Add stack depth checks to key recursive functions in backend/nodes/*.c.

Although copyfuncs.c has a check_stack_depth call in its recursion,
equalfuncs.c, outfuncs.c, and readfuncs.c lacked one.  This seems
unwise.

Likewise fix planstate_tree_walker(), in branches where that exists.

Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/30253.1544286631@sss.pgh.pa.us

src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c

@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@
 
 #include "postgres.h"
 
+#include "miscadmin.h"
 #include "nodes/extensible.h"
 #include "nodes/relation.h"
 #include "utils/datum.h"
@@ -3002,6 +3003,9 @@ equal(const void *a, const void *b)
 	if (nodeTag(a) != nodeTag(b))
 		return false;
 
+	/* Guard against stack overflow due to overly complex expressions */
+	check_stack_depth();
+
 	switch (nodeTag(a))
 	{
 			/*