mariadb/scripts/mysqld_multi.sh

#!@PERL@

use Getopt::Long;
use POSIX qw(strftime);

$|=1;
$VER="2.14";

$opt_config_file   = undef();
$opt_example       = 0;
$opt_help          = 0;
$opt_log           = undef();
$opt_mysqladmin    = "@bindir@/mysqladmin";
$opt_mysqld        = "@libexecdir@/mysqld";
$opt_no_log        = 0;
$opt_password      = undef();
$opt_tcp_ip        = 0;
$opt_user          = "root";
$opt_version       = 0;
$opt_silent        = 0;
$opt_verbose       = 0;

my $my_print_defaults_exists= 1;
my $logdir= undef();

my ($mysqld, $mysqladmin, $groupids, $homedir, $my_progname);

$homedir = $ENV{HOME};
$my_progname = $0;
$my_progname =~ s/.*[\/]//;

main();

####
#### main sub routine
####

sub main
{
  my $flag_exit= 0;

  if (!defined(my_which(my_print_defaults)))
  {
    # We can't throw out yet, since --version, --help, or --example may
    # have been given
    print "WARNING: my_print_defaults command not found.\n";
    print "Please make sure you have this command available and\n";
    print "in your path. The command is available from the latest\n";
    print "MySQL distribution.\n";
    $my_print_defaults_exists= 0;
  }
  if ($my_print_defaults_exists)
  {
    foreach my $arg (@ARGV)
    {
      if ($arg =~ m/^--config-file=(.*)/)
      {
	if (!length($1))
	{
	  die "Option config-file requires an argument\n";
	}
	elsif (!( -e $1 && -r $1))
	{
	  die "Option file '$1' doesn't exists, or is not readable\n";
	}
	else
	{
	  $opt_config_file= $1;
	  if (!($opt_config_file =~ m/\//))
	  {
	    # No path. Use current working directory
	    $opt_config_file= "./" . $opt_config_file;
	  }
	}
      }
    }
    my $com= "my_print_defaults ";
    $com.= "--config-file=$opt_config_file " if (defined($opt_config_file));
    $com.= "mysqld_multi";
    my @defops = `$com`;
    chop @defops;
    splice @ARGV, 0, 0, @defops;
  }
  if (!GetOptions("help","example","version","mysqld=s","mysqladmin=s",
		  "config-file=s","user=s","password=s","log=s","no-log",
		  "tcp-ip", "silent","verbose"))
  {
    $flag_exit= 1;
  }
  if (defined($opt_config_file) && !($opt_config_file =~ m/\//))
  {
    # No path. Use current working directory
    $opt_config_file= "./" . $opt_config_file;
  }
  usage() if ($opt_help);

  if ($opt_verbose && $opt_silent)
  {
    print "Both --verbose and --silent has been given. Some of the warnings ";
    print "will be disabled\nand some will be enabled.\n\n";
  }

  init_log() if (!defined($opt_log));
  $groupids = $ARGV[1];
  if ($opt_version)
  {
    print "$my_progname version $VER by Jani Tolonen\n";
    exit(0);
  }
  example() if ($opt_example);
  if ($flag_exit)
  {
    print "Error with an option, see $my_progname --help for more info.\n";
    exit(1);
  }
  if (!defined(my_which(my_print_defaults)))
  {
    print "ABORT: Can't find command 'my_print_defaults'.\n";
    print "This command is available from the latest MySQL\n";
    print "distribution. Please make sure you have the command\n";
    print "in your PATH.\n";
    exit(1);
  }
  usage() if (!defined($ARGV[0]) ||
	      (!($ARGV[0] =~ m/^start$/i) &&
	       !($ARGV[0] =~ m/^stop$/i) &&
	       !($ARGV[0] =~ m/^report$/i)));

  if (!$opt_no_log)
  {
    w2log("$my_progname log file version $VER; run: ",
	  "$opt_log", 1, 0);
  }
  else
  {
    print "$my_progname log file version $VER; run: ";
    print strftime "%a %b %e %H:%M:%S %Y", localtime;
    print "\n";
  }
  if ($ARGV[0] =~ m/^start$/i)
  {
    if (!defined(($mysqld= my_which($opt_mysqld))) && $opt_verbose)
    {
      print "WARNING: Couldn't find the default mysqld binary.\n";
      print "Tried: $opt_mysqld\n";
      print "This is OK, if you are using option \"mysqld=...\" in ";
      print "groups [mysqldN] separately for each.\n\n";
    }
    start_mysqlds();
  }
  else
  {
    if (!defined(($mysqladmin= my_which($opt_mysqladmin))) && $opt_verbose)
    {
      print "WARNING: Couldn't find the default mysqladmin binary.\n";
      print "Tried: $opt_mysqladmin\n";
      print "This is OK, if you are using option \"mysqladmin=...\" in ";
      print "groups [mysqldN] separately for each.\n\n";
    }
    if ($ARGV[0] =~ m/^report$/i)
    {
      report_mysqlds();
    }
    else
    {
      stop_mysqlds();
    }
  }
}

####
#### Quote option argument. Add double quotes around the argument
#### and escape the following: $, \, "
#### This function is needed, because my_print_defaults drops possible
#### quotes, single or double, from in front of an argument and from
#### the end.
####

sub quote_opt_arg
{
  my ($option)= @_;

  if ($option =~ m/(\-\-[a-zA-Z0-9\_\-]+)=(.*)/)
  {
    $option= $1;
    $arg= $2;
    $arg=~ s/\\/\\\\/g; # Escape escape character first to avoid doubling.
    $arg=~ s/\$/\\\$/g;
    $arg=~ s/\"/\\\"/g;
    $arg= "\"" . $arg . "\"";
    $option= $option . "=" . $arg;
  }
  return $option;
}

####
#### Init log file. Check for appropriate place for log file, in the following
#### order my_print_defaults mysqld datadir, @datadir@, /var/log, /tmp
####

sub init_log
{
  if ($my_print_defaults_exists)
  {
    @mysqld_opts= `my_print_defaults mysqld`;
    chomp @mysqld_opts;
    foreach my $opt (@mysqld_opts)
    {
      if ($opt =~ m/^\-\-datadir[=](.*)/)
      {
        if (-d "$1" && -w "$1")
        {
	  $logdir= $1;
        }
      }
    }
  }
  if (!defined($logdir))
  {
    $logdir= "@datadir@" if (-d "@datadir@" && -w "@datadir@");
  }
  if (!defined($logdir))
  {
    # Log file was not specified and we could not log to a standard place,
    # so log file be disabled for now.
    if (!$opt_silent)
    {
      print "WARNING: Log file disabled. Maybe directory or file isn't writable?\n";
    }
    $opt_no_log= 1;
  }
  else
  {
    $opt_log= "$logdir/mysqld_multi.log";
  }
}

####
#### Report living and not running MySQL servers
####

sub report_mysqlds
{
  my (@groups, $com, $i, @options, $pec);

  print "Reporting MySQL servers\n";
  if (!$opt_no_log)
  {
    w2log("\nReporting MySQL servers","$opt_log",0,0);
  }
  @groups = &find_groups($groupids);
  for ($i = 0; defined($groups[$i]); $i++)
  {
    $com= get_mysqladmin_options($i, @groups);
    $com.= " ping >> /dev/null 2>&1";
    system($com);
    $pec = $? >> 8;
    if ($pec)
    {
      print "MySQL server from group: $groups[$i] is not running\n";
      if (!$opt_no_log)
      {
	w2log("MySQL server from group: $groups[$i] is not running",
	      "$opt_log", 0, 0);
      }
    }
    else
    {
      print "MySQL server from group: $groups[$i] is running\n";
      if (!$opt_no_log)
      {
	w2log("MySQL server from group: $groups[$i] is running",
	      "$opt_log", 0, 0);
      }
    }
  }
  if (!$i)
  {
    print "No groups to be reported (check your GNRs)\n";
    if (!$opt_no_log)
    {
      w2log("No groups to be reported (check your GNRs)", "$opt_log", 0, 0);
    }
  }
}

####
#### start multiple servers
####

sub start_mysqlds()
{
  my (@groups, $com, $tmp, $i, @options, $j, $mysqld_found, $info_sent);

  if (!$opt_no_log)
  {
    w2log("\nStarting MySQL servers\n","$opt_log",0,0);
  }
  else
  {
    print "\nStarting MySQL servers\n";
  }
  @groups = &find_groups($groupids);
  for ($i = 0; defined($groups[$i]); $i++)
  {
    $com = "my_print_defaults";
    $com.= defined($opt_config_file) ? " --config-file=$opt_config_file" : "";
    $com.= " $groups[$i]";
    @options = `$com`;
    chop @options;

    $mysqld_found= 1; # The default
    $mysqld_found= 0 if (!length($mysqld));
    $com= "$mysqld";
    for ($j = 0, $tmp= ""; defined($options[$j]); $j++)
    {
      if ("--mysqladmin=" eq substr($options[$j], 0, 13))
      {
	# catch this and ignore
      }
      elsif ("--mysqld=" eq substr($options[$j], 0, 9))
      {
	$options[$j]=~ s/\-\-mysqld\=//;
	$com= $options[$j];
        $mysqld_found= 1;
      }
      else
      {
	$options[$j]=~ s/;/\\;/g;
	$options[$j]= quote_opt_arg($options[$j]);
	$tmp.= " $options[$j]";
      }
    }
    if ($opt_verbose && $com =~ m/\/safe_mysqld$/ && !$info_sent)
    {
      print "WARNING: safe_mysqld is being used to start mysqld. In this case you ";
      print "may need to pass\n\"ledir=...\" under groups [mysqldN] to ";
      print "safe_mysqld in order to find the actual mysqld binary.\n";
      print "ledir (library executable directory) should be the path to the ";
      print "wanted mysqld binary.\n\n";
      $info_sent= 1;
    }
    $com.= $tmp;
    $com.= " >> $opt_log 2>&1" if (!$opt_no_log);
    $com.= " &";
    if (!$mysqld_found)
    {
      print "\n";
      print "FATAL ERROR: Tried to start mysqld under group [$groups[$i]], ";
      print "but no mysqld binary was found.\n";
      print "Please add \"mysqld=...\" in group [mysqld_multi], or add it to ";
      print "group [$groups[$i]] separately.\n";
      exit(1);
    }
    system($com);
  }
  if (!$i && !$opt_no_log)
  {
    w2log("No MySQL servers to be started (check your GNRs)",
	  "$opt_log", 0, 0);
  }
}

####
#### stop multiple servers
####

sub stop_mysqlds()
{
  my (@groups, $com, $i, @options);

  if (!$opt_no_log)
  {
    w2log("\nStopping MySQL servers\n","$opt_log",0,0);
  }
  else
  {
    print "\nStopping MySQL servers\n";
  }
  @groups = &find_groups($groupids);
  for ($i = 0; defined($groups[$i]); $i++)
  {
    $com= get_mysqladmin_options($i, @groups);
    $com.= " shutdown";
    $com.= " >> $opt_log 2>&1" if (!$opt_no_log);
    $com.= " &";
    system($com);
  }
  if (!$i && !$opt_no_log)
  {
    w2log("No MySQL servers to be stopped (check your GNRs)",
	  "$opt_log", 0, 0);
  }
}

####
#### Sub function for mysqladmin option parsing
####

sub get_mysqladmin_options
{
  my ($i, @groups)= @_;
  my ($mysqladmin_found, $com, $tmp, $j);

  $com = "my_print_defaults";
  $com.= defined($opt_config_file) ? " --config-file=$opt_config_file" : "";
  $com.= " $groups[$i]";
  @options = `$com`;
  chop @options;

  $mysqladmin_found= 1; # The default
  $mysqladmin_found= 0 if (!length($mysqladmin));
  $com = "$mysqladmin";
  $tmp = " -u $opt_user";
  $tmp.= defined($opt_password) ? " -p$opt_password" : "";
  $tmp.= $opt_tcp_ip ? " -h 127.0.0.1" : "";
  for ($j = 0; defined($options[$j]); $j++)
  {
    if ("--mysqladmin=" eq substr($options[$j], 0, 13))
    {
      $options[$j]=~ s/\-\-mysqladmin\=//;
      $com= $options[$j];
      $mysqladmin_found= 1;
    }
    elsif ((($options[$j] =~ m/^(\-\-socket\=)(.*)$/) && !$opt_tcp_ip) ||
	   ($options[$j] =~ m/^(\-\-port\=)(.*)$/))
    {
      $tmp.= " $options[$j]";
    }
  }
  if (!$mysqladmin_found)
  {
    print "\n";
    print "FATAL ERROR: Tried to use mysqladmin in group [$groups[$i]], ";
    print "but no mysqladmin binary was found.\n";
    print "Please add \"mysqladmin=...\" in group [mysqld_multi], or ";
    print "in group [$groups[$i]].\n";
    exit(1);
  }
  $com.= $tmp;
  return $com;
}

####
#### Find groups. Takes the valid group numbers as an argument, parses
#### them, puts them in the ascending order, removes duplicates and
#### returns the wanted groups accordingly.
####

sub find_groups
{
  my ($raw_gids) = @_;
  my (@groups, @data, @tmp, $line, $i, $k, @pre_gids, @gids, @tmp2,
      $prev_value);

  # Read the lines from the config file to variable 'data'
  if (defined($opt_config_file))
  {
    open(MY_CNF, "<$opt_config_file") && (@data=<MY_CNF>) && close(MY_CNF);
  }
  else
  {
    if (-f "/etc/my.cnf" && -r "/etc/my.cnf")
    {
      open(MY_CNF, "</etc/my.cnf") && (@tmp=<MY_CNF>) && close(MY_CNF);
    }
    for ($i = 0; ($line = shift @tmp); $i++)
    {
      $data[$i] = $line;
    }
    if (defined($ENV{MYSQL_HOME}) && -f "$ENV{MYSQL_HOME}/my.cnf" &&
	-r "$ENV{MYSQL_HOME}/my.cnf")
    {
      open(MY_CNF, "<$ENV{MYSQL_HOME}/my.cnf") && (@tmp=<MY_CNF>) &&
      close(MY_CNF);
    }
    for (; ($line = shift @tmp); $i++)
    {
      $data[$i] = $line;
    }
    if (-f "$homedir/.my.cnf" && -r "$homedir/.my.cnf")
    {
      open(MY_CNF, "<$homedir/.my.cnf") && (@tmp=<MY_CNF>) && close(MY_CNF);
    }
    for (; ($line = shift @tmp); $i++)
    {
      $data[$i] = $line;
    }
  }
  chop @data;
  # Make a list of the wanted group ids
  if (defined($raw_gids))
  {
    @pre_gids = split(',', $raw_gids);
  }
  if (defined($raw_gids))
  {
    for ($i = 0, $j = 0; defined($pre_gids[$i]); $i++)
    {
      if ($pre_gids[$i] =~ m/^(\d+)$/)
      {
	$gids[$j] = $1;
	$j++;
      }
      elsif ($pre_gids[$i] =~ m/^(\d+)(\-)(\d+)$/)
      {
	for ($k = $1; $k <= $3; $k++)
	{
	  $gids[$j] = $k;
	  $j++;
	}
      }
      else
      {
	print "ABORT: Bad GNR: $pre_gids[$i] See $my_progname --help\n";
	exit(1);
      }
    }
  }
  # Sort the list of gids numerically in ascending order
  @gids = sort {$a <=> $b} @gids;
  # Remove non-positive integers and duplicates
  for ($i = 0, $j = 0; defined($gids[$i]); $i++)
  {
    next if ($gids[$i] <= 0);
    if (!$i || $prev_value != $gids[$i])
    {
      $tmp2[$j] = $gids[$i];
      $j++;
    }
    $prev_value = $gids[$i];
  }
  @gids = @tmp2;
  # Find and return the wanted groups
  for ($i = 0, $j = 0; defined($data[$i]); $i++)
  {
    if ($data[$i] =~ m/^(\s*\[\s*)(mysqld)(\d+)(\s*\]\s*)$/)
    {
      if (defined($raw_gids))
      {
	for ($k = 0; defined($gids[$k]); $k++)
	{
	  if ($gids[$k] == $3)
	  {
	    $groups[$j] = $2 . $3;
	    $j++;
	  }
	}
      }
      else
      {
	$groups[$j] = $2 . $3;
	$j++;
      }
    }
  }
  return @groups;
}

####
#### w2log: Write to a logfile.
#### 1.arg: append to the log file (given string, or from a file. if a file,
####        file will be read from $opt_logdir)
#### 2.arg: logfile -name (w2log assumes that the logfile is in $opt_logdir).
#### 3.arg. 0 | 1, if true, print current date to the logfile. 3. arg will
####        be ignored, if 1. arg is a file.
#### 4.arg. 0 | 1, if true, first argument is a file, else a string
####

sub w2log
{
  my ($msg, $file, $date_flag, $is_file)= @_;
  my (@data);

  open (LOGFILE, ">>$opt_log")
    or die "FATAL: w2log: Couldn't open log file: $opt_log\n";

  if ($is_file)
  {
    open (FROMFILE, "<$msg") && (@data=<FROMFILE>) &&
      close(FROMFILE)
	or die "FATAL: w2log: Couldn't open file: $msg\n";
    foreach my $line (@data)
    {
      print LOGFILE "$line";
    }
  }
  else
  {
    print LOGFILE "$msg";
    print LOGFILE strftime "%a %b %e %H:%M:%S %Y", localtime if ($date_flag);
    print LOGFILE "\n";
  }
  close (LOGFILE);
  return;
}

####
#### my_which is used, because we can't assume that every system has the
#### which -command. my_which can take only one argument at a time.
#### Return values: requested system command with the first found path,
#### or undefined, if not found.
####

sub my_which
{
  my ($command) = @_;
  my (@paths, $path);

  return $command if (-f $command && -x $command);
  @paths = split(':', $ENV{'PATH'});
  foreach $path (@paths)
  {
    $path .= "/$command";
    return $path if (-f $path && -x $path);
  }
  return undef();
}


####
#### example
####

sub example
{
  print <<EOF;
# This is an example of a my.cnf file for $my_progname.
# Usually this file is located in home dir ~/.my.cnf or /etc/my.cnf
#
# SOME IMPORTANT NOTES FOLLOW:
#
# 1.COMMON USER
#
#   Make sure that the MySQL user, who is stopping the mysqld services, has
#   the same password to all MySQL servers being accessed by $my_progname.
#   This user needs to have the 'Shutdown_priv' -privilege, but for security
#   reasons should have no other privileges. It is advised that you create a
#   common 'multi_admin' user for all MySQL servers being controlled by
#   $my_progname. Here is an example how to do it:
#
#   GRANT SHUTDOWN ON *.* TO multi_admin\@localhost IDENTIFIED BY 'password'
#
#   You will need to apply the above to all MySQL servers that are being
#   controlled by $my_progname. 'multi_admin' will shutdown the servers
#   using 'mysqladmin' -binary, when '$my_progname stop' is being called.
#
# 2.PID-FILE
#
#   If you are using mysqld_safe to start mysqld, make sure that every
#   MySQL server has a separate pid-file. In order to use mysqld_safe
#   via $my_progname, you need to use two options:
#
#   mysqld=/path/to/mysqld_safe
#   ledir=/path/to/mysqld-binary/
#
#   ledir (library executable directory), is an option that only mysqld_safe
#   accepts, so you will get an error if you try to pass it to mysqld directly.
#   For this reason you might want to use the above options within [mysqld#]
#   group directly.
#
# 3.DATA DIRECTORY
#
#   It is NOT advised to run many MySQL servers within the same data directory.
#   You can do so, but please make sure to understand and deal with the
#   underlying caveats. In short they are:
#   - Speed penalty
#   - Risk of table/data corruption
#   - Data synchronising problems between the running servers
#   - Heavily media (disk) bound
#   - Relies on the system (external) file locking
#   - Is not applicable with all table types. (Such as InnoDB)
#     Trying so will end up with undesirable results.
#
# 4.TCP/IP Port
#
#   Every server requires one and it must be unique.
#
# 5.[mysqld#] Groups
#
#   In the example below the first and the fifth mysqld group was
#   intentionally left out. You may have 'gaps' in the config file. This
#   gives you more flexibility.
#
# 6.MySQL Server User
#
#   You can pass the user=... option inside [mysqld#] groups. This
#   can be very handy in some cases, but then you need to run $my_progname
#   as UNIX root.
#
# 7.A Start-up Manage Script for $my_progname
#
#   In the recent MySQL distributions you can find a file called
#   mysqld_multi.server.sh. It is a wrapper for $my_progname. This can
#   be used to start and stop multiple servers during boot and shutdown.
#
#   You can place the file in /etc/init.d/mysqld_multi.server.sh and
#   make the needed symbolic links to it from various run levels
#   (as per Linux/Unix standard). You may even replace the
#   /etc/init.d/mysql.server script with it.
#
#   Before using, you must create a my.cnf file either in /etc/my.cnf
#   or /root/.my.cnf and add the [mysqld_multi] and [mysqld#] groups.
#
#   The script can be found from support-files/mysqld_multi.server.sh
#   in MySQL distribution. (Verify the script before using)
#

[mysqld_multi]
mysqld     = @bindir@/mysqld_safe
mysqladmin = @bindir@/mysqladmin
user       = multi_admin
password   = my_password

[mysqld2]
socket     = /tmp/mysql.sock2
port       = 3307
pid-file   = @localstatedir@2/hostname.pid2
datadir    = @localstatedir@2
language   = @datadir@/mysql/english
user       = unix_user1

[mysqld3]
mysqld     = /path/to/safe_mysqld/safe_mysqld
ledir      = /path/to/mysqld-binary/
mysqladmin = /path/to/mysqladmin/mysqladmin
socket     = /tmp/mysql.sock3
port       = 3308
pid-file   = @localstatedir@3/hostname.pid3
datadir    = @localstatedir@3
language   = @datadir@/mysql/swedish
user       = unix_user2

[mysqld4]
socket     = /tmp/mysql.sock4
port       = 3309
pid-file   = @localstatedir@4/hostname.pid4
datadir    = @localstatedir@4
language   = @datadir@/mysql/estonia
user       = unix_user3
 
[mysqld6]
socket     = /tmp/mysql.sock6
port       = 3311
pid-file   = @localstatedir@6/hostname.pid6
datadir    = @localstatedir@6
language   = @datadir@/mysql/japanese
user       = unix_user4
EOF
  exit(0);
}

####
#### usage
####

sub usage
{
  print <<EOF;
$my_progname version $VER by Jani Tolonen

This software comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY. This is free software,
and you are welcome to modify and redistribute it under the GPL license.

Description:
$my_progname can be used to start, or stop any number of separate
mysqld processes running in different TCP/IP ports and UNIX sockets.

$my_progname can read group [mysqld_multi] from my.cnf file. You may
want to put options mysqld=... and mysqladmin=... there.  Since
version 2.10 these options can also be given under groups [mysqld#],
which gives more control over different versions.  One can have the
default mysqld and mysqladmin under group [mysqld_multi], but this is
not mandatory. Please note that if mysqld or mysqladmin is missing
from both [mysqld_multi] and [mysqld#], a group that is tried to be
used, $my_progname will abort with an error.

$my_progname will search for groups named [mysqld#] from my.cnf (or
the given --config-file=...), where '#' can be any positive integer
starting from 1. These groups should be the same as the regular
[mysqld] group, but with those port, socket and any other options
that are to be used with each separate mysqld process. The number
in the group name has another function; it can be used for starting,
stopping, or reporting any specific mysqld server.

Usage: $my_progname [OPTIONS] {start|stop|report} [GNR,GNR,GNR...]
or     $my_progname [OPTIONS] {start|stop|report} [GNR-GNR,GNR,GNR-GNR,...]

The GNR means the group number. You can start, stop or report any GNR,
or several of them at the same time. (See --example) The GNRs list can
be comma separated or a dash combined. The latter means that all the
GNRs between GNR1-GNR2 will be affected. Without GNR argument all the
groups found will either be started, stopped, or reported. Note that
syntax for specifying GNRs must appear without spaces.

Options:
--config-file=...  Alternative config file.
                   Using: $opt_config_file
--example          Give an example of a config file with extra information.
--help             Print this help and exit.
--log=...          Log file. Full path to and the name for the log file. NOTE:
                   If the file exists, everything will be appended.
                   Using: $opt_log
--mysqladmin=...   mysqladmin binary to be used for a server shutdown.
                   Since version 2.10 this can be given within groups [mysqld#]
                   Using: $mysqladmin
--mysqld=...       mysqld binary to be used. Note that you can give mysqld_safe
                   to this option also. The options are passed to mysqld. Just
                   make sure you have mysqld in your PATH or fix mysqld_safe.
                   Using: $mysqld
                   Please note: Since mysqld_multi version 2.3 you can also
                   give this option inside groups [mysqld#] in ~/.my.cnf,
                   where '#' stands for an integer (number) of the group in
                   question. This will be recognised as a special option and
                   will not be passed to the mysqld. This will allow one to
                   start different mysqld versions with mysqld_multi.
--no-log           Print to stdout instead of the log file. By default the log
                   file is turned on.
--password=...     Password for mysqladmin user.
--silent           Disable warnings.
--tcp-ip           Connect to the MySQL server(s) via the TCP/IP port instead
                   of the UNIX socket. This affects stopping and reporting.
                   If a socket file is missing, the server may still be
                   running, but can be accessed only via the TCP/IP port.
                   By default connecting is done via the UNIX socket.
--user=...         mysqladmin user. Using: $opt_user
--verbose          Be more verbose.
--version          Print the version number and exit.
EOF
  exit(0);
}