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Release notes for 10.9, 9.6.14, 9.5.18, 9.4.23.

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<!-- doc/src/sgml/release-10.sgml -->
<!-- See header comment in release.sgml about typical markup -->
<sect1 id="release-10-9">
<title>Release 10.9</title>
<formalpara>
<title>Release date:</title>
<para>2019-06-20</para>
</formalpara>
<para>
This release contains a variety of fixes from 10.8.
For information about new features in major release 10, see
<xref linkend="release-10">.
</para>
<sect2>
<title>Migration to Version 10.9</title>
<para>
A dump/restore is not required for those running 10.X.
</para>
<para>
However, if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 10.6,
see <xref linkend="release-10-6">.
</para>
</sect2>
<sect2>
<title>Changes</title>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<!--
Author: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>
Branch: master [e76de8861] 2019-06-12 12:29:39 -0400
Branch: REL_11_STABLE [0b6edb9fb] 2019-06-12 12:29:41 -0400
Branch: REL_10_STABLE [2981e5a61] 2019-06-12 12:29:42 -0400
Branch: REL9_6_STABLE [77d45b790] 2019-06-12 12:29:43 -0400
Branch: REL9_5_STABLE [f7e99de95] 2019-06-12 12:29:45 -0400
Branch: REL9_4_STABLE [9695ecf36] 2019-06-12 12:29:25 -0400
-->
<para>
Fix failure of <command>ALTER TABLE ... ALTER COLUMN TYPE</command>
when the table has a partial exclusion constraint (Tom Lane)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<!--
Author: Michael Paquier <michael@paquier.xyz>
Branch: master [ceac4505d] 2019-06-12 11:30:11 +0900
Branch: REL_11_STABLE [fa5f3a4bc] 2019-06-12 11:30:41 +0900
Branch: REL_10_STABLE [56a932533] 2019-06-12 11:31:00 +0900
Branch: REL9_6_STABLE [ff1a25601] 2019-06-12 11:31:14 +0900
Branch: REL9_5_STABLE [13f4b462d] 2019-06-12 11:31:20 +0900
-->
<para>
Fix failure of <command>COMMENT</command> command for comments on
domain constraints (Daniel Gustafsson, Michael Paquier)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<!--
Author: Andrew Gierth <rhodiumtoad@postgresql.org>
Branch: master [44e95b572] 2019-05-23 15:26:01 +0100
Branch: REL_11_STABLE [f7da492dc] 2019-05-23 15:38:33 +0100
Branch: REL_10_STABLE [99efd8d72] 2019-05-23 15:39:17 +0100
-->
<para>
Prevent possible memory clobber when there are duplicate columns in a
hash aggregate's hash key list (Andrew Gierth)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<!--
Author: Alvaro Herrera <alvherre@alvh.no-ip.org>
Branch: master [de87a084c] 2019-06-13 17:28:24 -0400
Branch: REL_11_STABLE [85600b7b5] 2019-06-13 17:28:24 -0400
Branch: REL_10_STABLE [14a91a8fc] 2019-06-13 17:28:24 -0400
Branch: REL9_6_STABLE [cb2398d80] 2019-06-13 17:28:24 -0400
-->
<para>
Avoid spurious deadlock failures when upgrading a tuple lock (Oleksii
Kliukin)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<!--
Author: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>
Branch: master [24c19e9f6] 2019-05-09 16:53:05 -0400
Branch: REL_11_STABLE [e7eed0baa] 2019-05-09 16:52:49 -0400
Branch: REL_10_STABLE [946cdf9ff] 2019-05-09 16:52:49 -0400
Branch: REL9_6_STABLE [3203714c3] 2019-05-09 16:52:49 -0400
-->
<para>
Fix faulty generation of merge-append plans (Tom Lane)
</para>
<para>
This mistake could lead to <quote>could not find pathkey item to
sort</quote> errors.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<!--
Author: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>
Branch: master [3d99a8139] 2019-06-12 19:43:08 -0400
Branch: REL_11_STABLE [f95d8f810] 2019-06-12 19:43:09 -0400
Branch: REL_10_STABLE [30d3df0a7] 2019-06-12 19:43:10 -0400
Branch: REL9_6_STABLE [ad3e61b28] 2019-06-12 19:42:39 -0400
Branch: REL9_5_STABLE [bf612fd3a] 2019-06-12 19:42:39 -0400
Branch: REL9_4_STABLE [8ace51a6b] 2019-06-12 19:42:39 -0400
-->
<para>
Fix incorrect printing of queries with duplicate join names
(Philip Dub&eacute;)
</para>
<para>
This oversight caused a dump/restore failure for views containing
such queries.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<!--
Author: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>
Branch: master [6f34fcbbd] 2019-06-11 13:33:22 -0400
Branch: REL_11_STABLE [1c9034579] 2019-06-11 13:33:08 -0400
Branch: REL_10_STABLE [b6f5689aa] 2019-06-11 13:33:08 -0400
-->
<para>
Fix conversion of JSON string literals to JSON-type output columns
in <function>json_to_record()</function>
and <function>json_populate_record()</function> (Tom Lane)
</para>
<para>
Such cases should produce the literal as a standalone JSON value, but
the code misbehaved if the literal contained any characters requiring
escaping.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<!--
Author: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>
Branch: master [8a29ed053] 2019-05-12 18:53:38 -0400
Branch: REL_11_STABLE [72ce7acaf] 2019-05-12 18:53:40 -0400
Branch: REL_10_STABLE [940f64792] 2019-05-12 18:53:41 -0400
Branch: REL9_6_STABLE [2a3dbc151] 2019-05-12 18:53:42 -0400
Branch: REL9_5_STABLE [d6de52636] 2019-05-12 18:53:43 -0400
Branch: REL9_4_STABLE [b1ca28e57] 2019-05-12 18:53:45 -0400
-->
<para>
Fix misoptimization of <literal>{1,1}</literal> quantifiers in
regular expressions (Tom Lane)
</para>
<para>
Such quantifiers were treated as no-ops and optimized away;
but the documentation specifies that they impose greediness, or
non-greediness in the case of the non-greedy
variant <literal>{1,1}?</literal>, on the subexpression they're
attached to, and this did not happen. The misbehavior occurred
only if the subexpression contained capturing parentheses or a
back-reference.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<!--
Author: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>
Branch: master [85ccb6899] 2019-05-11 21:27:29 -0400
Branch: REL_11_STABLE [eb97242c2] 2019-05-11 21:27:13 -0400
Branch: REL_10_STABLE [c3d113136] 2019-05-11 21:27:13 -0400
Branch: REL9_6_STABLE [27d3394b0] 2019-05-11 21:27:13 -0400
Branch: REL9_5_STABLE [899f943ca] 2019-05-11 21:27:13 -0400
-->
<para>
Avoid possible failures while initializing a new
process's <structname>pg_stat_activity</structname> data (Tom Lane)
</para>
<para>
Certain operations that could fail, such as converting strings
extracted from an SSL certificate into the database encoding, were
being performed inside a critical section. Failure there would
result in database-wide lockup due to violating the access protocol
for shared <structname>pg_stat_activity</structname> data.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<!--
Author: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>
Branch: master [610747d86] 2019-05-10 14:56:41 -0400
Branch: REL_11_STABLE [803f90ab7] 2019-05-10 14:56:41 -0400
Branch: REL_10_STABLE [3dcf45af5] 2019-05-10 14:56:41 -0400
Branch: REL9_6_STABLE [a73c8caea] 2019-05-10 14:56:41 -0400
Branch: REL9_5_STABLE [91a05390c] 2019-05-10 14:56:41 -0400
Branch: REL9_4_STABLE [b1cde67a4] 2019-05-10 14:56:41 -0400
-->
<para>
Fix race condition in check to see whether a pre-existing shared
memory segment is still in use by a conflicting postmaster (Tom Lane)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<!--
Author: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>
Branch: master [a1a789eb5] 2019-04-29 12:26:07 -0400
Branch: REL_11_STABLE [9346d396f] 2019-06-12 17:29:48 -0400
Branch: REL_10_STABLE [ac8f2e1ef] 2019-06-12 17:29:48 -0400
-->
<para>
Fix unsafe coding in walreceiver's signal handler (Tom Lane)
</para>
<para>
This avoids rare problems in which the walreceiver process would
crash or deadlock when commanded to shut down.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<!--
Author: Andres Freund <andres@anarazel.de>
Branch: master [fff2a7d7b] 2019-06-10 23:34:50 -0700
Branch: REL_11_STABLE [c01556017] 2019-06-10 23:35:38 -0700
Branch: REL_10_STABLE [52ad5fc0a] 2019-06-10 23:36:48 -0700
Branch: REL9_6_STABLE [b8607e15e] 2019-06-10 23:36:55 -0700
Branch: REL9_5_STABLE [483b2d7ae] 2019-06-10 23:36:59 -0700
Branch: REL9_4_STABLE [69f32206d] 2019-06-10 23:37:02 -0700
-->
<para>
Avoid attempting to do database accesses for parameter checking in
processes that are not connected to a specific database (Vignesh C,
Andres Freund)
</para>
<para>
This error could result in failures like <quote>cannot read pg_class
without having selected a database</quote>.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<!--
Author: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>
Branch: master [ddf927fb1] 2019-05-13 10:53:19 -0400
Branch: REL_11_STABLE [6b0e9411f] 2019-05-13 10:53:19 -0400
Branch: REL_10_STABLE [e3bf3c0f8] 2019-05-13 10:53:19 -0400
Branch: REL9_6_STABLE [8eaba0b93] 2019-05-13 10:53:19 -0400
Branch: REL9_5_STABLE [0ec3d2ab2] 2019-05-13 10:53:19 -0400
-->
<para>
Avoid possible hang in <application>libpq</application> if using SSL
and OpenSSL's pending-data buffer contains an exact multiple of 256
bytes (David Binderman)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<!--
Author: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>
Branch: master [23bd3cec6] 2018-09-13 12:36:21 -0400
Branch: REL_11_STABLE [995b4fe0b] 2019-06-14 11:25:13 -0400
Branch: REL_10_STABLE [8de574aa8] 2019-06-14 11:25:13 -0400
Branch: REL9_6_STABLE [75b0f21e1] 2019-06-14 11:25:13 -0400
Branch: REL9_5_STABLE [77dc741a1] 2019-06-14 11:25:13 -0400
Branch: REL9_4_STABLE [37011bcb3] 2019-06-14 11:25:13 -0400
Author: Andrew Gierth <rhodiumtoad@postgresql.org>
Branch: master [e3846a00c] 2019-06-15 18:15:23 +0100
Branch: REL_11_STABLE [7f28fc8e9] 2019-06-15 18:16:43 +0100
Branch: REL_10_STABLE [2913a892e] 2019-06-15 18:18:03 +0100
Branch: REL9_6_STABLE [5f5b6667e] 2019-06-15 18:19:30 +0100
Branch: REL9_5_STABLE [6335f8a99] 2019-06-15 18:21:41 +0100
Branch: REL9_4_STABLE [6c66865f3] 2019-06-15 18:23:16 +0100
-->
<para>
Improve <application>initdb</application>'s handling of multiple
equivalent names for the system time zone (Tom Lane, Andrew Gierth)
</para>
<para>
Make <application>initdb</application> examine
the <filename>/etc/localtime</filename> symbolic link, if that
exists, to break ties between equivalent names for the system time
zone. This makes <application>initdb</application> more likely to
select the time zone name that the user would expect when multiple
identical time zones exist. It will not change the behavior
if <filename>/etc/localtime</filename> is not a symlink to a zone
data file, nor if the time zone is determined from
the <envar>TZ</envar> environment variable.
</para>
<para>
Separately, prefer <literal>UTC</literal> over other spellings of
that time zone, when neither <envar>TZ</envar>
nor <filename>/etc/localtime</filename> provide a hint. This fixes
an annoyance introduced by <application>tzdata</application> 2019a's
change to make the <literal>UCT</literal> and <literal>UTC</literal>
zone names equivalent: <application>initdb</application> was then
preferring <literal>UCT</literal>, which almost nobody wants.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<!--
Author: Michael Paquier <michael@paquier.xyz>
Branch: master [b8c6014a6] 2019-05-22 14:48:00 +0900
Branch: REL_11_STABLE [8357a413f] 2019-05-22 14:48:14 +0900
Branch: REL_10_STABLE [0c2a5a862] 2019-05-22 14:48:30 +0900
Branch: REL9_6_STABLE [a21fb12e7] 2019-05-22 14:48:39 +0900
Branch: master [156c0c2df] 2019-05-23 10:48:17 +0900
Branch: REL_11_STABLE [a7b2fca15] 2019-05-23 10:48:24 +0900
Branch: REL_10_STABLE [2ccebcd23] 2019-05-23 10:48:29 +0900
Branch: REL9_6_STABLE [c82e8ba00] 2019-05-23 10:48:35 +0900
-->
<para>
Fix ordering of <command>GRANT</command> commands emitted
by <application>pg_dump</application>
and <application>pg_dumpall</application> for databases and
tablespaces (Nathan Bossart, Michael Paquier)
</para>
<para>
If cascading grants had been issued, restore might fail due to
the <command>GRANT</command> commands being given in an order that
didn't respect their interdependencies.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<!--
Author: Alvaro Herrera <alvherre@alvh.no-ip.org>
Branch: master [33a53130a] 2019-06-10 18:56:23 -0400
Branch: REL_11_STABLE [6a781c4f5] 2019-06-10 18:56:23 -0400
Branch: REL_10_STABLE [1eb8a5ea4] 2019-06-10 18:56:23 -0400
-->
<para>
Make <application>pg_dump</application> recreate table partitions
using <command>CREATE TABLE</command> then <command>ATTACH
PARTITION</command>, rather than including <literal>PARTITION
OF</literal> in the creation command (&Aacute;lvaro Herrera, David
Rowley)
</para>
<para>
This avoids problems with the partition's column order possibly being
changed to match the parent's. Also, a partition is now restorable
from the dump (as a standalone table) even if its parent table isn't
restored; the <command>ATTACH</command> will fail, but that can just
be ignored.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<!--
Author: Michael Paquier <michael@paquier.xyz>
Branch: master [e51bad8fb] 2019-05-11 13:00:54 +0900
Branch: REL_11_STABLE [e16ab408f] 2019-05-11 13:01:07 +0900
Branch: REL_10_STABLE [c6354e943] 2019-05-11 13:01:12 +0900
Branch: REL9_6_STABLE [0c132d458] 2019-05-11 13:01:19 +0900
Branch: REL9_5_STABLE [e17fba8d8] 2019-05-11 13:01:24 +0900
Branch: REL9_4_STABLE [82ed20e15] 2019-05-11 13:01:29 +0900
-->
<para>
Fix misleading error reports
from <application>reindexdb</application> (Julien Rouhaud)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<!--
Author: Michael Paquier <michael@paquier.xyz>
Branch: master [3ae3c18b3] 2019-05-09 10:29:10 +0900
Branch: REL_11_STABLE [25f12acd5] 2019-05-09 10:29:29 +0900
Branch: REL_10_STABLE [db8802a99] 2019-05-09 10:29:40 +0900
Branch: REL9_6_STABLE [a9a886c6f] 2019-05-09 10:29:52 +0900
Branch: REL9_5_STABLE [a475b1e77] 2019-05-09 10:30:08 +0900
-->
<para>
Ensure that <application>vacuumdb</application> returns correct
status if an error occurs while using parallel jobs
(Julien Rouhaud)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<!--
Author: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>
Branch: master [2cd4e8357] 2019-06-03 18:06:04 -0400
Branch: REL_11_STABLE [57e85fa2c] 2019-06-03 18:06:04 -0400
Branch: REL_10_STABLE [ba38967d7] 2019-06-03 18:06:04 -0400
Branch: REL9_6_STABLE [efa121ae6] 2019-06-03 18:06:04 -0400
-->
<para>
Fix <filename>contrib/auto_explain</filename> to not cause problems
in parallel queries (Tom Lane)
</para>
<para>
Previously, a parallel worker might try to log its query even if the
parent query were not being logged
by <filename>auto_explain</filename>. This would work sometimes, but
it's confusing, and in some cases it resulted in failures
like <quote>could not find key N in shm TOC</quote>.
</para>
<para>
Also, fix an off-by-one error that resulted in not necessarily
logging every query even when the sampling rate is set to 1.0.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<!--
Author: Etsuro Fujita <efujita@postgresql.org>
Branch: master [8b6da83d1] 2019-06-13 17:59:09 +0900
Branch: REL_11_STABLE [214460182] 2019-06-13 17:59:11 +0900
Branch: REL_10_STABLE [0f2b23426] 2019-06-13 17:59:12 +0900
Branch: REL9_6_STABLE [1ade21e7f] 2019-06-13 17:59:13 +0900
Branch: REL9_5_STABLE [eddb79705] 2019-06-13 17:59:15 +0900
Branch: REL9_4_STABLE [1a3d9f62c] 2019-06-13 17:59:17 +0900
-->
<para>
In <filename>contrib/postgres_fdw</filename>, account for possible
data modifications by local <literal>BEFORE ROW UPDATE</literal>
triggers (Shohei Mochizuki)
</para>
<para>
If a trigger modified a column that was otherwise not changed by the
<command>UPDATE</command>, the new value was not transmitted to the
remote server.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<!--
Author: Noah Misch <noah@leadboat.com>
Branch: master [d02768ddd] 2019-05-12 10:33:05 -0700
Branch: REL_11_STABLE [4ec14e5aa] 2019-05-12 10:33:08 -0700
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-->
<para>
On Windows, avoid failure when the database encoding is set to
SQL_ASCII and we attempt to log a non-ASCII string (Noah Misch)
</para>
<para>
The code had been assuming that such strings must be in UTF-8, and
would throw an error if they didn't appear to be validly encoded.
Now, just transmit the untranslated bytes to the log.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<!--
Author: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>
Branch: master [3f61b3205] 2019-05-31 12:34:54 -0400
Branch: REL_11_STABLE [312017fcc] 2019-05-31 12:34:54 -0400
Branch: REL_10_STABLE [683c17b30] 2019-05-31 12:34:54 -0400
Branch: REL9_6_STABLE [c332c94ad] 2019-05-31 12:34:55 -0400
Branch: REL9_5_STABLE [da53e4f93] 2019-05-31 12:34:55 -0400
Branch: REL9_4_STABLE [db5d99916] 2019-05-31 12:34:55 -0400
-->
<para>
Make <application>PL/pgSQL</application>'s header files C++-safe
(George Tarasov)
</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</sect2>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="release-10-8">
<title>Release 10.8</title>