Fix a bug in 8.2.x that was exposed while investigating Kevin Grittner's

report of poor planning in 8.3: it's unsafe to push a constant across an
outer join when the outer-join condition is delayed by lower outer joins,
unless we recheck the outer-join condition at the upper outer join.
8.2.x doesn't really have the ability to tell whether this is the case
or not, but fortunately it doesn't matter --- it seems most desirable to
keep the join condition whether it's entirely redundant or not.  However,
it's usually mostly redundant, so force its selectivity to 1.0.

It might be a good idea to back-patch this into 8.1 as well, but I'll
refrain until/unless there's evidence that 8.1 actually fails on any
cases that this would fix.

src/backend/optimizer/path/pathkeys.c

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
  * Portions Copyright (c) 1994, Regents of the University of California
  *
  * IDENTIFICATION
- *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/optimizer/path/pathkeys.c,v 1.79 2006/10/04 00:29:54 momjian Exp $
+ *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/optimizer/path/pathkeys.c,v 1.79.2.1 2008/01/09 20:50:11 tgl Exp $
  *
  *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
  */
@@ -423,15 +423,16 @@ sub_generate_join_implications(PlannerInfo *root,
 									 false);
 
 			/*
-			 * We can remove explicit tests of this outer-join qual, too,
+			 * We used to think we could remove explicit tests of this
-			 * since we now have tests forcing each of its sides to the same
+			 * outer-join qual, too, since we now have tests forcing each of
-			 * value.
+			 * its sides to the same value.  However, that fails in some
+			 * corner cases where lower outer joins could cause one of the
+			 * variables to go to NULL.  (BUG in 8.2 through 8.2.6.)
+			 * So now we just leave it in place, but mark it with selectivity
+			 * 1.0 so that we don't underestimate the join size output ---
+			 * it's mostly redundant with the constant constraints.
 			 */
-			process_implied_equality(root,
+			rinfo->this_selec = 1.0;
-									 leftop, rightop,
-									 rinfo->left_sortop, rinfo->right_sortop,
-									 rinfo->left_relids, rinfo->right_relids,
-									 true);
 
 			/*
 			 * And recurse to see if we can deduce anything from INNERVAR =
@@ -465,15 +466,16 @@ sub_generate_join_implications(PlannerInfo *root,
 									 false);
 
 			/*
-			 * We can remove explicit tests of this outer-join qual, too,
+			 * We used to think we could remove explicit tests of this
-			 * since we now have tests forcing each of its sides to the same
+			 * outer-join qual, too, since we now have tests forcing each of
-			 * value.
+			 * its sides to the same value.  However, that fails in some
+			 * corner cases where lower outer joins could cause one of the
+			 * variables to go to NULL.  (BUG in 8.2 through 8.2.6.)
+			 * So now we just leave it in place, but mark it with selectivity
+			 * 1.0 so that we don't underestimate the join size output ---
+			 * it's mostly redundant with the constant constraints.
 			 */
-			process_implied_equality(root,
+			rinfo->this_selec = 1.0;
-									 leftop, rightop,
-									 rinfo->left_sortop, rinfo->right_sortop,
-									 rinfo->left_relids, rinfo->right_relids,
-									 true);
 
 			/*
 			 * And recurse to see if we can deduce anything from INNERVAR =
@@ -542,25 +544,22 @@ sub_generate_join_implications(PlannerInfo *root,
 										 rinfo->right_sortop,
 										 rinfo->right_relids,
 										 false);
-				/* ... and remove COALESCE() = CONSTANT */
-				process_implied_const_eq(root, equi_key_set, relids,
-										 item1,
-										 sortop1,
-										 item1_relids,
-										 true);
 
 				/*
-				 * We can remove explicit tests of this outer-join qual, too,
+				 * We used to think we could remove explicit tests of this
-				 * since we now have tests forcing each of its sides to the
+				 * outer-join qual, too, since we now have tests forcing each
-				 * same value.
+				 * of its sides to the same value.  However, that fails in
+				 * some corner cases where lower outer joins could cause one
+				 * of the variables to go to NULL.  (BUG in 8.2 through
+				 * 8.2.6.)  So now we just leave it in place, but mark it with
+				 * selectivity 1.0 so that we don't underestimate the join
+				 * size output --- it's mostly redundant with the constant
+				 * constraints.
+				 *
+				 * Ideally we'd do that for the COALESCE() = CONSTANT rinfo,
+				 * too, but we don't have easy access to that here.
 				 */
-				process_implied_equality(root,
+				rinfo->this_selec = 1.0;
-										 leftop, rightop,
-										 rinfo->left_sortop,
-										 rinfo->right_sortop,
-										 rinfo->left_relids,
-										 rinfo->right_relids,
-										 true);
 
 				/*
 				 * And recurse to see if we can deduce anything from LEFTVAR =

src/test/regress/expected/join.out

@@ -2290,3 +2290,34 @@ from yy
      301 |         |          |          |        1
 (3 rows)
 
+--
+-- regression test for improper pushing of constants across outer-join clauses
+-- (as seen in early 8.2.x releases)
+--
+create temp table zt1 (f1 int primary key);
+NOTICE:  CREATE TABLE / PRIMARY KEY will create implicit index "zt1_pkey" for table "zt1"
+create temp table zt2 (f2 int primary key);
+NOTICE:  CREATE TABLE / PRIMARY KEY will create implicit index "zt2_pkey" for table "zt2"
+create temp table zt3 (f3 int primary key);
+NOTICE:  CREATE TABLE / PRIMARY KEY will create implicit index "zt3_pkey" for table "zt3"
+insert into zt1 values(53);
+insert into zt2 values(53);
+select * from
+  zt2 left join zt3 on (f2 = f3)
+      left join zt1 on (f3 = f1)
+where f2 = 53;
+ f2 | f3 | f1 
+----+----+----
+ 53 |    |   
+(1 row)
+
+create temp view zv1 as select *,'dummy'::text AS junk from zt1;
+select * from
+  zt2 left join zt3 on (f2 = f3)
+      left join zv1 on (f3 = f1)
+where f2 = 53;
+ f2 | f3 | f1 | junk 
+----+----+----+------
+ 53 |    |    | 
+(1 row)
+

src/test/regress/expected/join_1.out

@@ -2290,3 +2290,34 @@ from yy
      301 |         |          |          |        1
 (3 rows)
 
+--
+-- regression test for improper pushing of constants across outer-join clauses
+-- (as seen in early 8.2.x releases)
+--
+create temp table zt1 (f1 int primary key);
+NOTICE:  CREATE TABLE / PRIMARY KEY will create implicit index "zt1_pkey" for table "zt1"
+create temp table zt2 (f2 int primary key);
+NOTICE:  CREATE TABLE / PRIMARY KEY will create implicit index "zt2_pkey" for table "zt2"
+create temp table zt3 (f3 int primary key);
+NOTICE:  CREATE TABLE / PRIMARY KEY will create implicit index "zt3_pkey" for table "zt3"
+insert into zt1 values(53);
+insert into zt2 values(53);
+select * from
+  zt2 left join zt3 on (f2 = f3)
+      left join zt1 on (f3 = f1)
+where f2 = 53;
+ f2 | f3 | f1 
+----+----+----
+ 53 |    |   
+(1 row)
+
+create temp view zv1 as select *,'dummy'::text AS junk from zt1;
+select * from
+  zt2 left join zt3 on (f2 = f3)
+      left join zv1 on (f3 = f1)
+where f2 = 53;
+ f2 | f3 | f1 | junk 
+----+----+----+------
+ 53 |    |    | 
+(1 row)
+

src/test/regress/sql/join.sql

@@ -462,3 +462,26 @@ from yy
      left join (SELECT * FROM yy where pkyy = 101) as yya ON yy.pkyy = yya.pkyy
      left join xx xxa on yya.pkxx = xxa.pkxx
      left join xx xxb on coalesce (xxa.pkxx, 1) = xxb.pkxx;
+
+--
+-- regression test for improper pushing of constants across outer-join clauses
+-- (as seen in early 8.2.x releases)
+--
+
+create temp table zt1 (f1 int primary key);
+create temp table zt2 (f2 int primary key);
+create temp table zt3 (f3 int primary key);
+insert into zt1 values(53);
+insert into zt2 values(53);
+
+select * from
+  zt2 left join zt3 on (f2 = f3)
+      left join zt1 on (f3 = f1)
+where f2 = 53;
+
+create temp view zv1 as select *,'dummy'::text AS junk from zt1;
+
+select * from
+  zt2 left join zt3 on (f2 = f3)
+      left join zv1 on (f3 = f1)
+where f2 = 53;