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Clean up assorted failures under clang's -fsanitize=undefined checks.
Most of these are cases where we could call memcpy() or other libc
functions with a NULL pointer and a zero count, which is forbidden
by POSIX even though every production version of libc allows it.
We've fixed such things before in a piecemeal way, but apparently
never made an effort to try to get them all. I don't claim that
this patch does so either, but it gets every failure I observe in
check-world, using clang 12.0.1 on current RHEL8.
numeric.c has a different issue that the sanitizer doesn't like:
"ln(-1.0)" will compute log10(0) and then try to assign the
resulting -Inf to an integer variable. We don't actually use the
result in such a case, so there's no live bug.
Back-patch to all supported branches, with the idea that we might
start running a buildfarm member that tests this case. This includes
back-patching c1132aae3 (Check the size in COPY_POINTER_FIELD),
which previously silenced some of these issues in copyfuncs.c.
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CALNJ-vT9r0DSsAOw9OXVJFxLENoVS_68kJ5x0p44atoYH+H4dg@mail.gmail.com
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@@ -536,12 +536,14 @@ SetTransactionSnapshot(Snapshot sourcesnap, VirtualTransactionId *sourcevxid,
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CurrentSnapshot->xmax = sourcesnap->xmax;
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CurrentSnapshot->xcnt = sourcesnap->xcnt;
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Assert(sourcesnap->xcnt <= GetMaxSnapshotXidCount());
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memcpy(CurrentSnapshot->xip, sourcesnap->xip,
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sourcesnap->xcnt * sizeof(TransactionId));
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if (sourcesnap->xcnt > 0)
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memcpy(CurrentSnapshot->xip, sourcesnap->xip,
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sourcesnap->xcnt * sizeof(TransactionId));
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CurrentSnapshot->subxcnt = sourcesnap->subxcnt;
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Assert(sourcesnap->subxcnt <= GetMaxSnapshotSubxidCount());
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memcpy(CurrentSnapshot->subxip, sourcesnap->subxip,
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sourcesnap->subxcnt * sizeof(TransactionId));
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if (sourcesnap->subxcnt > 0)
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memcpy(CurrentSnapshot->subxip, sourcesnap->subxip,
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sourcesnap->subxcnt * sizeof(TransactionId));
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CurrentSnapshot->suboverflowed = sourcesnap->suboverflowed;
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CurrentSnapshot->takenDuringRecovery = sourcesnap->takenDuringRecovery;
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/* NB: curcid should NOT be copied, it's a local matter */
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