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mirror of https://github.com/postgres/postgres.git synced 2025-08-30 06:01:21 +03:00

Consistenly use colons before '<programlisting>' blocks, where

appropriate.
This commit is contained in:
Bruce Momjian
2007-02-01 00:28:19 +00:00
parent e81c138e18
commit 09a9f10e7f
62 changed files with 402 additions and 405 deletions

View File

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
<!-- $PostgreSQL: pgsql/doc/src/sgml/queries.sgml,v 1.42 2007/01/31 20:56:18 momjian Exp $ -->
<!-- $PostgreSQL: pgsql/doc/src/sgml/queries.sgml,v 1.43 2007/02/01 00:28:17 momjian Exp $ -->
<chapter id="queries">
<title>Queries</title>
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ SELECT <replaceable>select_list</replaceable> FROM <replaceable>table_expression
</para>
<para>
A simple kind of query has the form
A simple kind of query has the form:
<programlisting>
SELECT * FROM table1;
</programlisting>
@@ -357,7 +357,7 @@ FROM <replaceable>table_reference</replaceable> <optional>, <replaceable>table_r
</para>
<para>
To put this together, assume we have tables <literal>t1</literal>
To put this together, assume we have tables <literal>t1</literal>:
<programlisting>
num | name
-----+------
@@ -365,7 +365,7 @@ FROM <replaceable>table_reference</replaceable> <optional>, <replaceable>table_r
2 | b
3 | c
</programlisting>
and <literal>t2</literal>
and <literal>t2</literal>:
<programlisting>
num | value
-----+-------
@@ -507,7 +507,7 @@ SELECT * FROM some_very_long_table_name s JOIN another_fairly_long_name a ON s.i
<para>
The alias becomes the new name of the table reference for the
current query &mdash; it is no longer possible to refer to the table
by the original name. Thus
by the original name. Thus:
<programlisting>
SELECT * FROM my_table AS m WHERE my_table.a &gt; 5;
</programlisting>
@@ -517,7 +517,7 @@ SELECT * FROM my_table AS m WHERE my_table.a &gt; 5;
<literal>off</> (as it is by default). If it is <literal>on</>,
an implicit table reference will be added to the
<literal>FROM</literal> clause, so the query is processed as if
it were written as
it were written as:
<programlisting>
SELECT * FROM my_table AS m, my_table AS my_table WHERE my_table.a &gt; 5;
</programlisting>
@@ -526,7 +526,7 @@ SELECT * FROM my_table AS m, my_table AS my_table WHERE my_table.a &gt; 5;
<para>
Table aliases are mainly for notational convenience, but it is
necessary to use them when joining a table to itself, e.g.,
necessary to use them when joining a table to itself, e.g.:
<programlisting>
SELECT * FROM people AS mother JOIN people AS child ON mother.id = child.mother_id;
</programlisting>
@@ -559,11 +559,11 @@ FROM <replaceable>table_reference</replaceable> <optional>AS</optional> <replace
<para>
When an alias is applied to the output of a <literal>JOIN</>
clause, using any of these forms, the alias hides the original
names within the <literal>JOIN</>. For example,
names within the <literal>JOIN</>. For example:
<programlisting>
SELECT a.* FROM my_table AS a JOIN your_table AS b ON ...
</programlisting>
is valid SQL, but
is valid SQL, but:
<programlisting>
SELECT a.* FROM (my_table AS a JOIN your_table AS b ON ...) AS c
</programlisting>
@@ -724,11 +724,11 @@ WHERE <replaceable>search_condition</replaceable>
<programlisting>
FROM a, b WHERE a.id = b.id AND b.val &gt; 5
</programlisting>
and
and:
<programlisting>
FROM a INNER JOIN b ON (a.id = b.id) WHERE b.val &gt; 5
</programlisting>
or perhaps even
or perhaps even:
<programlisting>
FROM a NATURAL JOIN b WHERE b.val &gt; 5
</programlisting>
@@ -867,7 +867,7 @@ SELECT <replaceable>select_list</replaceable>
<para>
Here is another example: it calculates the total sales for each
product (rather than the total sales on all products).
product (rather than the total sales on all products):
<programlisting>
SELECT product_id, p.name, (sum(s.units) * p.price) AS sales
FROM products p LEFT JOIN sales s USING (product_id)
@@ -997,7 +997,7 @@ SELECT a, b, c FROM ...
<para>
If more than one table has a column of the same name, the table
name must also be given, as in
name must also be given, as in:
<programlisting>
SELECT tbl1.a, tbl2.a, tbl1.b FROM ...
</programlisting>
@@ -1228,7 +1228,7 @@ SELECT <replaceable>select_list</replaceable>
<optional>, <replaceable>sort_expression2</replaceable> <optional>ASC | DESC</optional> <optional>NULLS { FIRST | LAST }</optional> ...</optional>
</synopsis>
The sort expression(s) can be any expression that would be valid in the
query's select list. An example is
query's select list. An example is:
<programlisting>
SELECT a, b FROM table1 ORDER BY a + b, c;
</programlisting>
@@ -1272,7 +1272,7 @@ SELECT a, b FROM table1 ORDER BY a + b, c;
<para>
For backwards compatibility with the SQL92 version of the standard,
a <replaceable>sort_expression</> can instead be the name or number
of an output column, as in
of an output column, as in:
<programlisting>
SELECT a + b AS sum, c FROM table1 ORDER BY sum;
SELECT a, max(b) FROM table1 GROUP BY a ORDER BY 1;
@@ -1392,15 +1392,13 @@ VALUES ( <replaceable class="PARAMETER">expression</replaceable> [, ...] ) [, ..
</para>
<para>
As an example,
As an example:
<programlisting>
VALUES (1, 'one'), (2, 'two'), (3, 'three');
</programlisting>
will return a table of two columns and three rows. It's effectively
equivalent to
equivalent to:
<programlisting>
SELECT 1 AS column1, 'one' AS column2
UNION ALL