diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/clusterdb.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/clusterdb.sgml
index 1573145b923..e0246b3bca2 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/clusterdb.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/clusterdb.sgml
@@ -23,16 +23,16 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
   <cmdsynopsis>
    <command>clusterdb</command>
    <arg rep="repeat"><replaceable>connection-option</replaceable></arg>
-   <group><arg>--verbose</arg><arg>-v</arg></group>
-   <arg>--table | -t <replaceable>table</replaceable> </arg>
+   <group><arg><option>--verbose</option></arg><arg><option>-v</option></arg></group>
+   <arg><group choice="plain"><arg><option>--table</option></arg><arg><option>-t</option></arg></group> <replaceable>table</replaceable> </arg>
    <arg><replaceable>dbname</replaceable></arg>
   </cmdsynopsis>
 
   <cmdsynopsis>
    <command>clusterdb</command>
    <arg rep="repeat"><replaceable>connection-option</replaceable></arg>
-   <group><arg>--verbose</arg><arg>-v</arg></group>
-   <group><arg>--all</arg><arg>-a</arg></group>
+   <group><arg><option>--verbose</option></arg><arg><option>-v</option></arg></group>
+   <group><arg><option>--all</option></arg><arg><option>-a</option></arg></group>
   </cmdsynopsis>
  </refsynopsisdiv>
 
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/createlang.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/createlang.sgml
index d28cfb772ab..4ca32fba39a 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/createlang.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/createlang.sgml
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
   <cmdsynopsis>
    <command>createlang</command>
    <arg rep="repeat"><replaceable>connection-option</replaceable></arg>
-   <group choice="plain"><arg>--list</arg><arg>-l</arg></group>
+   <group choice="plain"><arg><option>--list</option></arg><arg><option>-l</option></arg></group>
    <arg choice="plain"><replaceable>dbname</replaceable></arg>
   </cmdsynopsis>
  </refsynopsisdiv>
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/droplang.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/droplang.sgml
index e5d02aa236f..2bfdbfe8885 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/droplang.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/droplang.sgml
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
   <cmdsynopsis>
    <command>droplang</command>
    <arg rep="repeat"><replaceable>connection-option</replaceable></arg>
-   <group choice="plain"><arg>--list</arg><arg>-l</arg></group>
+   <group choice="plain"><arg><option>--list</option></arg><arg><option>-l</option></arg></group>
    <arg choice="plain"><replaceable>dbname</replaceable></arg>
   </cmdsynopsis>
  </refsynopsisdiv>
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/initdb.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/initdb.sgml
index 0090f49d9f5..092df33d100 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/initdb.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/initdb.sgml
@@ -24,9 +24,11 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
    <command>initdb</command>
    <arg rep="repeat"><replaceable>option</replaceable></arg>
    <group choice="plain">
-    <arg>--pgdata</arg>
-    <arg>-D </arg>
-    <replaceable>directory</replaceable>
+    <group choice="opt">
+     <arg><option>--pgdata</option></arg>
+     <arg><option>-D</option></arg>
+    </group>
+    <replaceable> directory</replaceable>
    </group>
   </cmdsynopsis>
  </refsynopsisdiv>
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pg_ctl-ref.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pg_ctl-ref.sgml
index 7e54b82c063..fcc34ecb967 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pg_ctl-ref.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pg_ctl-ref.sgml
@@ -22,109 +22,109 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  <refsynopsisdiv>
   <cmdsynopsis>
    <command>pg_ctl</command>
-   <arg choice="plain">init[db]</arg>
-   <arg>-s</arg>
-   <arg>-D <replaceable>datadir</replaceable></arg>
-   <arg>-o <replaceable>initdb-options</replaceable></arg>
+   <arg choice="plain"><option>init[db]</option></arg>
+   <arg><option>-s</option></arg>
+   <arg><option>-D</option> <replaceable>datadir</replaceable></arg>
+   <arg><option>-o</option> <replaceable>initdb-options</replaceable></arg>
   </cmdsynopsis>
 
   <cmdsynopsis>
    <command>pg_ctl</command>
-   <arg choice="plain">start</arg>
-   <arg>-w</arg>
-   <arg>-t <replaceable>seconds</replaceable></arg>
-   <arg>-s</arg>
-   <arg>-D <replaceable>datadir</replaceable></arg>
-   <arg>-l <replaceable>filename</replaceable></arg>
-   <arg>-o <replaceable>options</replaceable></arg>
-   <arg>-p <replaceable>path</replaceable></arg>
-   <arg>-c</arg>
+   <arg choice="plain"><option>start</option></arg>
+   <arg><option>-w</option></arg>
+   <arg><option>-t</option> <replaceable>seconds</replaceable></arg>
+   <arg><option>-s</option></arg>
+   <arg><option>-D</option> <replaceable>datadir</replaceable></arg>
+   <arg><option>-l</option> <replaceable>filename</replaceable></arg>
+   <arg><option>-o</option> <replaceable>options</replaceable></arg>
+   <arg><option>-p</option> <replaceable>path</replaceable></arg>
+   <arg><option>-c</option></arg>
   </cmdsynopsis>
 
   <cmdsynopsis>
    <command>pg_ctl</command>
-   <arg choice="plain">stop</arg>
-   <arg>-W</arg>
-   <arg>-t <replaceable>seconds</replaceable></arg>
-   <arg>-s</arg>
-   <arg>-D <replaceable>datadir</replaceable></arg>
-   <arg>-m
+   <arg choice="plain"><option>stop</option></arg>
+   <arg><option>-W</option></arg>
+   <arg><option>-t</option> <replaceable>seconds</replaceable></arg>
+   <arg><option>-s</option></arg>
+   <arg><option>-D</option> <replaceable>datadir</replaceable></arg>
+   <arg><option>-m</option>
      <group choice="plain">
-       <arg>s[mart]</arg>
-       <arg>f[ast]</arg>
-       <arg>i[mmediate]</arg>
+       <arg><option>s[mart]</option></arg>
+       <arg><option>f[ast]</option></arg>
+       <arg><option>i[mmediate]</option></arg>
      </group>
    </arg>
   </cmdsynopsis>
 
   <cmdsynopsis>
    <command>pg_ctl</command>
-   <arg choice="plain">restart</arg>
-   <arg>-w</arg>
-   <arg>-t <replaceable>seconds</replaceable></arg>
-   <arg>-s</arg>
-   <arg>-D <replaceable>datadir</replaceable></arg>
-   <arg>-c</arg>
-   <arg>-m
+   <arg choice="plain"><option>restart</option></arg>
+   <arg><option>-w</option></arg>
+   <arg><option>-t</option> <replaceable>seconds</replaceable></arg>
+   <arg><option>-s</option></arg>
+   <arg><option>-D</option> <replaceable>datadir</replaceable></arg>
+   <arg><option>-c</option></arg>
+   <arg><option>-m</option>
      <group choice="plain">
-       <arg>s[mart]</arg>
-       <arg>f[ast]</arg>
-       <arg>i[mmediate]</arg>
+       <arg><option>s[mart]</option></arg>
+       <arg><option>f[ast]</option></arg>
+       <arg><option>i[mmediate]</option></arg>
      </group>
    </arg>
-   <arg>-o <replaceable>options</replaceable></arg>
+   <arg><option>-o</option> <replaceable>options</replaceable></arg>
   </cmdsynopsis>
 
   <cmdsynopsis>
    <command>pg_ctl</command>
-   <arg choice="plain">reload</arg>
-   <arg>-s</arg>
-   <arg>-D <replaceable>datadir</replaceable></arg>
+   <arg choice="plain"><option>reload</option></arg>
+   <arg><option>-s</option></arg>
+   <arg><option>-D</option> <replaceable>datadir</replaceable></arg>
   </cmdsynopsis>
 
   <cmdsynopsis>
    <command>pg_ctl</command>
-   <arg choice="plain">status</arg>
-   <arg>-D <replaceable>datadir</replaceable></arg>
+   <arg choice="plain"><option>status</option></arg>
+   <arg><option>-D</option> <replaceable>datadir</replaceable></arg>
   </cmdsynopsis>
 
   <cmdsynopsis>
    <command>pg_ctl</command>
-   <arg choice="plain">promote</arg>
-   <arg>-s</arg>
-   <arg>-D <replaceable>datadir</replaceable></arg>
+   <arg choice="plain"><option>promote</option></arg>
+   <arg><option>-s</option></arg>
+   <arg><option>-D</option> <replaceable>datadir</replaceable></arg>
   </cmdsynopsis>
 
   <cmdsynopsis>
    <command>pg_ctl</command>
-   <arg choice="plain">kill</arg>
+   <arg choice="plain"><option>kill</option></arg>
    <arg choice="plain"><replaceable>signal_name</replaceable></arg>
    <arg choice="plain"><replaceable>process_id</replaceable></arg>
   </cmdsynopsis>
 
   <cmdsynopsis>
    <command>pg_ctl</command>
-   <arg choice="plain">register</arg>
-   <arg>-N <replaceable>servicename</replaceable></arg>
-   <arg>-U <replaceable>username</replaceable></arg>
-   <arg>-P <replaceable>password</replaceable></arg>
-   <arg>-D <replaceable>datadir</replaceable></arg>
-   <arg>-S
+   <arg choice="plain"><option>register</option></arg>
+   <arg><option>-N</option> <replaceable>servicename</replaceable></arg>
+   <arg><option>-U</option> <replaceable>username</replaceable></arg>
+   <arg><option>-P</option> <replaceable>password</replaceable></arg>
+   <arg><option>-D</option> <replaceable>datadir</replaceable></arg>
+   <arg><option>-S</option>
      <group choice="plain">
-       <arg>a[uto]</arg>
-       <arg>d[emand]</arg>
+       <arg><option>a[uto]</option></arg>
+       <arg><option>d[emand]</option></arg>
      </group>
    </arg>
-   <arg>-w</arg>
-   <arg>-t <replaceable>seconds</replaceable></arg>
-   <arg>-s</arg>
-   <arg>-o <replaceable>options</replaceable></arg>
+   <arg><option>-w</option></arg>
+   <arg><option>-t</option> <replaceable>seconds</replaceable></arg>
+   <arg><option>-s</option></arg>
+   <arg><option>-o</option> <replaceable>options</replaceable></arg>
   </cmdsynopsis>
 
   <cmdsynopsis>
    <command>pg_ctl</command>
-   <arg choice="plain">unregister</arg>
-   <arg>-N <replaceable>servicename</replaceable></arg>
+   <arg choice="plain"><option>unregister</option></arg>
+   <arg><option>-N</option> <replaceable>servicename</replaceable></arg>
   </cmdsynopsis>
  </refsynopsisdiv>
 
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pg_resetxlog.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pg_resetxlog.sgml
index 2ff1479b4e4..3a7dfb3c73e 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pg_resetxlog.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pg_resetxlog.sgml
@@ -22,14 +22,14 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  <refsynopsisdiv>
   <cmdsynopsis>
    <command>pg_resetxlog</command>
-   <arg>-f</arg>
-   <arg>-n</arg>
-   <arg>-o<replaceable class="parameter">oid</replaceable> </arg>
-   <arg>-x <replaceable class="parameter">xid</replaceable> </arg>
-   <arg>-e <replaceable class="parameter">xid_epoch</replaceable> </arg>
-   <arg>-m <replaceable class="parameter">mxid</replaceable> </arg>
-   <arg>-O <replaceable class="parameter">mxoff</replaceable> </arg>
-   <arg>-l <replaceable class="parameter">timelineid</replaceable>,<replaceable class="parameter">fileid</replaceable>,<replaceable class="parameter">seg</replaceable> </arg>
+   <arg><option>-f</option></arg>
+   <arg><option>-n</option></arg>
+   <arg><option>-o</option> <replaceable class="parameter">oid</replaceable></arg>
+   <arg><option>-x</option> <replaceable class="parameter">xid</replaceable></arg>
+   <arg><option>-e</option> <replaceable class="parameter">xid_epoch</replaceable></arg>
+   <arg><option>-m</option> <replaceable class="parameter">mxid</replaceable></arg>
+   <arg><option>-O</option> <replaceable class="parameter">mxoff</replaceable></arg>
+   <arg><option>-l</option> <replaceable class="parameter">timelineid</replaceable>,<replaceable class="parameter">fileid</replaceable>,<replaceable class="parameter">seg</replaceable></arg>
    <arg choice="plain"><replaceable>datadir</replaceable></arg>
   </cmdsynopsis>
  </refsynopsisdiv>
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/reindexdb.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/reindexdb.sgml
index 9caaa952668..526fd768178 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/reindexdb.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/reindexdb.sgml
@@ -23,21 +23,39 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
   <cmdsynopsis>
    <command>reindexdb</command>
    <arg rep="repeat"><replaceable>connection-option</replaceable></arg>
-   <arg>--table | -t <replaceable>table</replaceable> </arg>
-   <arg>--index | -i <replaceable>index</replaceable> </arg>
+   <group choice="opt">
+    <group choice="plain">
+     <arg><option>--table</option></arg>
+     <arg><option>-t</option></arg>
+    </group>
+    <replaceable>table</replaceable>
+   </group>
+   <group choice="opt">
+    <group choice="plain">
+     <arg><option>--index</option></arg>
+     <arg><option>-i</option></arg>
+    </group>
+    <replaceable>index</replaceable>
+   </group>
    <arg><replaceable>dbname</replaceable></arg>
   </cmdsynopsis>
 
   <cmdsynopsis>
    <command>reindexdb</command>
    <arg rep="repeat"><replaceable>connection-option</replaceable></arg>
-   <arg>--all | -a</arg>
+   <group choice="plain">
+    <arg><option>--all</option></arg>
+    <arg><option>-a</option></arg>
+   </group>
   </cmdsynopsis>
 
   <cmdsynopsis>
    <command>reindexdb</command>
    <arg rep="repeat"><replaceable>connection-option</replaceable></arg>
-   <arg>--system | -s</arg>
+   <group choice="plain">
+    <arg><option>--system</option></arg>
+    <arg><option>-s</option></arg>
+   </group>
    <arg><replaceable>dbname</replaceable></arg>
   </cmdsynopsis>
  </refsynopsisdiv>
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/vacuumdb.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/vacuumdb.sgml
index 89d634747dd..c008611a5af 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/vacuumdb.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/vacuumdb.sgml
@@ -23,12 +23,13 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
   <cmdsynopsis>
    <command>vacuumdb</command>
    <arg rep="repeat"><replaceable>connection-option</replaceable></arg>
-   <group><arg>--full</arg><arg>-f</arg></group>
-   <group><arg>--freeze</arg><arg>-F</arg></group>
-   <group><arg>--verbose</arg><arg>-v</arg></group>
-   <group><arg>--analyze</arg><arg>-z</arg></group>
-   <group><arg>--analyze-only</arg><arg>-Z</arg></group>
-   <arg>--table | -t <replaceable>table</replaceable>
+   <arg rep="repeat"><replaceable>option</replaceable></arg>
+   <arg>
+    <group choice="plain">
+     <arg><option>--table</option></arg>
+     <arg><option>-t</option></arg>
+    </group>
+    <replaceable>table</replaceable>
     <arg>( <replaceable class="parameter">column</replaceable> [,...] )</arg>
    </arg>
    <arg><replaceable>dbname</replaceable></arg>
@@ -37,12 +38,11 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
   <cmdsynopsis>
    <command>vacuumdb</command>
    <arg rep="repeat"><replaceable>connection-option</replaceable></arg>
-   <group><arg>--full</arg><arg>-f</arg></group>
-   <group><arg>--freeze</arg><arg>-F</arg></group>
-   <group><arg>--verbose</arg><arg>-v</arg></group>
-   <group><arg>--analyze</arg><arg>-z</arg></group>
-   <group><arg>--analyze-only</arg><arg>-Z</arg></group>
-   <group><arg>--all</arg><arg>-a</arg></group>
+   <arg rep="repeat"><replaceable>option</replaceable></arg>
+   <group choice="plain">
+    <arg><option>--all</option></arg>
+    <arg><option>-a</option></arg>
+   </group>
   </cmdsynopsis>
  </refsynopsisdiv>