CREATE TABLE t1 (id int(11) NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, name varchar(20),
INDEX (name)) ENGINE=InnoDB;
CREATE TABLE t2 (id int(11) NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, fkey int(11),
FOREIGN KEY (fkey) REFERENCES t2(id)) ENGINE=InnoDB;
INSERT INTO t1 VALUES (1,'A1'),(2,'A2'),(3,'B');
INSERT INTO t2 VALUES (1,1),(2,2),(3,2),(4,3),(5,3);
EXPLAIN
SELECT COUNT(*) FROM t2 LEFT JOIN t1 ON t2.fkey = t1.id 
WHERE t1.name LIKE 'A%';
id	select_type	table	type	possible_keys	key	key_len	ref	rows	Extra
1	SIMPLE	t1	index	PRIMARY,name	name	23	NULL	3	Using where; Using index
1	SIMPLE	t2	ref	fkey	fkey	5	test.t1.id	1	Using where; Using index
EXPLAIN
SELECT COUNT(*) FROM t2 LEFT JOIN t1 ON t2.fkey = t1.id 
WHERE t1.name LIKE 'A%' OR FALSE;
id	select_type	table	type	possible_keys	key	key_len	ref	rows	Extra
1	SIMPLE	t2	index	NULL	fkey	5	NULL	5	Using index
1	SIMPLE	t1	eq_ref	PRIMARY	PRIMARY	4	test.t2.fkey	1	Using where
DROP TABLE t1,t2;
CREATE TABLE t1(a int, b int, KEY (a), PRIMARY KEY (b))  ENGINE=InnoDB;
CREATE TABLE t2 (b int, PRIMARY KEY (b));
INSERT INTO t2 VALUES (4),(9);
SELECT STRAIGHT_JOIN t1.a FROM t1 RIGHT JOIN t2 ON t1.b = t2.b
WHERE (t1.b NOT BETWEEN 1 AND 7 OR t1.a IS NULL AND t1.b = t2.b) AND t2.b = 4
GROUP BY 1;
a
DROP TABLE t1,t2;