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78 Commits

Author SHA1 Message Date
43465352b9 Merge 11.4 into 11.6 2024-10-03 16:09:56 +03:00
12a91b57e2 Merge 10.11 into 11.2 2024-10-03 13:24:43 +03:00
7e0afb1c73 Merge 10.5 into 10.6 2024-10-03 09:31:39 +03:00
71649b93cf MDEV-31933: Make working view-protocol + ps-protocol (running two protocols together)
Fix for v. 10.6
2024-09-23 11:57:06 +07:00
0a5e4a0191 MDEV-31005: Make working cursor-protocol
Updated tests: cases with bugs or which cannot be run
with the cursor-protocol were excluded with
"--disable_cursor_protocol"/"--enable_cursor_protocol"

Fix for v.10.5
2024-09-18 18:39:26 +07:00
492a7c2430 Merge branch '11.5' into 11.6 2024-08-21 15:13:47 +02:00
342fa29615 Merge branch '11.4' into 11.5 2024-08-21 11:52:54 +02:00
6197e6abc4 Merge branch '10.11' into 11.2 2024-08-21 07:58:46 +02:00
fc5772ce17 Merge branch '10.5' into 10.6 2024-08-20 09:11:34 +02:00
db8ab4aca2 Sort result from table_statistics and index_statistics
This is needed as the order of rows are not deterministic,
especially in future versions of table statistics.
2024-08-19 11:14:11 +03:00
e644e130b0 MDEV-30623: Fix the testcase
- Fix view-protocol: long expressions in SELECT
  list should have "expr AS column_name".

- Also, moved the test from subselect*test to
  suite/json/t/json_table.test.
2024-07-16 12:52:31 +03:00
ecc7961140 MDEV-34571 Add page accessed and pages read from disk to table_stats
Trivial batch, using the handler statistics already collected for
the slow query log.

The reason for the changes in test cases was mainly to change to use
select TABLE_SCHEMA ... from information_schema.table_statistics instead
of 'show table_statistics' to avoid future changes to test results
if we add more columns to table_statistics.
2024-07-12 11:28:18 +03:00
36eba98817 MDEV-19123 Change default charset from latin1 to utf8mb4
Changing the default server character set from latin1 to utf8mb4.
2024-07-11 10:21:07 +04:00
4e805aed85 Merge remote-tracking branch 'origin/11.4' into 11.5 2024-07-10 12:17:09 +04:00
2447dda2c0 Merge branch '10.11' into 11.1 2024-07-08 22:40:16 +02:00
Rex
b418b60ebf MDEV-30623 JSON_TABLE in subquery not correctly marked as correlated
st_select_lex::update_correlated_cache() fails to take JSON_TABLE
functions in subqueries into account.

Reviewed by Sergei Petrunia (sergey@mariadb.com)
2024-07-09 04:45:29 +11:00
dcd8a64892 Merge branch '10.5' into 10.6 2024-07-03 13:27:23 +02:00
090cecd5e8 MDEV-31933: Make working view-protocol + ps-protocol (running two protocols together)
Fix for v. 10.5
2024-07-02 10:11:33 +07:00
775cba4d0f MDEV-33145 Add FLUSH GLOBAL STATUS
- FLUSH GLOBAL STATUS now resets most global_status_vars.
  At this stage, this is mainly to be used for testing.
- FLUSH SESSION STATUS added as an alias for FLUSH STATUS.
- FLUSH STATUS does not require any privilege (before required RELOAD).
- FLUSH GLOBAL STATUS requires RELOAD privilege.
- All global status reset moved to FLUSH GLOBAL STATUS.
- Replication semisync status variables are now reset by
  FLUSH GLOBAL STATUS.
- In test cases, the only changes are:
  - Replace FLUSH STATUS with FLUSH GLOBAL STATUS
  - Replace FLUSH STATUS with FLUSH STATUS; FLUSH GLOBAL STATUS.
    This was only done in a few tests where the test was using SHOW STATUS
    for both local and global variables.
- Uptime_since_flush_status is now always provided, independent if
  ENABLED_PROFILING is enabled when compiling MariaDB.
- @@global.Uptime_since_flush_status is reset on FLUSH GLOBAL STATUS
  and @@session.Uptime_since_flush_status is reset on FLUSH SESSION STATUS.
- When connected, @@session.Uptime_since_flush_status is set to 0.
2024-05-27 12:39:03 +02:00
fd247cc21f MDEV-31340 Remove MY_COLLATION_HANDLER::strcasecmp()
This patch also fixes:
  MDEV-33050 Build-in schemas like oracle_schema are accent insensitive
  MDEV-33084 LASTVAL(t1) and LASTVAL(T1) do not work well with lower-case-table-names=0
  MDEV-33085 Tables T1 and t1 do not work well with ENGINE=CSV and lower-case-table-names=0
  MDEV-33086 SHOW OPEN TABLES IN DB1 -- is case insensitive with lower-case-table-names=0
  MDEV-33088 Cannot create triggers in the database `MYSQL`
  MDEV-33103 LOCK TABLE t1 AS t2 -- alias is not case sensitive with lower-case-table-names=0
  MDEV-33109 DROP DATABASE MYSQL -- does not drop SP with lower-case-table-names=0
  MDEV-33110 HANDLER commands are case insensitive with lower-case-table-names=0
  MDEV-33119 User is case insensitive in INFORMATION_SCHEMA.VIEWS
  MDEV-33120 System log table names are case insensitive with lower-cast-table-names=0

- Removing the virtual function strnncoll() from MY_COLLATION_HANDLER

- Adding a wrapper function CHARSET_INFO::streq(), to compare
  two strings for equality. For now it calls strnncoll() internally.
  In the future it will turn into a virtual function.

- Adding new accent sensitive case insensitive collations:
    - utf8mb4_general1400_as_ci
    - utf8mb3_general1400_as_ci
  They implement accent sensitive case insensitive comparison.
  The weight of a character is equal to the code point of its
  upper case variant. These collations use Unicode-14.0.0 casefolding data.

  The result of
     my_charset_utf8mb3_general1400_as_ci.strcoll()
  is very close to the former
     my_charset_utf8mb3_general_ci.strcasecmp()

  There is only a difference in a couple dozen rare characters, because:
    - the switch from "tolower" to "toupper" comparison, to make
      utf8mb3_general1400_as_ci closer to utf8mb3_general_ci
    - the switch from Unicode-3.0.0 to Unicode-14.0.0
  This difference should be tolarable. See the list of affected
  characters in the MDEV description.

  Note, utf8mb4_general1400_as_ci correctly handles non-BMP characters!
  Unlike utf8mb4_general_ci, it does not treat all BMP characters
  as equal.

- Adding classes representing names of the file based database objects:

    Lex_ident_db
    Lex_ident_table
    Lex_ident_trigger

  Their comparison collation depends on the underlying
  file system case sensitivity and on --lower-case-table-names
  and can be either my_charset_bin or my_charset_utf8mb3_general1400_as_ci.

- Adding classes representing names of other database objects,
  whose names have case insensitive comparison style,
  using my_charset_utf8mb3_general1400_as_ci:

  Lex_ident_column
  Lex_ident_sys_var
  Lex_ident_user_var
  Lex_ident_sp_var
  Lex_ident_ps
  Lex_ident_i_s_table
  Lex_ident_window
  Lex_ident_func
  Lex_ident_partition
  Lex_ident_with_element
  Lex_ident_rpl_filter
  Lex_ident_master_info
  Lex_ident_host
  Lex_ident_locale
  Lex_ident_plugin
  Lex_ident_engine
  Lex_ident_server
  Lex_ident_savepoint
  Lex_ident_charset
  engine_option_value::Name

- All the mentioned Lex_ident_xxx classes implement a method streq():

  if (ident1.streq(ident2))
     do_equal();

  This method works as a wrapper for CHARSET_INFO::streq().

- Changing a lot of "LEX_CSTRING name" to "Lex_ident_xxx name"
  in class members and in function/method parameters.

- Replacing all calls like
    system_charset_info->coll->strcasecmp(ident1, ident2)
  to
    ident1.streq(ident2)

- Taking advantage of the c++11 user defined literal operator
  for LEX_CSTRING (see m_strings.h) and Lex_ident_xxx (see lex_ident.h)
  data types. Use example:

  const Lex_ident_column primary_key_name= "PRIMARY"_Lex_ident_column;

  is now a shorter version of:

  const Lex_ident_column primary_key_name=
    Lex_ident_column({STRING_WITH_LEN("PRIMARY")});
2024-04-18 15:22:10 +04:00
7a5448f8da Merge branch '11.0' into 11.1 2023-12-19 20:11:54 +01:00
8c8bce05d2 Merge branch '10.11' into 11.0 2023-12-19 15:53:18 +01:00
e95bba9c58 Merge branch '10.5' into 10.6 2023-12-17 11:20:43 +01:00
af2e91d9f2 fix for the test (real fixes will be in 10.4) 2023-12-02 01:03:55 +01:00
98a39b0c91 Merge branch '10.4' into 10.5 2023-12-02 01:02:50 +01:00
2fe3e033e6 main.subselect* often fails on CI with ER_SUBQUERY_NO_1_ROW
Using mysql.slow_log was a test table would generate more than
one row if there was more than one row in the table.

Replace this table with a empty table with PK.

Reviewer: Rex Johnston
2023-11-30 16:15:26 +11:00
69d294e755 MDEV-29070 SIGSEGV in my_decimal::operator= and Assertion `0' failed and in Item_type_holder::val_decimal on SELECT
The bug is fixed by the patch ported from MySQL. See the comprehensive
description below.

commit 455c4e8810c76430719b1a08a63ca0f69f44678a
Author: Guilhem Bichot <guilhem.bichot@oracle.com>
Date:   Fri Mar 13 17:51:27 2015 +0100

    Bug#17668844: CRASH/ASSERT AT ITEM_TYPE_HOLDER::VAL_STR IN ITEM.C

    We have a predicate of the form:
    literal_row <=> (a UNION)

    The subquery is constant, so Item_cache objects are used for its
    SELECT list.
    In order, this happens:
    - Item_subselect::fix_fields() calls select_lex_unit::prepare,
    where we create Item_type_holder's
    (appended to unit->types list), create the tmp table (using type info
    found in unit->types), and call fill_item_list() to put the
    Item_field's of this table into unit->item_list.
    - Item_subselect::fix_length_and_dec() calls set_row() which
    makes Item_cache's of the subquery wrap the Item_type_holder's
    - When/if a first result row is found for the subquery,
    Item_cache's are re-pointed to unit->item_list
    (i.e. Item_field objects which reference the UNION's tmp table
    columns) (see call to Item_singlerow_subselect::store()).
    - In our subquery, no result row is found, so the Item_cache's
    still wrap Item_type_holder's; evaluating '<=>' reads the
    value of those, but Item_type_holder objects are not expected to be
    evaluated.

    Fix: instead of putting unit->types into Item_cache, and later
    replacing with unit->item_list, put unit->item_list in Item_cache from
    the start.

Approved by Oleksandr Byelkin <sanja@mariadb.com>
2023-11-24 18:30:14 +07:00
0f4df26bec Merge branch '10.4' into mariadb-10.4.32 2023-11-14 08:14:44 +01:00
0f5613a25f Merge branch '11.0' into 11.1 2023-11-08 18:03:08 +01:00
48af85db21 Merge branch '10.11' into 11.0 2023-11-08 17:09:44 +01:00
b83c379420 Merge branch '10.5' into 10.6 2023-11-08 15:57:05 +01:00
6cfd2ba397 Merge branch '10.4' into 10.5 2023-11-08 12:59:00 +01:00
fefd6d5559 MDEV-32656: ASAN errors in base_list_iterator::next / setup_table_map upon 2nd execution of PS
Correctly supress error issuing when saving value in field for comporison
2023-11-08 12:08:23 +01:00
7533062f17 MDEV-32518 Test failure: ./mtr --no-reorder main.log_slow_debug main.subselect
There where two errors left from the previous fix.

- subselect.test assumes that mysql.slow_log is empty. This was not
  enforced.
- subselect.test dropped a file that does not exists (for safety).
  This was fixed by ensuring we don't get a warning if the file does
  not exist.
2023-11-03 11:42:52 +02:00
c4143f9095 Make the test more stable 2023-10-30 13:27:58 +01:00
f5fae75652 Merge branch '11.0' into 11.1 2023-08-09 08:25:14 +02:00
51f9d62005 Merge branch '10.11' into 11.0 2023-08-09 07:53:48 +02:00
6bf8483cac Merge branch '10.5' into 10.6 2023-08-01 15:08:52 +02:00
f291c3df2c Merge branch '10.4' into 10.5 2023-07-27 15:43:21 +02:00
9854fb6fa7 MDEV-31003: Second execution for ps-protocol
This patch adds for "--ps-protocol" second execution
of queries "SELECT".
Also in this patch it is added ability to disable/enable
(--disable_ps2_protocol/--enable_ps2_protocol) second
execution for "--ps-prototocol" in testcases.
2023-07-26 17:15:00 +07:00
cbabb95915 Merge branch '11.0' into 11.1 2023-06-05 20:15:15 +02:00
c7fe8e51de Merge 10.11 into 11.0 2023-04-17 16:50:01 +03:00
5bada1246d Merge 10.5 into 10.6 2023-04-11 16:15:19 +03:00
ac5a534a4c Merge remote-tracking branch '10.4' into 10.5 2023-03-31 21:32:41 +02:00
9a3fd1df01 Adjusted test results after rebase against 11.0.1 2023-03-15 17:35:22 -07:00
88ca62dc68 MDEV-28965 Assertion failure when preparing UPDATE with derived table in WHERE
This patch fixes not only the assertion failure in the function
Field_iterator_table_ref::set_field_iterator() but also:
 - fixes the problem of forced materialization of derived tables used
   in subqueries contained in WHERE clauses of single-table and multi-table
   UPDATE and DELETE statements
 - fixes the problem of MDEV-17954 that prevented execution of multi-table
   DELETE statements if they use in their WHERE clauses references to
   the tables that are updated.

The patch must be considered a complement to the patch for MDEV-28883.

Approved by Oleksandr Byelkin <sanja@mariadb.com>
2023-03-15 17:35:22 -07:00
ccec9b1de9 MDEV-30706 Different results of selects from view and CTE with same definition
MDEV-30668 Set function aggregated in outer select used in view definition

This patch fixes two bugs concerning views whose specifications contain
subqueries with set functions aggregated in outer selects.
Due to the first bug those such views that have implicit grouping were
considered as mergeable. This led to wrong result sets for selects from
these views.
Due to the second bug the aggregation select was determined incorrectly and
this led to bogus error messages.
The patch added several test cases for these two bugs and for four other
duplicate bugs.
The patch also enables view-protocol for many other test cases.

Approved by Oleksandr Byelkin <sanja@mariadb.com>
2023-03-02 07:51:33 -08:00
727491b72a Added test cases for preceding test
This includes all test changes from
"Changing all cost calculation to be given in milliseconds"
and forwards.

Some of the things that caused changes in the result files:

- As part of fixing tests, I added 'echo' to some comments to be able to
  easier find out where things where wrong.
- MATERIALIZED has now a higher cost compared to X than before. Because
  of this some MATERIALIZED types have changed to DEPENDEND SUBQUERY.
  - Some test cases that required MATERIALIZED to repeat a bug was
    changed by adding more rows to force MATERIALIZED to happen.
- 'Filtered' in SHOW EXPLAIN has in many case changed from 100.00 to
  something smaller. This is because now filtered also takes into
  account the smallest possible ref access and filters, even if they
  where not used. Another reason for 'Filtered' being smaller is that
  we now also take into account implicit filtering done for subqueries
  using FIRSTMATCH.
  (main.subselect_no_exists_to_in)
  This is caluculated in best_access_path() and stored in records_out.
- Table orders has changed because more accurate costs.
- 'index' and 'ALL' for small tables has changed to use 'range' or
   'ref' because of optimizer_scan_setup_cost.
- index can be changed to 'range' as 'range' optimizer assumes we don't
  have to read the blocks from disk that range optimizer has already read.
  This can be confusing in the case where there is no obvious where clause
  but instead there is a hidden 'key_column > NULL' added by the optimizer.
  (main.subselect_no_exists_to_in)
- Scan on primary clustered key does not report 'Using Index' anymore
  (It's a table scan, not an index scan).
- For derived tables, the number of rows is now 100 instead of 2,
  which can be seen in EXPLAIN.
- More tests have "Using index for group by" as the cost of this
  optimization is now more correct (lower).
- A primary key could be preferred for a normal key, even if it would
  access more rows, as it's faster to do 1 lokoup and 3 'index_next' on a
  clustered primary key than one lookup trough a secondary.
  (main.stat_tables_innodb)

Notes:

- There was a 4.7% more calls to best_extension_by_limited_search() in
  the main.greedy_optimizer test.  However examining the test results
  it looked that the plans where slightly better (eq_ref where more
  chained together) so I assume this is ok.
- I have verified a few test cases where there was notable/unexpected
  changes in the plan and in all cases the new optimizer plans where
  faster.  (main.greedy_optimizer and some others)
2023-02-03 00:00:35 +03:00
4515a89814 Fixed cost calculations for materialized tables
One effect of this change in the test suite is that tests with very few
rows changed to use sub queries instead of materialization. This is
correct and expected as for these the materialization overhead is too high.

A lot of tests where fixed to still use materialization by adding a
few rows to the tables (most tests has only 2-3 rows and are thus easily
affected when cost computations are changed).

Other things:
- Added more variables to TMPTABLE_COSTS for better cost calculation
- Added cost of copying rows to TMPTABLE_COSTS lookup and write
- Added THD::optimizer_cache_hit_ratio for easier cost calculations
- Added DISK_FAST_READ_SIZE to be used when calculating costs when
  reading big blocks from a disk
2023-02-02 22:58:38 +03:00
b6215b9b20 Update row and key fetch cost models to take into account data copy costs
Before this patch, when calculating the cost of fetching and using a
row/key from the engine, we took into account the cost of finding a
row or key from the engine, but did not consistently take into account
index only accessed, clustered key or covered keys for all access
paths.

The cost of the WHERE clause (TIME_FOR_COMPARE) was not consistently
considered in best_access_path().  TIME_FOR_COMPARE was used in
calculation in other places, like greedy_search(), but was in some
cases (like scans) done an a different number of rows than was
accessed.

The cost calculation of row and index scans didn't take into account
the number of rows that where accessed, only the number of accepted
rows.

When using a filter, the cost of index_only_reads and cost of
accessing and disregarding 'filtered rows' where not taken into
account, which made filters cost less than there actually where.

To remedy the above, the following key & row fetch related costs
has been added:

- The cost of fetching and using a row is now split into different costs:
  - key + Row fetch cost (as before) but multiplied with the variable
  'optimizer_cache_cost' (default to 0.5). This allows the user to
  tell the optimizer the likehood of finding the key and row in the
  engine cache.
- ROW_COPY_COST, The cost copying a row from the engine to the
  sql layer or creating a row from the join_cache to the record
  buffer. Mostly affects table scan costs.
- ROW_LOOKUP_COST, the cost of fetching a row by rowid.
- KEY_COPY_COST the cost of finding the next key and copying it from
  the engine to the SQL layer. This is used when we calculate the cost
  index only reads. It makes index scans more expensive than before if
  they cover a lot of rows. (main.index_merge_myisam)
- KEY_LOOKUP_COST, the cost of finding the first key in a range.
  This replaces the old define IDX_LOOKUP_COST, but with a higher cost.
- KEY_NEXT_FIND_COST, the cost of finding the next key (and rowid).
  when doing a index scan and comparing the rowid to the filter.
  Before this cost was assumed to be 0.

All of the above constants/variables are now tuned to be somewhat in
proportion of executing complexity to each other.  There is tuning
need for these in the future, but that can wait until the above are
made user variables as that will make tuning much easier.

To make the usage of the above easy, there are new (not virtual)
cost calclation functions in handler:
- ha_read_time(), like read_time(), but take optimizer_cache_cost into
  account.
- ha_read_and_copy_time(), like ha_read_time() but take into account
  ROW_COPY_TIME
- ha_read_and_compare_time(), like ha_read_and_copy_time() but take
  TIME_FOR_COMPARE into account.
- ha_rnd_pos_time(). Read row with row id, taking ROW_COPY_COST
  into account.  This is used with filesort where we don't need
  to execute the WHERE clause again.
- ha_keyread_time(), like keyread_time() but take
  optimizer_cache_cost into account.
- ha_keyread_and_copy_time(), like ha_keyread_time(), but add
  KEY_COPY_COST.
- ha_key_scan_time(), like key_scan_time() but take
  optimizer_cache_cost nto account.
- ha_key_scan_and_compare_time(), like ha_key_scan_time(), but add
  KEY_COPY_COST & TIME_FOR_COMPARE.

I also added some setup costs for doing different types of scans and
creating temporary tables (on disk and in memory). This encourages
the optimizer to not use these for simple 'a few row' lookups if
there are adequate key lookup strategies.
- TABLE_SCAN_SETUP_COST, cost of starting a table scan.
- INDEX_SCAN_SETUP_COST, cost of starting an index scan.
- HEAP_TEMPTABLE_CREATE_COST, cost of creating in memory
  temporary table.
- DISK_TEMPTABLE_CREATE_COST, cost of creating an on disk temporary
  table.

When calculating cost of fetching ranges, we had a cost of
IDX_LOOKUP_COST (0.125) for doing a key div for a new range. This is
now replaced with 'io_cost * KEY_LOOKUP_COST (1.0) *
optimizer_cache_cost', which matches the cost we use for 'ref' and
other key lookups. The effect is that the cost is now a bit higher
when we have many ranges for a key.

Allmost all calculation with TIME_FOR_COMPARE is now done in
best_access_path(). 'JOIN::read_time' now includes the full
cost for finding the rows in the table.

In the result files, many of the changes are now again close to what
they where before the "Update cost for hash and cached joins" commit,
as that commit didn't fix the filter cost (too complex to do
everything in one commit).

The above changes showed a lot of a lot of inconsistencies in
optimizer cost calculation. The main objective with the other changes
was to do calculation as similar (and accurate) as possible and to make
different plans more comparable.

Detailed list of changes:

- Calculate index_only_cost consistently and correctly for all scan
  and ref accesses. The row fetch_cost and index_only_cost now
  takes into account clustered keys, covered keys and index
  only accesses.
- cost_for_index_read now returns both full cost and index_only_cost
- Fixed cost calculation of get_sweep_read_cost() to match other
  similar costs. This is bases on the assumption that data is more
  often stored on SSD than a hard disk.
- Replaced constant 2.0 with new define TABLE_SCAN_SETUP_COST.
- Some scan cost estimates did not take into account
  TIME_FOR_COMPARE. Now all scan costs takes this into
  account. (main.show_explain)
- Added session variable optimizer_cache_hit_ratio (default 50%). By
  adjusting this on can reduce or increase the cost of index or direct
  record lookups. The effect of the default is that key lookups is now
  a bit cheaper than before. See usage of 'optimizer_cache_cost' in
  handler.h.
- JOIN_TAB::scan_time() did not take into account index only scans,
  which produced a wrong cost when index scan was used. Changed
  JOIN_TAB:::scan_time() to take into consideration clustered and
  covered keys. The values are now cached and we only have to call
  this function once. Other calls are changed to use the cached
  values.  Function renamed to JOIN_TAB::estimate_scan_time().
- Fixed that most index cost calculations are done the same way and
  more close to 'range' calculations. The cost is now lower than
  before for small data sets and higher for large data sets as we take
  into account how many keys are read (main.opt_trace_selectivity,
  main.limit_rows_examined).
- Ensured that index_scan_cost() ==
  range(scan_of_all_rows_in_table_using_one_range) +
  MULTI_RANGE_READ_INFO_CONST. One effect of this is that if there
  is choice of doing a full index scan and a range-index scan over
  almost the whole table then index scan will be preferred (no
  range-read setup cost).  (innodb.innodb, main.show_explain,
  main.range)
  - Fixed the EQ_REF and REF takes into account clustered and covered
    keys.  This changes some plans to use covered or clustered indexes
    as these are much cheaper.  (main.subselect_mat_cost,
    main.state_tables_innodb, main.limit_rows_examined)
  - Rowid filter setup cost and filter compare cost now takes into
    account fetching and checking the rowid (KEY_NEXT_FIND_COST).
    (main.partition_pruning heap.heap_btree main.log_state)
  - Added KEY_NEXT_FIND_COST to
    Range_rowid_filter_cost_info::lookup_cost to account of the time
    to find and check the next key value against the container
  - Introduced ha_keyread_time(rows) that takes into account finding
    the next row and copying the key value to 'record'
    (KEY_COPY_COST).
  - Introduced ha_key_scan_time() for calculating an index scan over
    all rows.
  - Added IDX_LOOKUP_COST to keyread_time() as a startup cost.
  - Added index_only_fetch_cost() as a convenience function to
    OPT_RANGE.
  - keyread_time() cost is slightly reduced to prefer shorter keys.
    (main.index_merge_myisam)
  - All of the above caused some index_merge combinations to be
    rejected because of cost (main.index_intersect). In some cases
    'ref' where replaced with index_merge because of the low
    cost calculation of get_sweep_read_cost().
  - Some index usage moved from PRIMARY to a covering index.
    (main.subselect_innodb)
- Changed cost calculation of filter to take KEY_LOOKUP_COST and
  TIME_FOR_COMPARE into account.  See sql_select.cc::apply_filter().
  filter parameters and costs are now written to optimizer_trace.
- Don't use matchings_records_in_range() to try to estimate the number
  of filtered rows for ranges. The reason is that we want to ensure
  that 'range' is calculated similar to 'ref'. There is also more work
  needed to calculate the selectivity when using ranges and ranges and
  filtering.  This causes filtering column in EXPLAIN EXTENDED to be
  100.00 for some cases where range cannot use filtering.
  (main.rowid_filter)
- Introduced ha_scan_time() that takes into account the CPU cost of
  finding the next row and copying the row from the engine to
  'record'. This causes costs of table scan to slightly increase and
  some test to changed their plan from ALL to RANGE or ALL to ref.
  (innodb.innodb_mysql, main.select_pkeycache)
  In a few cases where scan time of very small tables have lower cost
  than a ref or range, things changed from ref/range to ALL.
  (main.myisam, main.func_group, main.limit_rows_examined,
  main.subselect2)
- Introduced ha_scan_and_compare_time() which is like ha_scan_time()
  but also adds the cost of the where clause (TIME_FOR_COMPARE).
- Added small cost for creating temporary table for
  materialization. This causes some very small tables to use scan
  instead of materialization.
- Added checking of the WHERE clause (TIME_FOR_COMPARE) of the
  accepted rows to ROR costs in get_best_ror_intersect()
- Removed '- 0.001' from 'join->best_read' and optimize_straight_join()
  to ensure that the 'Last_query_cost' status variable contains the
  same value as the one that was calculated by the optimizer.
- Take avg_io_cost() into account in handler::keyread_time() and
  handler::read_time(). This should have no effect as it's 1.0 by
  default, except for heap that overrides these functions.
- Some 'ref_or_null' accesses changed to 'range' because of cost
  adjustments (main.order_by)
- Added scan type "scan_with_join_cache" for optimizer_trace. This is
  just to show in the trace what kind of scan was used.
- When using 'scan_with_join_cache' take into account number of
  preceding tables (as have to restore all fields for all previous
  table combination when checking the where clause)
  The new cost added is:
  (row_combinations * ROW_COPY_COST * number_of_cached_tables).
  This increases the cost of join buffering in proportion of the
  number of tables in the join buffer. One effect is that full scans
  are now done earlier as the cost is then smaller.
  (main.join_outer_innodb, main.greedy_optimizer)
- Removed the usage of 'worst_seeks' in cost_for_index_read as it
  caused wrong plans to be created; It prefered JT_EQ_REF even if it
  would be much more expensive than a full table scan. A related
  issue was that worst_seeks only applied to full lookup, not to
  clustered or index only lookups, which is not consistent. This
  caused some plans to use index scan instead of eq_ref (main.union)
- Changed federated block size from 4096 to 1500, which is the
  typical size of an IO packet.
- Added costs for reading rows to Federated. Needed as there is no
  caching of rows in the federated engine.
- Added ha_innobase::rnd_pos_time() cost function.
- A lot of extra things added to optimizer trace
  - More costs, especially for materialization and index_merge.
  - Make lables more uniform
  - Fixed a lot of minor bugs
  - Added 'trace_started()' around a lot of trace blocks.
- When calculating ORDER BY with LIMIT cost for using an index
  the cost did not take into account the number of row retrivals
  that has to be done or the cost of comparing the rows with the
  WHERE clause. The cost calculated would be just a fraction of
  the real cost. Now we calculate the cost as we do for ranges
  and 'ref'.
- 'Using index for group-by' is used a bit more than before as
  now take into account the WHERE clause cost when comparing
  with 'ref' and prefer the method with fewer row combinations.
  (main.group_min_max).

Bugs fixed:
- Fixed that we don't calculate TIME_FOR_COMPARE twice for some plans,
  like in optimize_straight_join() and greedy_search()
- Fixed bug in save_explain_data where we could test for the wrong
  index when displaying 'Using index'. This caused some old plans to
  show 'Using index'.  (main.subselect_innodb, main.subselect2)
- Fixed bug in get_best_ror_intersect() where 'min_cost' was not
  updated, and the cost we compared with was not the one that was
  used.
- Fixed very wrong cost calculation for priority queues in
  check_if_pq_applicable(). (main.order_by now correctly uses priority
  queue)
- When calculating cost of EQ_REF or REF, we added the cost of
  comparing the WHERE clause with the found rows, not all row
  combinations. This made ref and eq_ref to be regarded way to cheap
  compared to other access methods.
- FORCE INDEX cost calculation didn't take into account clustered or
  covered indexes.
- JT_EQ_REF cost was estimated as avg_io_cost(), which is half the
  cost of a JT_REF key. This may be true for InnoDB primary key, but
  not for other unique keys or other engines. Now we use handler
  function to calculate the cost, which allows us to handle
  consistently clustered, covered keys and not covered keys.
- ha_start_keyread() didn't call extra_opt() if keyread was already
  enabled but still changed the 'keyread' variable (which is wrong).
  Fixed by not doing anything if keyread is already enabled.
- multi_range_read_info_cost() didn't take into account io_cost when
  calculating the cost of ranges.
- fix_semijoin_strategies_for_picked_join_order() used the wrong
  record_count when calling best_access_path() for SJ_OPT_FIRST_MATCH
  and SJ_OPT_LOOSE_SCAN.
- Hash joins didn't provide correct best_cost to the upper level, which
  means that the cost for hash_joins more expensive than calculated
  in best_access_path (a difference of 10x * TIME_OF_COMPARE).
  This is fixed in the new code thanks to that we now include
  TIME_OF_COMPARE cost in 'read_time'.

Other things:
- Added some 'if (thd->trace_started())' to speed up code
- Removed not used function Cost_estimate::is_zero()
- Simplified testing of HA_POS_ERROR in get_best_ror_intersect().
  (No cost changes)
- Moved ha_start_keyread() from join_read_const_table() to join_read_const()
  to enable keyread for all types of JT_CONST tables.
- Made a few very short functions inline in handler.h

Notes:
- In main.rowid_filter the join order of order and lineitem is swapped.
  This is because the cost of doing a range fetch of lineitem(98 rows) is
  almost as big as the whole join of order,lineitem. The filtering will
  also ensure that we only have to do very small key fetches of the rows
  in lineitem.
- main.index_merge_myisam had a few changes where we are now using
  less keys for index_merge. This is because index scans are now more
  expensive than before.
- handler->optimizer_cache_cost is updated in ha_external_lock().
  This ensures that it is up to date per statements.
  Not an optimal solution (for locked tables), but should be ok for now.
- 'DELETE FROM t1 WHERE t1.a > 0 ORDER BY t1.a' does not take cost of
  filesort into consideration when table scan is chosen.
  (main.myisam_explain_non_select_all)
- perfschema.table_aggregate_global_* has changed because an update
  on a table with 1 row will now use table scan instead of key lookup.

TODO in upcomming commits:
- Fix selectivity calculation for ranges with and without filtering and
  when there is a ref access but scan is chosen.
  For this we have to store the lowest known value for
  'accepted_records' in the OPT_RANGE structure.
- Change that records_read does not include filtered rows.
- test_if_cheaper_ordering() needs to be updated to properly calculate
  costs. This will fix tests like main.order_by_innodb,
  main.single_delete_update
- Extend get_range_limit_read_cost() to take into considering
  cost_for_index_read() if there where no quick keys. This will reduce
  the computed cost for ORDER BY with LIMIT in some cases.
  (main.innodb_ext_key)
- Fix that we take into account selectivity when counting the number
  of rows we have to read when considering using a index table scan to
  resolve ORDER BY.
- Add new calculation for rnd_pos_time() where we take into account the
  benefit of reading multiple rows from the same page.
2023-02-02 21:43:30 +03:00