diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/config.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/config.sgml
index 46f870ca231..6890bd5f206 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/config.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/config.sgml
@@ -1469,12 +1469,12 @@ SET ENABLE_SEQSCAN TO OFF;
         </listitem>
         <listitem>
         <para>
-         <literal>fsync_writethrough</> (call <function>fsync()</> at each commit, forcing write-through of any disk write cache)
+         <literal>fsync</> (call <function>fsync()</> at each commit)
         </para>
         </listitem>
         <listitem>
         <para>
-         <literal>fsync</> (call <function>fsync()</> at each commit)
+         <literal>fsync_writethrough</> (call <function>fsync()</> at each commit, forcing write-through of any disk write cache)
         </para>
         </listitem>
         <listitem>
@@ -1484,10 +1484,11 @@ SET ENABLE_SEQSCAN TO OFF;
         </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
        <para>
-        Not all of these choices are available on all platforms.
         The <literal>open_</>* options also use <literal>O_DIRECT</> if available.
+        Not all of these choices are available on all platforms.
         The default is the first method in the above list that is supported
-        by the platform.  The default is not necessarily ideal; it might be
+        by the platform, except that <literal>fdatasync</> is the default on
+        Linux.  The default is not necessarily ideal; it might be
         necessary to change this setting or other aspects of your system
         configuration in order to create a crash-safe configuration or
         achieve optimal performance.
diff --git a/src/backend/storage/file/fd.c b/src/backend/storage/file/fd.c
index 008abc5e432..aeb5e0fb78b 100644
--- a/src/backend/storage/file/fd.c
+++ b/src/backend/storage/file/fd.c
@@ -247,12 +247,13 @@ static void RemovePgTempFilesInDir(const char *tmpdirname);
 int
 pg_fsync(int fd)
 {
-#ifndef HAVE_FSYNC_WRITETHROUGH_ONLY
-	if (sync_method != SYNC_METHOD_FSYNC_WRITETHROUGH)
-		return pg_fsync_no_writethrough(fd);
+	/* #if is to skip the sync_method test if there's no need for it */
+#if defined(HAVE_FSYNC_WRITETHROUGH) && !defined(FSYNC_WRITETHROUGH_IS_FSYNC)
+	if (sync_method == SYNC_METHOD_FSYNC_WRITETHROUGH)
+		return pg_fsync_writethrough(fd);
 	else
 #endif
-		return pg_fsync_writethrough(fd);
+		return pg_fsync_no_writethrough(fd);
 }
 
 
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/misc/postgresql.conf.sample b/src/backend/utils/misc/postgresql.conf.sample
index 4487b21c93d..abfbd097769 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/misc/postgresql.conf.sample
+++ b/src/backend/utils/misc/postgresql.conf.sample
@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@
 #wal_sync_method = fsync		# the default is the first option 
 					# supported by the operating system:
 					#   open_datasync
-					#   fdatasync
+					#   fdatasync (default on Linux)
 					#   fsync
 					#   fsync_writethrough
 					#   open_sync
diff --git a/src/include/access/xlogdefs.h b/src/include/access/xlogdefs.h
index 4129025d37d..e3a6e59b13b 100644
--- a/src/include/access/xlogdefs.h
+++ b/src/include/access/xlogdefs.h
@@ -108,7 +108,11 @@ typedef uint32 TimeLineID;
 #endif
 #endif
 
-#if defined(OPEN_DATASYNC_FLAG)
+#if defined(PLATFORM_DEFAULT_SYNC_METHOD)
+#define DEFAULT_SYNC_METHOD_STR	PLATFORM_DEFAULT_SYNC_METHOD_STR
+#define DEFAULT_SYNC_METHOD		PLATFORM_DEFAULT_SYNC_METHOD
+#define DEFAULT_SYNC_FLAGBIT	PLATFORM_DEFAULT_SYNC_FLAGBIT
+#elif defined(OPEN_DATASYNC_FLAG)
 #define DEFAULT_SYNC_METHOD_STR "open_datasync"
 #define DEFAULT_SYNC_METHOD		SYNC_METHOD_OPEN
 #define DEFAULT_SYNC_FLAGBIT	OPEN_DATASYNC_FLAG
@@ -116,10 +120,6 @@ typedef uint32 TimeLineID;
 #define DEFAULT_SYNC_METHOD_STR "fdatasync"
 #define DEFAULT_SYNC_METHOD		SYNC_METHOD_FDATASYNC
 #define DEFAULT_SYNC_FLAGBIT	0
-#elif defined(HAVE_FSYNC_WRITETHROUGH_ONLY)
-#define DEFAULT_SYNC_METHOD_STR "fsync_writethrough"
-#define DEFAULT_SYNC_METHOD		SYNC_METHOD_FSYNC_WRITETHROUGH
-#define DEFAULT_SYNC_FLAGBIT	0
 #else
 #define DEFAULT_SYNC_METHOD_STR "fsync"
 #define DEFAULT_SYNC_METHOD		SYNC_METHOD_FSYNC
diff --git a/src/include/port/linux.h b/src/include/port/linux.h
index 0f4432a4eff..629fe785df6 100644
--- a/src/include/port/linux.h
+++ b/src/include/port/linux.h
@@ -12,3 +12,13 @@
  * to have a kernel version test here.
  */
 #define HAVE_LINUX_EIDRM_BUG
+
+/*
+ * Set the default wal_sync_method to fdatasync.  With recent Linux versions,
+ * xlogdefs.h's normal rules will prefer open_datasync, which (a) doesn't
+ * perform better and (b) causes outright failures on ext4 data=journal
+ * filesystems, because those don't support O_DIRECT.
+ */
+#define PLATFORM_DEFAULT_SYNC_METHOD_STR "fdatasync"
+#define PLATFORM_DEFAULT_SYNC_METHOD	SYNC_METHOD_FDATASYNC
+#define PLATFORM_DEFAULT_SYNC_FLAGBIT	0
diff --git a/src/include/port/win32.h b/src/include/port/win32.h
index f374bd45f0e..1de7ff31c21 100644
--- a/src/include/port/win32.h
+++ b/src/include/port/win32.h
@@ -34,15 +34,19 @@
 /* Must be here to avoid conflicting with prototype in windows.h */
 #define mkdir(a,b)	mkdir(a)
 
-#define HAVE_FSYNC_WRITETHROUGH
-#define HAVE_FSYNC_WRITETHROUGH_ONLY
 #define ftruncate(a,b)	chsize(a,b)
-/*
- *	Even though we don't support 'fsync' as a wal_sync_method,
- *	we do fsync() a few other places where _commit() is just fine.
- */
+
+/* Windows doesn't have fsync() as such, use _commit() */
 #define fsync(fd) _commit(fd)
 
+/*
+ * For historical reasons, we allow setting wal_sync_method to
+ * fsync_writethrough on Windows, even though it's really identical to fsync
+ * (both code paths wind up at _commit()).
+ */
+#define HAVE_FSYNC_WRITETHROUGH
+#define FSYNC_WRITETHROUGH_IS_FSYNC
+
 #define USES_WINSOCK
 
 /*