Fix typos in comments, code and documentation

While on it, newlines are removed from the end of two elog() strings.
The others are simple grammar mistakes.  One comment in pg_upgrade
referred incorrectly to sequences since a7e5457.

Author: Justin Pryzby
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20221230231257.GI1153@telsasoft.com
Backpatch-through: 11

.cirrus.yml

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ env:
   CONTAINER_REPO: us-docker.pkg.dev/${GCP_PROJECT}/ci
 
   # The lower depth accelerates git clone. Use a bit of depth so that
-  # concurrent tasks and retrying older jobs has a chance of working.
+  # concurrent tasks and retrying older jobs have a chance of working.
   CIRRUS_CLONE_DEPTH: 500
   # Useful to be able to analyse what in a script takes long
   CIRRUS_LOG_TIMESTAMP: true
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ on_failure_meson: &on_failure_meson
 
   # In theory it'd be nice to upload the junit files meson generates, so that
   # cirrus will nicely annotate the commit. Unfortunately the files don't
-  # contain identifieable file + line numbers right now, so the annotations
+  # contain identifiable file + line numbers right now, so the annotations
   # don't end up useful. We could probably improve on that with a some custom
   # conversion script, but ...
   meson_log_artifacts:
@@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ task:
 
   ccache_cache:
     folder: $CCACHE_DIR
-  # Workaround around performance issues due to 32KB block size
+  # Work around performance issues due to 32KB block size
   repartition_script: src/tools/ci/gcp_freebsd_repartition.sh
   create_user_script: |
     pw useradd postgres
@@ -251,7 +251,7 @@ task:
     DEBUGINFOD_URLS: "https://debuginfod.debian.net"
 
     # Enable a reasonable set of sanitizers. Use the linux task for that, as
-    # it one of the fastest tasks (without sanitizers). Also several of the
+    # it's one of the fastest tasks (without sanitizers). Also several of the
     # sanitizers work best on linux.
     #
     # The overhead of alignment sanitizer is low, undefined behaviour has
@@ -600,7 +600,7 @@ task:
     CCACHE_MAXSIZE: "500M"
     CCACHE_SLOPPINESS: pch_defines,time_macros
     CCACHE_DEPEND: 1
-    # for some reason mingw plpython cannot find it's installation without this
+    # for some reason mingw plpython cannot find its installation without this
     PYTHONHOME: C:/msys64/ucrt64
     # prevents MSYS bash from resetting error mode
     MSYS: winjitdebug

doc/src/sgml/auto-explain.sgml

@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ LOAD 'auto_explain';
     <listitem>
      <para>
       <varname>auto_explain.log_parameter_max_length</varname> controls the
-      logging of query parameter values. A value of<literal>-1</literal> (the
+      logging of query parameter values. A value of <literal>-1</literal> (the
       default) logs the parameter values in full. <literal>0</literal> disables
       logging of parameter values. A value greater than zero truncates each
       parameter value to that many bytes. Only superusers can change this

doc/src/sgml/parallel.sgml

@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ EXPLAIN SELECT * FROM pgbench_accounts WHERE filler LIKE '%x%';
 
   <para>
     In addition, the system must not be running in single-user mode.  Since
-    the entire database system is running in single process in this situation,
+    the entire database system is running as a single process in this situation,
     no background workers will be available.
   </para>
 

doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_table.sgml

@@ -1005,7 +1005,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM
       constraint. This does not work, however, if any of the partition keys
       is an expression and the partition does not accept
       <literal>NULL</literal> values. If attaching a list partition that will
-      not accept <literal>NULL</literal> values, also add
+      not accept <literal>NULL</literal> values, also add a
       <literal>NOT NULL</literal> constraint to the partition key column,
       unless it's an expression.
      </para>
@@ -1377,7 +1377,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM
     type or an unconstrained domain over the new type, a table rewrite is not
     needed. However, indexes must always be rebuilt unless the system can
     verify that the new index would be logically equivalent to the existing
-    one.  For example, if the collation for a column has been changed an index
+    one.  For example, if the collation for a column has been changed, an index
     rebuild is always required because the new sort order might be different.
     However, in the absence of a collation change, a column can be changed
     from <type>text</type> to <type>varchar</type> (or vice versa) without

doc/src/sgml/ref/create_subscription.sgml

@@ -383,7 +383,7 @@ CREATE SUBSCRIPTION <replaceable class="parameter">subscription_name</replaceabl
    <literal>FOR TABLES IN SCHEMA</literal>, rows are always published
    regardless of the definition of the other expressions.
    If the subscriber is a <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> version before
-   15 then any row filtering is ignored during the initial data synchronization
+   15, then any row filtering is ignored during the initial data synchronization
    phase. For this case, the user might want to consider deleting any initially
    copied data that would be incompatible with subsequent filtering.
    Because initial data synchronization does not take into account the publication

doc/src/sgml/ref/grant.sgml

@@ -253,7 +253,7 @@ GRANT <replaceable class="parameter">role_name</replaceable> [, ...] TO <replace
    in a role to one or more other roles.  Membership in a role is significant
    because it potentially allows access to the privileges granted to a role
    to each of its members, and potentially also the ability to make changes
-   to the role itself. However, the actual permisions conferred depend on
+   to the role itself. However, the actual permissions conferred depend on
    the options associated with the grant.
   </para>
 

doc/src/sgml/sources.sgml

@@ -935,8 +935,8 @@ BETTER: unrecognized node type: 42
    <simplesect>
     <title>Function-Like Macros and Inline Functions</title>
     <para>
-     Both, macros with arguments and <literal>static inline</literal>
+     Both macros with arguments and <literal>static inline</literal>
-     functions, may be used. The latter are preferable if there are
+     functions may be used. The latter are preferable if there are
      multiple-evaluation hazards when written as a macro, as e.g., the
      case with
 <programlisting>

doc/src/sgml/syntax.sgml

@@ -722,7 +722,7 @@ $function$
 
     <note>
      <para>
-      Nondecimal integer constants are currently only supported in the range
+      Non-decimal integer constants are currently only supported in the range
       of the <type>bigint</type> type (see <xref
       linkend="datatype-numeric-table"/>).
      </para>

meson.build

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ project('postgresql',
     'buildtype=release',
     # For compatibility with the autoconf build, set a default prefix. This
     # works even on windows, where it's a drive-relative path (i.e. when on
-    # d:/sompath it'll install to d:/usr/local/pgsql)
+    # d:/somepath it'll install to d:/usr/local/pgsql)
     'prefix=/usr/local/pgsql',
   ]
 )
@@ -1078,7 +1078,7 @@ if not get_option('readline').disabled()
 
     if not at_least_one_header_found
       error('''readline header not found
-If you have @0@ already installed, see see meson-log/meson-log.txt for details on the
+If you have @0@ already installed, see meson-log/meson-log.txt for details on the
 failure. It is possible the compiler isn't looking in the proper directory.
 Use -Dreadline=false to disable readline support.'''.format(readline_dep))
     endif

src/backend/access/common/bufmask.c

@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ mask_unused_space(Page page)
 	if (pd_lower > pd_upper || pd_special < pd_upper ||
 		pd_lower < SizeOfPageHeaderData || pd_special > BLCKSZ)
 	{
-		elog(ERROR, "invalid page pd_lower %u pd_upper %u pd_special %u\n",
+		elog(ERROR, "invalid page pd_lower %u pd_upper %u pd_special %u",
 			 pd_lower, pd_upper, pd_special);
 	}
 

src/backend/access/spgist/spgutils.c

@@ -1301,7 +1301,7 @@ spgproperty(Oid index_oid, int attno,
 	/*
 	 * Currently, SP-GiST distance-ordered scans require that there be a
 	 * distance operator in the opclass with the default types. So we assume
-	 * that if such a operator exists, then there's a reason for it.
+	 * that if such an operator exists, then there's a reason for it.
 	 */
 
 	/* First we need to know the column's opclass. */

src/backend/jit/llvm/llvmjit.c

@@ -816,7 +816,7 @@ llvm_session_initialize(void)
 
 	if (LLVMGetTargetFromTriple(llvm_triple, &llvm_targetref, &error) != 0)
 	{
-		elog(FATAL, "failed to query triple %s\n", error);
+		elog(FATAL, "failed to query triple %s", error);
 	}
 
 	/*

src/backend/optimizer/util/tlist.c

@@ -865,7 +865,7 @@ apply_pathtarget_labeling_to_tlist(List *tlist, PathTarget *target)
  *
  * The outputs of this function are two parallel lists, one a list of
  * PathTargets and the other an integer list of bool flags indicating
- * whether the corresponding PathTarget contains any evaluatable SRFs.
+ * whether the corresponding PathTarget contains any evaluable SRFs.
  * The lists are given in the order they'd need to be evaluated in, with
  * the "lowest" PathTarget first.  So the last list entry is always the
  * originally given PathTarget, and any entries before it indicate evaluation

src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c

@@ -11391,7 +11391,7 @@ get_opclass_name(Oid opclass, Oid actual_datatype,
 
 /*
  * generate_opclass_name
- *		Compute the name to display for a opclass specified by OID
+ *		Compute the name to display for an opclass specified by OID
  *
  * The result includes all necessary quoting and schema-prefixing.
  */

src/backend/utils/misc/guc_internal.h

@@ -1,16 +1,16 @@
 /*--------------------------------------------------------------------
- * guc_internals.h
+ * guc_internal.h
  *
  * Declarations shared between backend/utils/misc/guc.c and
  * backend/utils/misc/guc-file.l
  *
  * Copyright (c) 2000-2023, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
  *
- * src/include/utils/guc_internals.h
+ * src/include/utils/guc_internal.h
  *--------------------------------------------------------------------
  */
-#ifndef GUC_INTERNALS_H
+#ifndef GUC_INTERNAL_H
-#define GUC_INTERNALS_H
+#define GUC_INTERNAL_H
 
 #include "utils/guc.h"
 
@@ -23,4 +23,4 @@ extern void record_config_file_error(const char *errmsg,
 									 ConfigVariable **head_p,
 									 ConfigVariable **tail_p);
 
-#endif							/* GUC_INTERNALS_H */
+#endif							/* GUC_INTERNAL_H */

src/bin/pg_dump/pg_dumpall.c

@@ -1034,7 +1034,7 @@ dumpRoleMembership(PGconn *conn)
 		ht = rolename_create(remaining, NULL);
 
 		/*
-		 * Make repeated passses over the grants for this role until all have
+		 * Make repeated passes over the grants for this role until all have
 		 * been dumped.
 		 */
 		while (remaining > 0)

src/bin/pg_upgrade/info.c

@@ -408,11 +408,10 @@ get_rel_infos(ClusterInfo *cluster, DbInfo *dbinfo)
 	query[0] = '\0';			/* initialize query string to empty */
 
 	/*
-	 * Create a CTE that collects OIDs of regular user tables, including
+	 * Create a CTE that collects OIDs of regular user tables and matviews,
-	 * matviews and sequences, but excluding toast tables and indexes.  We
+	 * but excluding toast tables and indexes.  We assume that relations with
-	 * assume that relations with OIDs >= FirstNormalObjectId belong to the
+	 * OIDs >= FirstNormalObjectId belong to the user.  (That's probably
-	 * user.  (That's probably redundant with the namespace-name exclusions,
+	 * redundant with the namespace-name exclusions, but let's be safe.)
-	 * but let's be safe.)
 	 *
 	 * pg_largeobject contains user data that does not appear in pg_dump
 	 * output, so we have to copy that system table.  It's easiest to do that

src/include/lib/ilist.h

@@ -162,7 +162,7 @@ typedef struct dlist_head
 
 
 /*
- * Doubly linked list iterator type for dlist_head and and dclist_head types.
+ * Doubly linked list iterator type for dlist_head and dclist_head types.
  *
  * Used as state in dlist_foreach() and dlist_reverse_foreach() (and the
  * dclist variant thereof).

src/test/regress/expected/copy.out

@@ -182,7 +182,7 @@ create table header_copytest (
 	b int,
 	c text
 );
--- Make sure it works with with dropped columns
+-- Make sure it works with dropped columns
 alter table header_copytest drop column c;
 alter table header_copytest add column c text;
 copy header_copytest to stdout with (header match);

src/test/regress/expected/expressions.out

@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ WARNING:  TIMESTAMP(7) precision reduced to maximum allowed, 6
  t
 (1 row)
 
--- current_role/user/user is tested in rolnames.sql
+-- current_role/user/user is tested in rolenames.sql
 -- current database / catalog
 SELECT current_catalog = current_database();
  ?column? 

src/test/regress/sql/copy.sql

@@ -204,7 +204,7 @@ create table header_copytest (
 	b int,
 	c text
 );
--- Make sure it works with with dropped columns
+-- Make sure it works with dropped columns
 alter table header_copytest drop column c;
 alter table header_copytest add column c text;
 copy header_copytest to stdout with (header match);

src/test/regress/sql/expressions.sql

@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ SELECT current_timestamp = current_timestamp(7);
 SELECT localtime = localtime(7);
 SELECT localtimestamp = localtimestamp(7);
 
--- current_role/user/user is tested in rolnames.sql
+-- current_role/user/user is tested in rolenames.sql
 
 -- current database / catalog
 SELECT current_catalog = current_database();

src/test/ssl/t/SSL/Server.pm

@@ -257,7 +257,7 @@ The certificate file to use. Implementation is SSL backend specific.
 
 =item keyfile => B<value>
 
-The private key to use. Implementation is SSL backend specific.
+The private key file to use. Implementation is SSL backend specific.
 
 =item crlfile => B<value>