (!disnull)
|
||||
{
|
||||
/* combine within row per OR semantics */
|
||||
if (expnull)
|
||||
rownull = true;
|
||||
else if (DatumGetBool(expresult))
|
||||
if (subplan->elemtype != InvalidOid)
|
||||
{
|
||||
rowresult = BoolGetDatum(true);
|
||||
rownull = false;
|
||||
break; /* needn't look at any more columns */
|
||||
ArrayType *v = DatumGetArrayTypeP(dvalue);
|
||||
|
||||
deconstruct_array(v, subplan->elemtype, subplan->elmlen,
|
||||
subplan->elmbyval, subplan->elmalign,
|
||||
&dvalues, &numelems);
|
||||
}
|
||||
else
|
||||
{
|
||||
numelems = 1;
|
||||
dvalues = (Datum *) palloc(numelems * sizeof(Datum));
|
||||
dvalues[0] = dvalue;
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
else
|
||||
{
|
||||
/* combine within row per AND semantics */
|
||||
if (expnull)
|
||||
rownull = true;
|
||||
else if (!DatumGetBool(expresult))
|
||||
numelems = 1;
|
||||
dvalues = (Datum *) palloc(numelems * sizeof(Datum));
|
||||
dvalues[0] = (Datum) 0;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
for (elemnum = 0; elemnum < numelems; elemnum++)
|
||||
{
|
||||
/*
|
||||
* For ALL, ANY, and MULTIEXPR sublinks, iterate over combining
|
||||
* operators for columns of tuple.
|
||||
*/
|
||||
col = 1;
|
||||
plst = subplan->paramIds;
|
||||
foreach(lst, node->exprs)
|
||||
{
|
||||
ExprState *exprstate = (ExprState *) lfirst(lst);
|
||||
int paramid = lfirsti(plst);
|
||||
ParamExecData *prmdata;
|
||||
Datum expresult;
|
||||
bool expnull;
|
||||
|
||||
/*
|
||||
* Load up the Param representing this column of the sub-select.
|
||||
*/
|
||||
prmdata = &(econtext->ecxt_param_exec_vals[paramid]);
|
||||
Assert(prmdata->execPlan == NULL);
|
||||
|
||||
if (!isExpr)
|
||||
prmdata->value = heap_getattr(tup, col, tdesc,
|
||||
&(prmdata->isnull));
|
||||
else
|
||||
{
|
||||
rowresult = BoolGetDatum(false);
|
||||
rownull = false;
|
||||
break; /* needn't look at any more columns */
|
||||
prmdata->value = dvalues[elemnum];
|
||||
prmdata->isnull = disnull;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/*
|
||||
* Now we can eval the combining operator for this column.
|
||||
*/
|
||||
expresult = ExecEvalExprSwitchContext(exprstate, econtext,
|
||||
&expnull, NULL);
|
||||
|
||||
/*
|
||||
* Combine the result into the row result as appropriate.
|
||||
*/
|
||||
if (col == 1)
|
||||
{
|
||||
rowresult = expresult;
|
||||
rownull = expnull;
|
||||
}
|
||||
else if (useOr)
|
||||
{
|
||||
/* combine within row per OR semantics */
|
||||
if (expnull)
|
||||
rownull = true;
|
||||
else if (DatumGetBool(expresult))
|
||||
{
|
||||
rowresult = BoolGetDatum(true);
|
||||
rownull = false;
|
||||
break; /* needn't look at any more columns */
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
else
|
||||
{
|
||||
/* combine within row per AND semantics */
|
||||
if (expnull)
|
||||
rownull = true;
|
||||
else if (!DatumGetBool(expresult))
|
||||
{
|
||||
rowresult = BoolGetDatum(false);
|
||||
rownull = false;
|
||||
break; /* needn't look at any more columns */
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
plst = lnext(plst);
|
||||
col++;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
if (subLinkType == ANY_SUBLINK)
|
||||
{
|
||||
/* combine across rows per OR semantics */
|
||||
if (rownull)
|
||||
*isNull = true;
|
||||
else if (DatumGetBool(rowresult))
|
||||
{
|
||||
result = BoolGetDatum(true);
|
||||
*isNull = false;
|
||||
break; /* needn't look at any more rows */
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
plst = lnext(plst);
|
||||
col++;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
if (subLinkType == ANY_SUBLINK)
|
||||
{
|
||||
/* combine across rows per OR semantics */
|
||||
if (rownull)
|
||||
*isNull = true;
|
||||
else if (DatumGetBool(rowresult))
|
||||
else if (subLinkType == ALL_SUBLINK)
|
||||
{
|
||||
result = BoolGetDatum(true);
|
||||
*isNull = false;
|
||||
break; /* needn't look at any more rows */
|
||||
/* combine across rows per AND semantics */
|
||||
if (rownull)
|
||||
*isNull = true;
|
||||
else if (!DatumGetBool(rowresult))
|
||||
{
|
||||
result = BoolGetDatum(false);
|
||||
*isNull = false;
|
||||
break; /* needn't look at any more rows */
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
else if (subLinkType == ALL_SUBLINK)
|
||||
{
|
||||
/* combine across rows per AND semantics */
|
||||
if (rownull)
|
||||
*isNull = true;
|
||||
else if (!DatumGetBool(rowresult))
|
||||
else
|
||||
{
|
||||
result = BoolGetDatum(false);
|
||||
*isNull = false;
|
||||
break; /* needn't look at any more rows */
|
||||
/* must be MULTIEXPR_SUBLINK */
|
||||
result = rowresult;
|
||||
*isNull = rownull;
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
else
|
||||
{
|
||||
/* must be MULTIEXPR_SUBLINK */
|
||||
result = rowresult;
|
||||
*isNull = rownull;
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
if (!found)
|
||||
@ -480,6 +524,7 @@ static void
|
||||
buildSubPlanHash(SubPlanState *node)
|
||||
{
|
||||
SubPlan *subplan = (SubPlan *) node->xprstate.expr;
|
||||
bool isExpr = subplan->isExpr;
|
||||
PlanState *planstate = node->planstate;
|
||||
int ncols = length(node->exprs);
|
||||
ExprContext *innerecontext = node->innerecontext;
|
||||
@ -487,6 +532,7 @@ buildSubPlanHash(SubPlanState *node)
|
||||
MemoryContext oldcontext;
|
||||
int nbuckets;
|
||||
TupleTableSlot *slot;
|
||||
TupleTableSlot *arrslot = NULL;
|
||||
|
||||
Assert(subplan->subLinkType == ANY_SUBLINK);
|
||||
Assert(!subplan->useOr);
|
||||
@ -566,43 +612,139 @@ buildSubPlanHash(SubPlanState *node)
|
||||
{
|
||||
HeapTuple tup = slot->val;
|
||||
TupleDesc tdesc = slot->ttc_tupleDescriptor;
|
||||
int col = 1;
|
||||
TupleDesc arrtdesc = NULL;
|
||||
List *plst;
|
||||
bool isnew;
|
||||
int numelems;
|
||||
int elemnum;
|
||||
Datum dvalue;
|
||||
Datum *dvalues = NULL;
|
||||
bool disnull;
|
||||
|
||||
/*
|
||||
* Load up the Params representing the raw sub-select outputs,
|
||||
* then form the projection tuple to store in the hashtable.
|
||||
* When isExpr is true, we have either a scalar expression or an
|
||||
* array. In the former case, this is no different than the !isExpr
|
||||
* case. In the latter case, iterate over the elements as if they
|
||||
* were from multiple input tuples.
|
||||
*/
|
||||
foreach(plst, subplan->paramIds)
|
||||
if (!isExpr)
|
||||
numelems = 1;
|
||||
else
|
||||
{
|
||||
int paramid = lfirsti(plst);
|
||||
ParamExecData *prmdata;
|
||||
Oid expr_typeid = tdesc->attrs[0]->atttypid;
|
||||
|
||||
prmdata = &(innerecontext->ecxt_param_exec_vals[paramid]);
|
||||
Assert(prmdata->execPlan == NULL);
|
||||
prmdata->value = heap_getattr(tup, col, tdesc,
|
||||
&(prmdata->isnull));
|
||||
col++;
|
||||
}
|
||||
slot = ExecProject(node->projRight, NULL);
|
||||
tup = slot->val;
|
||||
if (expr_typeid != subplan->exprtype)
|
||||
{
|
||||
subplan->exprtype = expr_typeid;
|
||||
subplan->elemtype = get_element_type(expr_typeid);
|
||||
|
||||
if (subplan->elemtype != InvalidOid)
|
||||
get_typlenbyvalalign(subplan->elemtype,
|
||||
&subplan->elmlen,
|
||||
&subplan->elmbyval,
|
||||
&subplan->elmalign);
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/* get current value */
|
||||
dvalue = heap_getattr(tup, 1, tdesc, &disnull);
|
||||
|
||||
if (subplan->elemtype != InvalidOid)
|
||||
{
|
||||
TupleTable tupleTable;
|
||||
ArrayType *v = DatumGetArrayTypeP(dvalue);
|
||||
|
||||
arrtdesc = CreateTemplateTupleDesc(1, false);
|
||||
TupleDescInitEntry(arrtdesc, 1, "elem", subplan->elemtype,
|
||||
-1, 0, false);
|
||||
|
||||
tupleTable = ExecCreateTupleTable(1);
|
||||
arrslot = ExecAllocTableSlot(tupleTable);
|
||||
ExecSetSlotDescriptor(arrslot, arrtdesc, true);
|
||||
|
||||
/* XXX this will need work if/when arrays support NULL elements */
|
||||
if (!disnull)
|
||||
{
|
||||
deconstruct_array(v, subplan->elemtype, subplan->elmlen,
|
||||
subplan->elmbyval, subplan->elmalign,
|
||||
&dvalues, &numelems);
|
||||
}
|
||||
else
|
||||
{
|
||||
numelems = 1;
|
||||
dvalues = (Datum *) palloc(numelems * sizeof(Datum));
|
||||
dvalues[0] = (Datum) 0;
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
else
|
||||
{
|
||||
numelems = 1;
|
||||
dvalues = (Datum *) palloc(numelems * sizeof(Datum));
|
||||
dvalues[0] = dvalue;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/*
|
||||
* If result contains any nulls, store separately or not at all.
|
||||
* (Since we know the projection tuple has no junk columns, we
|
||||
* can just look at the overall hasnull info bit, instead of
|
||||
* groveling through the columns.)
|
||||
*/
|
||||
if (HeapTupleNoNulls(tup))
|
||||
{
|
||||
(void) LookupTupleHashEntry(node->hashtable, slot, &isnew);
|
||||
node->havehashrows = true;
|
||||
}
|
||||
else if (node->hashnulls)
|
||||
|
||||
for (elemnum = 0; elemnum < numelems; elemnum++)
|
||||
{
|
||||
(void) LookupTupleHashEntry(node->hashnulls, slot, &isnew);
|
||||
node->havenullrows = true;
|
||||
int col = 1;
|
||||
|
||||
if (!isExpr || subplan->elemtype == InvalidOid)
|
||||
{
|
||||
/*
|
||||
* Load up the Params representing the raw sub-select outputs,
|
||||
* then form the projection tuple to store in the hashtable.
|
||||
*/
|
||||
foreach(plst, subplan->paramIds)
|
||||
{
|
||||
int paramid = lfirsti(plst);
|
||||
ParamExecData *prmdata;
|
||||
|
||||
prmdata = &(innerecontext->ecxt_param_exec_vals[paramid]);
|
||||
Assert(prmdata->execPlan == NULL);
|
||||
|
||||
prmdata->value = heap_getattr(tup, col, tdesc,
|
||||
&(prmdata->isnull));
|
||||
|
||||
col++;
|
||||
}
|
||||
slot = ExecProject(node->projRight, NULL);
|
||||
tup = slot->val;
|
||||
}
|
||||
else
|
||||
{
|
||||
/*
|
||||
* For array type expressions, we need to build up our own
|
||||
* tuple and slot
|
||||
*/
|
||||
char nullflag;
|
||||
|
||||
nullflag = disnull ? 'n' : ' ';
|
||||
tup = heap_formtuple(arrtdesc, &dvalues[elemnum], &nullflag);
|
||||
arrslot = ExecStoreTuple(tup, arrslot, InvalidBuffer, true);
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/*
|
||||
* If result contains any nulls, store separately or not at all.
|
||||
* (Since we know the projection tuple has no junk columns, we
|
||||
* can just look at the overall hasnull info bit, instead of
|
||||
* groveling through the columns.)
|
||||
*/
|
||||
if (HeapTupleNoNulls(tup))
|
||||
{
|
||||
if (!isExpr)
|
||||
(void) LookupTupleHashEntry(node->hashtable, slot, &isnew);
|
||||
else
|
||||
(void) LookupTupleHashEntry(node->hashtable, arrslot, &isnew);
|
||||
node->havehashrows = true;
|
||||
}
|
||||
else if (node->hashnulls)
|
||||
{
|
||||
if (!isExpr)
|
||||
(void) LookupTupleHashEntry(node->hashnulls, slot, &isnew);
|
||||
else
|
||||
(void) LookupTupleHashEntry(node->hashnulls, arrslot, &isnew);
|
||||
node->havenullrows = true;
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/*
|
||||
@ -619,6 +761,8 @@ buildSubPlanHash(SubPlanState *node)
|
||||
* have the potential for a double free attempt.
|
||||
*/
|
||||
ExecClearTuple(node->projRight->pi_slot);
|
||||
if (arrslot)
|
||||
ExecClearTuple(arrslot);
|
||||
|
||||
MemoryContextSwitchTo(oldcontext);
|
||||
}
|
||||
@ -1099,101 +1243,3 @@ ExecReScanSetParamPlan(SubPlanState *node, PlanState *parent)
|
||||
parent->chgParam = bms_add_member(parent->chgParam, paramid);
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/*
|
||||
* accumArrayResult - accumulate one (more) Datum for an ARRAY_SUBLINK
|
||||
*
|
||||
* astate is working state (NULL on first call)
|
||||
* rcontext is where to keep working state
|
||||
*/
|
||||
static ArrayBuildState *
|
||||
accumArrayResult(ArrayBuildState *astate,
|
||||
Datum dvalue, bool disnull,
|
||||
Oid element_type,
|
||||
MemoryContext rcontext)
|
||||
{
|
||||
MemoryContext arr_context,
|
||||
oldcontext;
|
||||
|
||||
if (astate == NULL)
|
||||
{
|
||||
/* First time through --- initialize */
|
||||
|
||||
/* Make a temporary context to hold all the junk */
|
||||
arr_context = AllocSetContextCreate(rcontext,
|
||||
"ARRAY_SUBLINK Result",
|
||||
ALLOCSET_DEFAULT_MINSIZE,
|
||||
ALLOCSET_DEFAULT_INITSIZE,
|
||||
ALLOCSET_DEFAULT_MAXSIZE);
|
||||
oldcontext = MemoryContextSwitchTo(arr_context);
|
||||
astate = (ArrayBuildState *) palloc(sizeof(ArrayBuildState));
|
||||
astate->mcontext = arr_context;
|
||||
astate->dvalues = (Datum *)
|
||||
palloc(ARRAY_ELEMS_CHUNKSIZE * sizeof(Datum));
|
||||
astate->nelems = 0;
|
||||
astate->element_type = element_type;
|
||||
get_typlenbyvalalign(element_type,
|
||||
&astate->typlen,
|
||||
&astate->typbyval,
|
||||
&astate->typalign);
|
||||
}
|
||||
else
|
||||
{
|
||||
oldcontext = MemoryContextSwitchTo(astate->mcontext);
|
||||
Assert(astate->element_type == element_type);
|
||||
/* enlarge dvalues[] if needed */
|
||||
if ((astate->nelems % ARRAY_ELEMS_CHUNKSIZE) == 0)
|
||||
astate->dvalues = (Datum *)
|
||||
repalloc(astate->dvalues,
|
||||
(astate->nelems + ARRAY_ELEMS_CHUNKSIZE) * sizeof(Datum));
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
if (disnull)
|
||||
elog(ERROR, "NULL elements not allowed in Arrays");
|
||||
|
||||
/* Use datumCopy to ensure pass-by-ref stuff is copied into mcontext */
|
||||
astate->dvalues[astate->nelems++] =
|
||||
datumCopy(dvalue, astate->typbyval, astate->typlen);
|
||||
|
||||
MemoryContextSwitchTo(oldcontext);
|
||||
|
||||
return astate;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/*
|
||||
* makeArrayResult - produce final result of ARRAY_SUBLINK
|
||||
*
|
||||
* astate is working state (not NULL)
|
||||
* rcontext is where to construct result
|
||||
*/
|
||||
static Datum
|
||||
makeArrayResult(ArrayBuildState *astate,
|
||||
MemoryContext rcontext)
|
||||
{
|
||||
ArrayType *result;
|
||||
int dims[1];
|
||||
int lbs[1];
|
||||
MemoryContext oldcontext;
|
||||
|
||||
/* Build the final array result in rcontext */
|
||||
oldcontext = MemoryContextSwitchTo(rcontext);
|
||||
|
||||
dims[0] = astate->nelems;
|
||||
lbs[0] = 1;
|
||||
|
||||
result = construct_md_array(astate->dvalues,
|
||||
1,
|
||||
dims,
|
||||
lbs,
|
||||
astate->element_type,
|
||||
astate->typlen,
|
||||
astate->typbyval,
|
||||
astate->typalign);
|
||||
|
||||
MemoryContextSwitchTo(oldcontext);
|
||||
|
||||
/* Clean up all the junk */
|
||||
MemoryContextDelete(astate->mcontext);
|
||||
|
||||
return PointerGetDatum(result);
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
Reference in New Issue
Block a user