diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml
index db40c47077d..8dc8d7a0cec 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml
@@ -1741,8 +1741,8 @@ ALTER TABLE products RENAME TO items;
ALTER TABLE table_name OWNER TO new_owner;
Superusers can always do this; ordinary roles can only do it if they are
- both the current owner of the object (or a member of the owning role) and
- a member of the new owning role.
+ both the current owner of the object (or inherit the privileges of the
+ owning role) and able to SET ROLE to the new owning role.
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_aggregate.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_aggregate.sgml
index aee10a5ca2e..d0a39ba7b5e 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_aggregate.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_aggregate.sgml
@@ -46,9 +46,10 @@ ALTER AGGREGATE name ( aggregate_signatu
You must own the aggregate function to use ALTER AGGREGATE.
To change the schema of an aggregate function, you must also have
CREATE privilege on the new schema.
- To alter the owner, you must also be a direct or indirect member of the new
- owning role, and that role must have CREATE privilege on
- the aggregate function's schema. (These restrictions enforce that altering
+ To alter the owner, you must be able to SET ROLE to the
+ new owning role, and that role must have CREATE
+ privilege on the aggregate function's schema.
+ (These restrictions enforce that altering
the owner doesn't do anything you couldn't do by dropping and recreating
the aggregate function. However, a superuser can alter ownership of any
aggregate function anyway.)
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_collation.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_collation.sgml
index a8c831d7286..a40a31442a8 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_collation.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_collation.sgml
@@ -39,9 +39,10 @@ ALTER COLLATION name SET SCHEMA new_sche
You must own the collation to use ALTER COLLATION.
- To alter the owner, you must also be a direct or indirect member of the new
- owning role, and that role must have CREATE privilege on
- the collation's schema. (These restrictions enforce that altering the
+ To alter the owner, you must be able to SET ROLE to the
+ new owning role, and that role must have CREATE
+ privilege on the collation's schema.
+ (These restrictions enforce that altering the
owner doesn't do anything you couldn't do by dropping and recreating the
collation. However, a superuser can alter ownership of any collation
anyway.)
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_conversion.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_conversion.sgml
index a128f20f3e8..5c7cc978eef 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_conversion.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_conversion.sgml
@@ -37,9 +37,10 @@ ALTER CONVERSION name SET SCHEMA new_sch
You must own the conversion to use ALTER CONVERSION.
- To alter the owner, you must also be a direct or indirect member of the new
- owning role, and that role must have CREATE privilege on
- the conversion's schema. (These restrictions enforce that altering the
+ To alter the owner, you must be able to SET ROLE to the
+ new owning role, and that role must have CREATE
+ privilege on the conversion's schema.
+ (These restrictions enforce that altering the
owner doesn't do anything you couldn't do by dropping and recreating the
conversion. However, a superuser can alter ownership of any conversion
anyway.)
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_database.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_database.sgml
index 0962f32e134..5144e1f4ea4 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_database.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_database.sgml
@@ -68,8 +68,8 @@ ALTER DATABASE name RESET ALL
The third form changes the owner of the database.
- To alter the owner, you must own the database and also be a direct or
- indirect member of the new owning role, and you must have the
+ To alter the owner, you must be able to SET ROLE to the
+ new owning role, and you must have the
CREATEDB privilege.
(Note that superusers have all these privileges automatically.)
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_domain.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_domain.sgml
index 2db53725139..f6704d7557a 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_domain.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_domain.sgml
@@ -157,9 +157,9 @@ ALTER DOMAIN name
You must own the domain to use ALTER DOMAIN.
To change the schema of a domain, you must also have
CREATE privilege on the new schema.
- To alter the owner, you must also be a direct or indirect member of the new
- owning role, and that role must have CREATE privilege on
- the domain's schema. (These restrictions enforce that altering the owner
+ To alter the owner, you must be able to SET ROLE to the
+ new owning role, and that role must have CREATE privilege
+ on the domain's schema. (These restrictions enforce that altering the owner
doesn't do anything you couldn't do by dropping and recreating the domain.
However, a superuser can alter ownership of any domain anyway.)
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_foreign_table.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_foreign_table.sgml
index d056dc1bb13..0f4191713ae 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_foreign_table.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_foreign_table.sgml
@@ -320,9 +320,9 @@ ALTER FOREIGN TABLE [ IF EXISTS ] nameALTER FOREIGN TABLE.
To change the schema of a foreign table, you must also have
CREATE privilege on the new schema.
- To alter the owner, you must also be a direct or indirect member of the new
- owning role, and that role must have CREATE privilege on
- the table's schema. (These restrictions enforce that altering the owner
+ To alter the owner, you must be able to SET ROLE to the
+ new owning role, and that role must have CREATE privilege
+ on the table's schema. (These restrictions enforce that altering the owner
doesn't do anything you couldn't do by dropping and recreating the table.
However, a superuser can alter ownership of any table anyway.)
To add a column or alter a column type, you must also
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_function.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_function.sgml
index 2e8e1162d82..8193b17f255 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_function.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_function.sgml
@@ -60,9 +60,9 @@ ALTER FUNCTION name [ ( [ [ large_object_oid
You must own the large object to use ALTER LARGE OBJECT.
- To alter the owner, you must also be a direct or indirect member of the new
- owning role. (However, a superuser can alter any large object anyway.)
+ To alter the owner, you must also be able to SET ROLE to
+ the new owning role.
+ (However, a superuser can alter any large object anyway.)
Currently, the only functionality is to assign a new owner, so both
restrictions always apply.
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_materialized_view.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_materialized_view.sgml
index 040ae53f982..da7ed045974 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_materialized_view.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_materialized_view.sgml
@@ -63,9 +63,10 @@ ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW ALL IN TABLESPACE nameALTER MATERIALIZED
VIEW. To change a materialized view's schema, you must also have
CREATE privilege on the new schema.
- To alter the owner, you must also be a direct or indirect member of the new
- owning role, and that role must have CREATE privilege on
- the materialized view's schema. (These restrictions enforce that altering
+ To alter the owner, you must be able to SET ROLE to the
+ new owning role, and that role must have CREATE
+ privilege on the materialized view's schema.
+ (These restrictions enforce that altering
the owner doesn't do anything you couldn't do by dropping and recreating the
materialized view. However, a superuser can alter ownership of any view
anyway.)
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_opclass.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_opclass.sgml
index b1db459b113..231597d629f 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_opclass.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_opclass.sgml
@@ -42,9 +42,10 @@ ALTER OPERATOR CLASS name USING ALTER PROCEDURE.
To change a procedure's schema, you must also have CREATE
privilege on the new schema.
- To alter the owner, you must also be a direct or indirect member of the new
- owning role, and that role must have CREATE privilege on
- the procedure's schema. (These restrictions enforce that altering the owner
+ To alter the owner, you must be able to SET ROLE to the
+ new owning role, and that role must have CREATE
+ privilege on the procedure's schema.
+ (These restrictions enforce that altering the owner
doesn't do anything you couldn't do by dropping and recreating the procedure.
However, a superuser can alter ownership of any procedure anyway.)
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_publication.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_publication.sgml
index c84b11f47a7..cd20868bca9 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_publication.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_publication.sgml
@@ -75,10 +75,12 @@ ALTER PUBLICATION name RENAME TO ADD TABLES IN SCHEMA and
SET TABLES IN SCHEMA to a publication requires the
- invoking user to be a superuser. To alter the owner, you must also be a
- direct or indirect member of the new owning role. The new owner must have
- CREATE privilege on the database. Also, the new owner
- of a FOR ALL TABLES or FOR TABLES IN SCHEMA
+ invoking user to be a superuser.
+ To alter the owner, you must be able to SET ROLE to the
+ new owning role, and that role must have CREATE
+ privilege on the database.
+ Also, the new owner of a FOR ALL TABLES or
+ FOR TABLES IN SCHEMA
publication must be a superuser. However, a superuser can
change the ownership of a publication regardless of these restrictions.
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_schema.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_schema.sgml
index 04624c5a5eb..b8ace0561fb 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_schema.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_schema.sgml
@@ -37,8 +37,8 @@ ALTER SCHEMA name OWNER TO { new_owner
You must own the schema to use ALTER SCHEMA.
To rename a schema you must also have the
CREATE privilege for the database.
- To alter the owner, you must also be a direct or
- indirect member of the new owning role, and you must have the
+ To alter the owner, you must be able to SET ROLE to the
+ new owning role, and that role must have the
CREATE privilege for the database.
(Note that superusers have all these privileges automatically.)
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_sequence.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_sequence.sgml
index 148085d4f20..7be36cf466d 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_sequence.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_sequence.sgml
@@ -51,9 +51,10 @@ ALTER SEQUENCE [ IF EXISTS ] name S
You must own the sequence to use ALTER SEQUENCE.
To change a sequence's schema, you must also have CREATE
privilege on the new schema.
- To alter the owner, you must also be a direct or indirect member of the new
- owning role, and that role must have CREATE privilege on
- the sequence's schema. (These restrictions enforce that altering the owner
+ To alter the owner, you must be able to SET ROLE to the
+ new owning role, and that role must have CREATE
+ privilege on the sequence's schema.
+ (These restrictions enforce that altering the owner
doesn't do anything you couldn't do by dropping and recreating the sequence.
However, a superuser can alter ownership of any sequence anyway.)
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_server.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_server.sgml
index 186f38b5f82..467bf855895 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_server.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_server.sgml
@@ -40,8 +40,8 @@ ALTER SERVER name RENAME TO
To alter the server you must be the owner of the server.
- Additionally to alter the owner, you must own the server and also
- be a direct or indirect member of the new owning role, and you must
+ Additionally to alter the owner, you must be able to
+ SET ROLE to the new owning role, and you must
have USAGE privilege on the server's foreign-data
wrapper. (Note that superusers satisfy all these criteria
automatically.)
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_statistics.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_statistics.sgml
index ce6cdf2bb1e..73cc9e830de 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_statistics.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_statistics.sgml
@@ -43,9 +43,10 @@ ALTER STATISTICS name SET STATISTIC
You must own the statistics object to use ALTER STATISTICS.
To change a statistics object's schema, you must also
have CREATE privilege on the new schema.
- To alter the owner, you must also be a direct or indirect member of the new
- owning role, and that role must have CREATE privilege on
- the statistics object's schema. (These restrictions enforce that altering
+ To alter the owner, you must be able to SET ROLE to the
+ new owning role, and that role must have CREATE
+ privilege on the statistics object's schema.
+ (These restrictions enforce that altering
the owner doesn't do anything you couldn't do by dropping and recreating
the statistics object. However, a superuser can alter ownership of any
statistics object anyway.)
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_subscription.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_subscription.sgml
index 1e8d72062b3..ad93553a1d5 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_subscription.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_subscription.sgml
@@ -46,8 +46,8 @@ ALTER SUBSCRIPTION name RENAME TO <
You must own the subscription to use ALTER SUBSCRIPTION.
- To alter the owner, you must also be a direct or indirect member of the
- new owning role. The new owner has to be a superuser.
+ To alter the owner, you must be able to SET ROLE to the
+ new owning role. The new owner has to be a superuser.
(Currently, all subscription owners must be superusers, so the owner checks
will be bypassed in practice. But this might change in the future.)
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_table.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_table.sgml
index 794e886f961..9aaa32a782c 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_table.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_table.sgml
@@ -1106,9 +1106,10 @@ WITH ( MODULUS numeric_literal, REM
To add the table as a new child of a parent table, you must own the parent
table as well. Also, to attach a table as a new partition of the table,
you must own the table being attached.
- To alter the owner, you must also be a direct or indirect member of the new
- owning role, and that role must have CREATE privilege on
- the table's schema. (These restrictions enforce that altering the owner
+ To alter the owner, you must be able to SET ROLE to the
+ new owning role, and that role must have CREATE
+ privilege on the table's schema.
+ (These restrictions enforce that altering the owner
doesn't do anything you couldn't do by dropping and recreating the table.
However, a superuser can alter ownership of any table anyway.)
To add a column or alter a column type or use the OF
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_tablespace.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_tablespace.sgml
index 6de80746d56..6ec863400d1 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_tablespace.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_tablespace.sgml
@@ -38,8 +38,8 @@ ALTER TABLESPACE name RESET ( name SET ( ALTER TYPE.
To change the schema of a type, you must also have
CREATE privilege on the new schema.
- To alter the owner, you must also be a direct or indirect member of the new
- owning role, and that role must have CREATE privilege on
- the type's schema. (These restrictions enforce that altering the owner
+ To alter the owner, you must be able to SET ROLE to the
+ new owning role, and that role must have CREATE
+ privilege on the type's schema.
+ (These restrictions enforce that altering the owner
doesn't do anything you couldn't do by dropping and recreating the type.
However, a superuser can alter ownership of any type anyway.)
To add an attribute or alter an attribute type, you must also
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_view.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_view.sgml
index 8bdc90a5a1c..afbb3d02c7b 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_view.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_view.sgml
@@ -45,9 +45,10 @@ ALTER VIEW [ IF EXISTS ] name RESET
You must own the view to use ALTER VIEW.
To change a view's schema, you must also have CREATE
privilege on the new schema.
- To alter the owner, you must also be a direct or indirect member of the new
- owning role, and that role must have CREATE privilege on
- the view's schema. (These restrictions enforce that altering the owner
+ To alter the owner, you must be able to SET ROLE to the
+ new owning role, and that role must have CREATE
+ privilege on the view's schema.
+ (These restrictions enforce that altering the owner
doesn't do anything you couldn't do by dropping and recreating the view.
However, a superuser can alter ownership of any view anyway.)
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_database.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_database.sgml
index 2f034e2859e..f3df2def864 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_database.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_database.sgml
@@ -89,8 +89,8 @@ CREATE DATABASE name
The role name of the user who will own the new database,
or DEFAULT to use the default (namely, the
user executing the command). To create a database owned by another
- role, you must be a direct or indirect member of that role,
- or be a superuser.
+ role, you must must be able to SET ROLE to that
+ role.
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_schema.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_schema.sgml
index 3c2dddb1631..04b0c28731e 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_schema.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_schema.sgml
@@ -89,8 +89,8 @@ CREATE SCHEMA IF NOT EXISTS AUTHORIZATION role_sp
The role name of the user who will own the new schema. If omitted,
defaults to the user executing the command. To create a schema
- owned by another role, you must be a direct or indirect member of
- that role, or be a superuser.
+ owned by another role, you must must be able to
+ SET ROLE to that role.
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/grant.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/grant.sgml
index 85f5f42ea6e..35bf0332c8f 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/grant.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/grant.sgml
@@ -298,6 +298,20 @@ GRANT role_name [, ...] TO TRUE.
+
+ To create an object owned by another role or give ownership of an existing
+ object to another role, you must have the ability to SET
+ ROLE to that role; otherwise, commands such as ALTER
+ ... OWNER TO or CREATE DATABASE ... OWNER
+ will fail. However, a user who inherits the privileges of a role but does
+ not have the ability to SET ROLE to that role may be
+ able to obtain full access to the role by manipulating existing objects
+ owned by that role (e.g. they could redefine an existing function to act
+ as a Trojan horse). Therefore, if a role's privileges are to be inherited
+ but should not be accessible via SET ROLE, it should not
+ own any SQL objects.
+
+
If GRANTED BY is specified, the grant is recorded as
having been done by the specified role. A user can only attribute a grant