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manual.texi merged, oh so painful.

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@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ version see the relevant distribution.
@detailmenu --- The Detailed Node Listing --- @detailmenu --- The Detailed Node Listing ---
General Information about MySQL General Information About MySQL
* What-is:: What is @strong{MySQL}? * What-is:: What is @strong{MySQL}?
* Manual-info:: About this manual * Manual-info:: About this manual
@@ -960,7 +960,7 @@ Comments on porting to other systems
@cindex Overview @cindex Overview
@cindex General Information @cindex General Information
@node Introduction, Questions, Top, Top @node Introduction, Questions, Top, Top
@chapter General Information about MySQL @chapter General Information About MySQL
@menu @menu
* What-is:: What is @strong{MySQL}? * What-is:: What is @strong{MySQL}?
@@ -975,7 +975,7 @@ Comments on porting to other systems
@end menu @end menu
This is the @strong{MySQL} reference manual; it documents @strong{MySQL} This is the @strong{MySQL} reference manual; it documents @strong{MySQL}
version @value{mysql_version}. As @strong{MySQL} is work in progress, Version @value{mysql_version}. As @strong{MySQL} is work in progress,
the manual gets updated frequently. There is a very good chance that the manual gets updated frequently. There is a very good chance that
this version is out of date, unless you are looking at it online. The this version is out of date, unless you are looking at it online. The
most recent version of this manual is available at most recent version of this manual is available at
@@ -983,7 +983,7 @@ most recent version of this manual is available at
have a hard time finding information in the manual, you can try the have a hard time finding information in the manual, you can try the
searchable PHP version at @uref{http://www.mysql.com/documentation/manual.php}. searchable PHP version at @uref{http://www.mysql.com/documentation/manual.php}.
@strong{MySQL} is a very fast, multi-threaded, multi-user and robust SQL @strong{MySQL} is a very fast, multi-threaded, multi-user, and robust SQL
(Structured Query Language) database server. (Structured Query Language) database server.
@strong{MySQL} is free software. It is licensed with the @strong{GNU @strong{MySQL} is free software. It is licensed with the @strong{GNU
@@ -1004,7 +1004,11 @@ For installation instructions, see @ref{Installing}. For tips on porting
@strong{MySQL} to new architectures or operating systems, see @ref{Porting}. @strong{MySQL} to new architectures or operating systems, see @ref{Porting}.
@item @item
For information about upgrading from a 3.21 release, see For tips on porting @strong{MySQL} to new architectures or operating
systems, see @ref{Porting}.
@item
For information about upgrading from a Version 3.21 release, see
@ref{Upgrading-from-3.21}. @ref{Upgrading-from-3.21}.
@item @item
@@ -1030,7 +1034,7 @@ For a list of all the contributors to this project, see @ref{Credits}.
@strong{IMPORTANT:} @strong{IMPORTANT:}
Reports of errors (often called bugs), as well as questions and comments Reports of errors (often called bugs), as well as questions and comments,
should be sent to the mailing list at @email{mysql@@lists.mysql.com}. should be sent to the mailing list at @email{mysql@@lists.mysql.com}.
@xref{Bug reports}. @xref{Bug reports}.
The @code{mysqlbug} script should be used to generate bug reports. The @code{mysqlbug} script should be used to generate bug reports.
@@ -1050,7 +1054,7 @@ see @ref{General-SQL}. For books that focus more specifically on
@cindex @strong{MySQL}, what it is @cindex @strong{MySQL}, what it is
@node What-is, Manual-info, Introduction, Introduction @node What-is, Manual-info, Introduction, Introduction
@section What is MySQL @section What Is MySQL
@table @asis @table @asis
@@ -1058,7 +1062,7 @@ see @ref{General-SQL}. For books that focus more specifically on
A database is a structured collection of data. It may be anything from a A database is a structured collection of data. It may be anything from a
simple shopping list to a picture gallery or the vast amounts of simple shopping list to a picture gallery or the vast amounts of
information in a corporate network. To add, access and process data information in a corporate network. To add, access, and process data
stored in a computer database, you need a database management system stored in a computer database, you need a database management system
such as @strong{MySQL}. Since computers are very good at handling large such as @strong{MySQL}. Since computers are very good at handling large
amounts of data, database management plays a central role in computing, amounts of data, database management plays a central role in computing,
@@ -1073,7 +1077,7 @@ data from several tables on request. The SQL part of @strong{MySQL}
stands for "Structured Query Language" - the most common standardized stands for "Structured Query Language" - the most common standardized
language used to access databases. language used to access databases.
@item @strong{MySQL} is Open Source Software @item @strong{MySQL} is Open Source Software.
Open source means that it is possible for anyone to use and modify. Open source means that it is possible for anyone to use and modify.
Anybody can download @strong{MySQL} from the Internet and use it Anybody can download @strong{MySQL} from the Internet and use it
@@ -1087,7 +1091,7 @@ us.
@item Why use @strong{MySQL}? @item Why use @strong{MySQL}?
@strong{MySQL} is very fast, reliable and easy to use. If that is what @strong{MySQL} is very fast, reliable, and easy to use. If that is what
you are looking for, you should give it a try. @strong{MySQL} also has a you are looking for, you should give it a try. @strong{MySQL} also has a
very practical set of features developed in very close cooperation with very practical set of features developed in very close cooperation with
our users. You can find a performance comparison of @strong{MySQL} our users. You can find a performance comparison of @strong{MySQL}
@@ -1097,13 +1101,13 @@ to some other database managers on our benchmark page. @xref{Benchmarks}.
much faster than existing solutions and has been successfully used in much faster than existing solutions and has been successfully used in
highly demanding production environments for several years. Though highly demanding production environments for several years. Though
under constant development, @strong{MySQL} today offers a rich and very under constant development, @strong{MySQL} today offers a rich and very
useful set of functions. The connectivity, speed and security makes useful set of functions. The connectivity, speed, and security make
@strong{MySQL} highly suited for accessing databases on the Internet. @strong{MySQL} highly suited for accessing databases on the Internet.
@item The technical features of @strong{MySQL} @item The technical features of @strong{MySQL}
For advanced technical information, see @ref{Reference}. @strong{MySQL} is For advanced technical information, see @ref{Reference}. @strong{MySQL} is
a client/server system that consists of a multithreaded SQL server a client/server system that consists of a multi-threaded SQL server
that supports different backends, several different client programs and that supports different backends, several different client programs and
libraries, administrative tools, and a programming interface. libraries, administrative tools, and a programming interface.
@@ -1121,7 +1125,7 @@ MY-SEQUEL). But we try to avoid correcting people who say MY-SEQUEL.
@strong{MySQL} core values @strong{MySQL} core values
We want @strong{MySQL} to be We want @strong{MySQL} to be:
@itemize @bullet @itemize @bullet
@item @item
@@ -1138,7 +1142,7 @@ Fun to use and improve
Free from bugs Free from bugs
@end itemize @end itemize
@strong{MySQL AB} and the people of @strong{MySQL AB} @strong{MySQL AB} and the people of @strong{MySQL AB}:
@itemize @bullet @itemize @bullet
@item @item
@@ -1157,14 +1161,14 @@ Work against software patents
@cindex Manual information @cindex Manual information
@node Manual-info, History, What-is, Introduction @node Manual-info, History, What-is, Introduction
@section About this manual @section About This Manual
@menu @menu
* Manual conventions:: Conventions used in this manual * Manual conventions:: Conventions used in this manual
@end menu @end menu
This manual is currently available in Texinfo, plain text, Info, HTML, This manual is currently available in Texinfo, plain text, Info, HTML,
PostScript and PDF versions. The primary document is the Texinfo file. PostScript, and PDF versions. The primary document is the Texinfo file.
The HTML version is produced automatically using a modified version of The HTML version is produced automatically using a modified version of
@code{texi2html}. The plain text and Info versions are produced with @code{texi2html}. The plain text and Info versions are produced with
@code{makeinfo}. The Postscript version is produced using @code{texi2dvi} @code{makeinfo}. The Postscript version is produced using @code{texi2dvi}
@@ -1175,7 +1179,7 @@ Widenius, Jeremy Cole, and Paul DuBois. For other contributors,
see @ref{Credits}. see @ref{Credits}.
@node Manual conventions, , Manual-info, Manual-info @node Manual conventions, , Manual-info, Manual-info
@subsection Conventions used in this manual @subsection Conventions Used in This Manual
This manual uses certain typographical conventions: This manual uses certain typographical conventions:
@@ -1200,8 +1204,8 @@ character.''
Italic font is used for emphasis, @emph{like this}. Italic font is used for emphasis, @emph{like this}.
@item @strong{boldface} @item @strong{boldface}
Boldface font is used for access privilege names (e.g., ``do not grant the Boldface font is used for access privilege names (for example, ``do not grant
@strong{process} privilege lightly'') and occasionally to convey the @strong{process} privilege lightly'') and occasionally to convey
@strong{especially strong emphasis}. @strong{especially strong emphasis}.
@end table @end table
@@ -1242,7 +1246,7 @@ mysql> SELECT col_name FROM db_name.tbl_name;
@end example @end example
This means that if you were to enter a similar statement, you would supply This means that if you were to enter a similar statement, you would supply
your own database, table and column names, perhaps like this: your own database, table, and column names, perhaps like this:
@example @example
mysql> SELECT author_name FROM biblio_db.author_list; mysql> SELECT author_name FROM biblio_db.author_list;
@@ -1309,7 +1313,7 @@ is also named My. So which of the two gave its name to @strong{MySQL} is
still a mystery, even for us. still a mystery, even for us.
@node MySQL-Books, Features, History, Introduction @node MySQL-Books, Features, History, Introduction
@section Books about MySQL @section Books About MySQL
While this manual is still the right place for up to date techical While this manual is still the right place for up to date techical
information, its primary goal is to contain everything there is to know information, its primary goal is to contain everything there is to know
@@ -1317,8 +1321,11 @@ about @strong{MySQL}. It is sometimes nice to have a bound book to read
in bed or while you travel. Here is a list of books about @strong{MySQL} (in in bed or while you travel. Here is a list of books about @strong{MySQL} (in
English): English):
@itemize @bullet
@item @emph{MySQL}
@multitable @columnfractions .3 .7 @multitable @columnfractions .3 .7
@item Title @tab @uref{http://shop.barnesandnoble.com/booksearch/isbnInquiry.asp?userid=2I7CR56GYQ&mscssid=7M1HKEME12MW9MFS547RKBSQX1N4FVLD&isbn=0735709211,MySQL} @item Available @tab @uref{http://shop.barnesandnoble.com/booksearch/isbnInquiry.asp?isbn=0735709211, Barnes and Noble}
@item Publisher @tab New Riders @item Publisher @tab New Riders
@item Author @tab Paul DuBois @item Author @tab Paul DuBois
@item Pub Date @tab 1st Edition December 1999 @item Pub Date @tab 1st Edition December 1999
@@ -1328,15 +1335,15 @@ English):
@item Downloadable examples @tab @uref{http://www.mysql.com/Contrib/Examples/samp_db.tar.gz, @code{samp_db.tar.gz}} @item Downloadable examples @tab @uref{http://www.mysql.com/Contrib/Examples/samp_db.tar.gz, @code{samp_db.tar.gz}}
@item Errata @tab @uref{http://www.mysql.com/documentation/pauls-mysql-book-errata.html, are available here} @item Errata @tab @uref{http://www.mysql.com/documentation/pauls-mysql-book-errata.html, are available here}
@end multitable @end multitable
Foreword by Michael ``Monty'' Widenius, @strong{MySQL} Moderator Foreword by Michael ``Monty'' Widenius, @strong{MySQL} Moderator.@*
In @strong{MySQL}, Paul DuBois provides you with a comprehensive guide to In @emph{MySQL}, Paul DuBois provides you with a comprehensive guide to
one of the most popular relational database systems. Paul has one of the most popular relational database systems. Paul has
contributed to the online documentation for @strong{MySQL}, and is an contributed to the online documentation for @strong{MySQL} and is an
active member of the @strong{MySQL} community. The principal @strong{MySQL} active member of the @strong{MySQL} community. The principal @strong{MySQL}
developer, Monty Widenius, and a network of his fellow developers developer, Monty Widenius, and a network of his fellow developers
reviewed the manuscript, providing Paul with the kind of insight reviewed the manuscript, and provided Paul with the kind of insight
no one else could supply. no one else could supply.@*
Instead of merely giving you a general overview of @strong{MySQL}, Paul Instead of merely giving you a general overview of @strong{MySQL}, Paul
teaches you how to make the most of its capabilities. Through two teaches you how to make the most of its capabilities. Through two
@@ -1348,8 +1355,8 @@ database queries. He teaches you to write programs that access
@strong{MySQL} databases, and also provides a comprehensive set of @strong{MySQL} databases, and also provides a comprehensive set of
references to column types, operators, functions, SQL syntax, references to column types, operators, functions, SQL syntax,
@strong{MySQL} programming, C API, Perl @code{DBI}, and PHP API. @strong{MySQL} programming, C API, Perl @code{DBI}, and PHP API.
@strong{MySQL} simply gives you the kind of information you won't find @emph{MySQL} simply gives you the kind of information you won't find
anywhere else. anywhere else.@*
If you use @strong{MySQL}, this book provides you with: If you use @strong{MySQL}, this book provides you with:
@itemize @bullet @itemize @bullet
@@ -1374,9 +1381,11 @@ functions, and SQL statements and utilities
Complete reference guides for @strong{MySQL}'s C API, the Perl @code{DBI} API, Complete reference guides for @strong{MySQL}'s C API, the Perl @code{DBI} API,
and PHP's @strong{MySQL}-related functions and PHP's @strong{MySQL}-related functions
@end itemize @end itemize
@*
@item @emph{MySQL & mSQL}
@multitable @columnfractions .3 .7 @multitable @columnfractions .3 .7
@item Title @tab @uref{http://shop.barnesandnoble.com/booksearch/isbnInquiry.asp?userid=2I7CR56GYQ&mscssid=7M1HKEME12MW9MFS547RKBSQX1N4FVLD&isbn=1565924347,MySQL & mSQL} @item Available @tab @uref{http://shop.barnesandnoble.com/booksearch/isbnInquiry.asp?isbn=1565924347, Barnes and Noble}
@item Publisher @tab O'Reilly @item Publisher @tab O'Reilly
@item Authors @tab Randy Jay Yarger, George Reese & Tim King @item Authors @tab Randy Jay Yarger, George Reese & Tim King
@item Pub Date @tab 1st Edition July 1999 @item Pub Date @tab 1st Edition July 1999
@@ -1385,17 +1394,19 @@ and PHP's @strong{MySQL}-related functions
@item Price @tab $34.95 @item Price @tab $34.95
@end multitable @end multitable
This book teaches you how to use @strong{MySQL} and @code{mSQL}, two This book teaches you how to use @strong{MySQL} and @code{mSQL}, two popular
popular and robust database products that support key subsets of SQL on and robust database products that support key subsets of SQL on both Linux
both Linux and UNIX systems. Anyone who knows basic C, Java, Perl, or and UNIX systems. Anyone who knows basic C, Java, Perl, or Python can
Python can write a program to interact with a database, either as a write a program to interact with a database, either as a stand-alone
stand-alone application or through a Web page. This book takes you application or through a Web page. This book takes you through the
through the whole process, from installation and configuration to whole process, from installation and configuration to programming
programming interfaces and basic administration. Includes ample interfaces and basic administration. Includes ample tutorial
tutorial material. material.
@*
@item @emph{Sams' Teach Yourself MySQL in 21 Days}
@multitable @columnfractions .3 .7 @multitable @columnfractions .3 .7
@item Title @tab @uref{http://shop.barnesandnoble.com/bookSearch/isbnInquiry.asp?isbn=0672319144,Sams Teach Yourself MySQL in 21 Days} @item Available @tab @uref{http://shop.barnesandnoble.com/bookSearch/isbnInquiry.asp?isbn=0672319144, Barnes and Noble}
@item Publisher @tab Sams @item Publisher @tab Sams
@item Authors @tab Mark Maslakowski and Tony Butcher @item Authors @tab Mark Maslakowski and Tony Butcher
@item Pub Date @tab June 2000 @item Pub Date @tab June 2000
@@ -1405,15 +1416,17 @@ tutorial material.
@end multitable @end multitable
Sams Teach Yourself @strong{MySQL} in 21 Days is for intermediate Linux users Sams Teach Yourself @strong{MySQL} in 21 Days is for intermediate Linux users
who want to move into databases. A large share of the audience to be web who want to move into databases. A large share of the audience is Web
developers needing a database to store large amounts of information that can developers who need a database to store large amounts of information that can
be retrieved via the Web. Sams Teach Yourself @strong{MySQL} in 21 Days is a be retrieved via the Web. @emph{Sams' Teach Yourself MySQL in 21 Days} is a
practical, step-by-step tutorial. The reader will learn to design and employ practical, step-by-step tutorial. The reader will learn to design and employ
this open source database technology into his/her web site using practical, this open source database technology into his/her Web site using practical,
hands-on examples to follow. hands-on examples to follow.
@*
@item @emph{E-Commerce Solutions with MySQL}
@multitable @columnfractions .3 .7 @multitable @columnfractions .3 .7
@item Title @tab @uref{http://shop.barnesandnoble.com/bookSearch/isbnInquiry.asp?isbn=0761524452,E-Commerce Solutions with MySQL} @item Available @tab @uref{http://shop.barnesandnoble.com/bookSearch/isbnInquiry.asp?isbn=0761524452, Barnes and Noble}
@item Publisher @tab Prima Communications, Inc. @item Publisher @tab Prima Communications, Inc.
@item Authors @tab N/A @item Authors @tab N/A
@item Pub Date @tab January 2000 @item Pub Date @tab January 2000
@@ -1423,9 +1436,11 @@ hands-on examples to follow.
@end multitable @end multitable
No description available. No description available.
@*
@item @emph{Professional MySQL Programming}
@multitable @columnfractions .3 .7 @multitable @columnfractions .3 .7
@item Title @tab @uref{http://shop.barnesandnoble.com/bookSearch/isbnInquiry.asp?isbn=1861004281,Professional MySQL Programming} @item Available @tab @uref{http://shop.barnesandnoble.com/bookSearch/isbnInquiry.asp?isbn=1861004281, Barnes and Noble}
@item Publisher @tab Wrox Press, Inc. @item Publisher @tab Wrox Press, Inc.
@item Authors @tab N/A @item Authors @tab N/A
@item Pub Date @tab July 2000 @item Pub Date @tab July 2000
@@ -1435,9 +1450,11 @@ No description available.
@end multitable @end multitable
No description available. No description available.
@*
@item @emph{PHP3 and MySQL Web Development}
@multitable @columnfractions .3 .7 @multitable @columnfractions .3 .7
@item Title @tab @uref{http://shop.barnesandnoble.com/bookSearch/isbnInquiry.asp?isbn=0672317842,PHP3 and MySQL Web Development} @item Available @tab @uref{http://shop.barnesandnoble.com/bookSearch/isbnInquiry.asp?isbn=0672317842, Barnes and Noble}
@item Publisher @tab N/A @item Publisher @tab N/A
@item Authors @tab William Jason Gilmore @item Authors @tab William Jason Gilmore
@item Pub Date @tab October 2000 @item Pub Date @tab October 2000
@@ -1447,9 +1464,12 @@ No description available.
@end multitable @end multitable
No description available. No description available.
@*
@end itemize
@node Features, Stability, MySQL-Books, Introduction @node Features, Stability, MySQL-Books, Introduction
@section The main features of MySQL @section The Main Features of MySQL
The following list describes some of the important characteristics The following list describes some of the important characteristics
of @strong{MySQL}: of @strong{MySQL}:
@@ -1469,10 +1489,10 @@ C, C++, Eiffel, Java, Perl, PHP, Python and Tcl APIs. @xref{Clients}.
Works on many different platforms. @xref{Which OS}. Works on many different platforms. @xref{Which OS}.
@item @item
Many column types: signed/unsigned integers 1, 2, 3, 4 and 8 bytes Many column types: signed/unsigned integers 1, 2, 3, 4, and 8 bytes
long, @code{FLOAT}, @code{DOUBLE}, @code{CHAR}, @code{VARCHAR}, long, @code{FLOAT}, @code{DOUBLE}, @code{CHAR}, @code{VARCHAR},
@code{TEXT}, @code{BLOB}, @code{DATE}, @code{TIME}, @code{DATETIME}, @code{TEXT}, @code{BLOB}, @code{DATE}, @code{TIME}, @code{DATETIME},
@code{TIMESTAMP}, @code{YEAR}, @code{SET} and @code{ENUM} types. @xref{Column @code{TIMESTAMP}, @code{YEAR}, @code{SET}, and @code{ENUM} types. @xref{Column
types}. types}.
@item @item
@@ -1487,7 +1507,7 @@ mysql> SELECT CONCAT(first_name, " ", last_name) FROM tbl_name
@end example @end example
@item @item
SQL functions are implemented through a highly-optimized class library and SQL functions are implemented through a highly optimized class library and
should be as fast as they can get! Usually there shouldn't be any memory should be as fast as they can get! Usually there shouldn't be any memory
allocation at all after query initialization. allocation at all after query initialization.
@@ -1502,12 +1522,12 @@ Support for @code{LEFT OUTER JOIN} with ANSI SQL and ODBC syntax.
@item @item
You can mix tables from different databases in the same query (as of You can mix tables from different databases in the same query (as of
version 3.22). Version 3.22).
@item @item
A privilege and password system which is very flexible and secure, and A privilege and password system that is very flexible and secure and
which allows host-based verification. Passwords are secure because all allows host-based verification. Passwords are secure because all
password traffic when connecting to a server is encrypted. password traffic is encrypted when you connect to a server.
@item @item
ODBC (Open-DataBase-Connectivity) support for Win32 (with source). All ODBC (Open-DataBase-Connectivity) support for Win32 (with source). All
@@ -1552,8 +1572,8 @@ No memory leaks. Tested with a commercial memory leakage detector
(@code{purify}). (@code{purify}).
@item @item
Includes @code{myisamchk}, a very fast utility for table checking, optimization Includes @code{myisamchk}, a very fast utility for table checking,
and repair. optimization, and repair.
@xref{Maintenance}. @xref{Maintenance}.
@item @item
@@ -1597,20 +1617,20 @@ languages. @xref{Languages}.
@item @item
Clients may connect to the @strong{MySQL} server using TCP/IP Sockets, Clients may connect to the @strong{MySQL} server using TCP/IP Sockets,
Unix Sockets (Unixes), or Named Pipes (NT). UNIX Sockets (Unixes), or Named Pipes (NT).
@item @item
The @strong{MySQL}-specific @code{SHOW} command can be used to retrieve The @strong{MySQL}-specific @code{SHOW} command can be used to retrieve
information about databases, tables and indexes. The @code{EXPLAIN} command information about databases, tables, and indexes. The @code{EXPLAIN} command
can be used to determine how the optimizer resolves a query. can be used to determine how the optimizer resolves a query.
@end itemize @end itemize
@cindex Stability @cindex Stability
@node Stability, Year 2000 compliance, Features, Introduction @node Stability, Year 2000 compliance, Features, Introduction
@section How stable is MySQL? @section How Stable Is MySQL?
This section addresses the questions ``How stable is This section addresses the questions ``How stable is
@strong{MySQL}?'', and ``Can I depend on @strong{MySQL} in this project?'' @strong{MySQL}?'' and ``Can I depend on @strong{MySQL} in this project?''
We will try to clarify some issues and to answer some of the more We will try to clarify some issues and to answer some of the more
important questions that seem to concern many people. This section has been important questions that seem to concern many people. This section has been
put together from information gathered from the mailing list (which is very put together from information gathered from the mailing list (which is very
@@ -1627,12 +1647,12 @@ each has had many new features).
@c FIX We've been stable for quite a while now. :) (jcole) @c FIX We've been stable for quite a while now. :) (jcole)
Each release of @strong{MySQL} has been usable, and there have been problems Each release of @strong{MySQL} has been usable, and there have been problems
only when users start to use code from the ``gray zones''. Naturally, outside only when users start to use code from the ``gray zones.'' Naturally, outside
users can't know what the gray zones are; this section attempts to indicate users don't know what the gray zones are; this section attempts to indicate
those that are currently known. The descriptions deal with the 3.23.x those that are currently known. The descriptions deal with Version 3.23.x
version of @strong{MySQL}. All known and reported bugs are fixed in the of @strong{MySQL}. All known and reported bugs are fixed in the
latest version, with the exception of the bugs listed in the bugs section, latest version, with the exception of the bugs listed in the bugs section,
which are things that are ``design''-related. @xref{Bugs}. which are things that are design-related. @xref{Bugs}.
@strong{MySQL} is written in multiple layers and different independent @strong{MySQL} is written in multiple layers and different independent
modules. These modules are listed below with an indication of how modules. These modules are listed below with an indication of how
@@ -1640,8 +1660,8 @@ well-tested each of them is:
@table @strong @table @strong
@item The ISAM table handler --- Stable @item The ISAM table handler --- Stable
This manages storage and retrieval of all data in @strong{MySQL} 3.22 This manages storage and retrieval of all data in @strong{MySQL} Version 3.22
and earlier versions. In all @strong{MySQL} releases there hasn't been a and earlier. In all @strong{MySQL} releases there hasn't been a
single (reported) bug in this code. The only known way to get a single (reported) bug in this code. The only known way to get a
corrupted table is to kill the server in the middle of an update. Even corrupted table is to kill the server in the middle of an update. Even
that is unlikely to destroy any data beyond rescue, because all data are that is unlikely to destroy any data beyond rescue, because all data are
@@ -1649,16 +1669,16 @@ flushed to disk between each query. There hasn't been a single bug
report about lost data because of bugs in @strong{MySQL}. report about lost data because of bugs in @strong{MySQL}.
@item The MyISAM table handler --- Gamma @item The MyISAM table handler --- Gamma
This is new in @strong{MySQL} 3.23. It's largely based on the ISAM table code This is new in @strong{MySQL} Version 3.23. It's largely based on the ISAM
but has a lot of new very useful features. table code but has a lot of new and very useful features.
@item The parser and lexical analyser --- Stable @item The parser and lexical analyser --- Stable
There hasn't been a single reported bug in this system for a long time. There hasn't been a single reported bug in this system for a long time.
@item The C client code --- Stable @item The C client code --- Stable
No known problems. In early 3.20 releases, there were some limitations in No known problems. In early Version 3.20 releases, there were some limitations
the send/receive buffer size. As of 3.21.x, the buffer size is now dynamic up in the send/receive buffer size. As of Version 3.21, the buffer size is now
to a default of 24M. dynamic up to a default of 24M.
@item Standard client programs --- Stable @item Standard client programs --- Stable
These include @code{mysql}, @code{mysqladmin}, @code{mysqlshow}, These include @code{mysql}, @code{mysqladmin}, @code{mysqlshow},
@@ -1684,8 +1704,8 @@ systems.
@item Linux threads --- Stable @item Linux threads --- Stable
The major problem found has been with the @code{fcntl()} call, which is The major problem found has been with the @code{fcntl()} call, which is
fixed by using the @w{@code{--skip-locking}} option to fixed by using the @w{@code{--skip-locking}} option to
@code{mysqld}. Some people have reported lockup problems with the 0.5 @code{mysqld}. Some people have reported lockup problems with Version 0.5.
release. LinuxThreads will need to be recompiled if you plan to use LinuxThreads will need to be recompiled if you plan to use
1000+ concurrent connections. Although it is possible to run that many 1000+ concurrent connections. Although it is possible to run that many
connections with the default LinuxThreads (however, you will never go connections with the default LinuxThreads (however, you will never go
above 1021), the default stack spacing of 2 MB makes the application above 1021), the default stack spacing of 2 MB makes the application
@@ -1696,24 +1716,24 @@ unstable, and we have been able to reproduce a coredump after creating
We use this for all our production work. We use this for all our production work.
@item MIT-pthreads (Other systems) --- Stable @item MIT-pthreads (Other systems) --- Stable
There have been no reported bugs since 3.20.15 and no known bugs since There have been no reported bugs since Version 3.20.15 and no known bugs since
3.20.16. On some systems, there is a ``misfeature'' where some operations are Version 3.20.16. On some systems, there is a ``misfeature'' where some
quite slow (a 1/20 second sleep is done between each query). Of course, operations are quite slow (a 1/20 second sleep is done between each query).
MIT-pthreads may slow down everything a bit, but index-based @code{SELECT} Of course, MIT-pthreads may slow down everything a bit, but index-based
statements are usually done in one time frame so there shouldn't be a mutex @code{SELECT} statements are usually done in one time frame so there shouldn't
locking/thread juggling. be a mutex locking/thread juggling.
@item Other thread implementions --- Beta - Gamma @item Other thread implementions --- Beta - Gamma
The ports to other systems are still very new and may have bugs, possibly The ports to other systems are still very new and may have bugs, possibly
in @strong{MySQL}, but most often in the thread implementation itself. in @strong{MySQL}, but most often in the thread implementation itself.
@item @code{LOAD DATA ...}, @code{INSERT ... SELECT} --- Stable @item @code{LOAD DATA ...}, @code{INSERT ... SELECT} --- Stable
Some people have thought they have found bugs here, but these usually have Some people thought they had found bugs here, but these usually have
turned out to be misunderstandings. Please check the manual before reporting turned out to be misunderstandings. Please check the manual before reporting
problems! problems!
@item @code{ALTER TABLE} --- Stable @item @code{ALTER TABLE} --- Stable
Small changes in 3.22.12. Small changes in Version 3.22.12.
@item DBD --- Stable @item DBD --- Stable
Now maintained by Jochen Wiedmann Now maintained by Jochen Wiedmann
@@ -1724,7 +1744,7 @@ Written and maintained by Yves Carlier
@email{Yves.Carlier@@rug.ac.be}. Thanks! @email{Yves.Carlier@@rug.ac.be}. Thanks!
@item @code{GRANT} --- Stable @item @code{GRANT} --- Stable
Big changes made in @strong{MySQL} 3.22.12. Big changes made in @strong{MySQL} Version 3.22.12.
@item @strong{MyODBC} (uses ODBC SDK 2.5) --- Gamma @item @strong{MyODBC} (uses ODBC SDK 2.5) --- Gamma
It seems to work well with some programs. It seems to work well with some programs.
@@ -1732,7 +1752,7 @@ It seems to work well with some programs.
@item Replication -- Alpha @item Replication -- Alpha
We are still working on replication, so don't expect this to be rock We are still working on replication, so don't expect this to be rock
solid yet. On the other hand, some @strong{MySQL} users are already solid yet. On the other hand, some @strong{MySQL} users are already
using this with good results... using this with good results.
@item BDB Tables -- Alpha @item BDB Tables -- Alpha
The Berkeley DB code is very stable, but we are still improving the interface The Berkeley DB code is very stable, but we are still improving the interface
@@ -1741,20 +1761,20 @@ is as tested as the other table types.
@end table @end table
MySQL AB provides email support for paying customers, but the @strong{MySQL} MySQL AB provides e-mail support for paying customers, but the @strong{MySQL}
mailing list usually provides answers to common questions. Bugs are mailing list usually provides answers to common questions. Bugs are
usually fixed right away with a patch; for serious bugs, there is almost usually fixed right away with a patch; for serious bugs, there is almost
always a new release. always a new release.
@cindex Year 2000 compliance @cindex Year 2000 compliance
@node Year 2000 compliance, General-SQL, Stability, Introduction @node Year 2000 compliance, General-SQL, Stability, Introduction
@section Year 2000 compliance @section Year 2000 Compliance
@strong{MySQL} itself has no problems with Year 2000 (Y2K) compliance: @strong{MySQL} itself has no problems with Year 2000 (Y2K) compliance:
@itemize @bullet @itemize @bullet
@item @item
@strong{MySQL} uses Unix time functions and has no problems with dates @strong{MySQL} uses UNIX time functions and has no problems with dates
until @code{2069}; all 2-digit years are regarded to be in the range until @code{2069}; all 2-digit years are regarded to be in the range
@code{1970} to @code{2069}, which means that if you store @code{01} in a @code{1970} to @code{2069}, which means that if you store @code{01} in a
@code{year} column, @strong{MySQL} treats it as @code{2001}. @code{year} column, @strong{MySQL} treats it as @code{2001}.
@@ -1765,7 +1785,7 @@ functions are stored in one file @file{sql/time.cc} and coded very carefully
to be year 2000-safe. to be year 2000-safe.
@item @item
In @strong{MySQL} 3.22 and later versions, the new @code{YEAR} column type In @strong{MySQL} Version 3.22 and later, the new @code{YEAR} column type
can store years @code{0} and @code{1901} to @code{2155} in 1 byte and display can store years @code{0} and @code{1901} to @code{2155} in 1 byte and display
them using 2 or 4 digits. them using 2 or 4 digits.
@end itemize @end itemize
@@ -1781,7 +1801,7 @@ applications may be written by different programmers, each of whom may
use a different set of conventions and date-handling functions. use a different set of conventions and date-handling functions.
Here is a simple demonstration illustrating that @strong{MySQL} doesn't have Here is a simple demonstration illustrating that @strong{MySQL} doesn't have
any problems with dates until the year 2030! any problems with dates until the year 2030:
@example @example
mysql> DROP TABLE IF EXISTS y2k; mysql> DROP TABLE IF EXISTS y2k;
@@ -1821,11 +1841,11 @@ mysql> SELECT * FROM y2k;
13 rows in set (0.00 sec) 13 rows in set (0.00 sec)
@end example @end example
This shows that the @code{DATE} and @code{DATETIME} types are will not This shows that the @code{DATE} and @code{DATETIME} types will not
give any problems with future dates (they handle dates until the year give any problems with future dates (they handle dates until the year
9999). 9999).
The @code{TIMESTAMP} type, that is used to store the current time, has a The @code{TIMESTAMP} type, which is used to store the current time, has a
range up to only @code{2030-01-01}. @code{TIMESTAMP} has a range of range up to only @code{2030-01-01}. @code{TIMESTAMP} has a range of
@code{1970} to @code{2030} on 32-bit machines (signed value). On 64-bit @code{1970} to @code{2030} on 32-bit machines (signed value). On 64-bit
machines it handles times up to @code{2106} (unsigned value). machines it handles times up to @code{2106} (unsigned value).
@@ -1836,39 +1856,40 @@ for dealing with ambiguous date input data (data containing 2-digit year
values). values).
@node General-SQL, Useful Links, Year 2000 compliance, Introduction @node General-SQL, Useful Links, Year 2000 compliance, Introduction
@section General SQL information and tutorials @section General SQL Information and Tutorials
This book has been recommended by a several people on the @strong{MySQL} The following book has been recommended by several people on the @strong{MySQL}
mailing list: mailing list:
@example @example
Judith S. Bowman, Sandra L. Emerson and Marcy Darnovsky Judith S. Bowman, Sandra L. Emerson and Marcy Darnovsky
The Practical SQL Handbook: Using Structured Query Language @emph{The Practical SQL Handbook: Using Structured Query Language}
Second Edition Second Edition
Addison-Wesley Addison-Wesley
ISBN 0-201-62623-3 ISBN 0-201-62623-3
http://www.awl.com http://www.awl.com
@end example @end example
This book has also received some recommendations by @strong{MySQL} users: The following book has also received some recommendations by @strong{MySQL}
users:
@example @example
Martin Gruber Martin Gruber
Understanding SQL @emph{Understanding SQL}
ISBN 0-89588-644-8 ISBN 0-89588-644-8
Publisher Sybex 510 523 8233 Publisher Sybex 510 523 8233
Alameda, CA USA Alameda, CA USA
@end example @end example
A SQL tutorial is available on the net at A SQL tutorial is available on the net at
http://www.geocities.com/SiliconValley/Vista/2207/sql1.html http://www.geocities.com/SiliconValley/Vista/2207/sql1.html.
@c A nice german 404 error. (jcole) @c A nice german 404 error. (jcole)
@c SQL in 21 Tagen (online book in German language): @c SQL in 21 Tagen (online book in German language):
@c http://www.mut.de/leseecke/buecher/sql/inhalt.htm @c http://www.mut.de/leseecke/buecher/sql/inhalt.htm
@node Useful Links, , General-SQL, Introduction @node Useful Links, , General-SQL, Introduction
@section Useful MySQL-related links @section Useful MySQL-related Links
Apart from the following links, you can find and download a lot of Apart from the following links, you can find and download a lot of
@strong{MySQL} programs, tools and APIs from the @strong{MySQL} programs, tools and APIs from the
@@ -1881,72 +1902,81 @@ Apart from the following links, you can find and download a lot of
@c @item @uref{http://www.devshed.com/resource/advanced/mysql/index.html, A @c @item @uref{http://www.devshed.com/resource/advanced/mysql/index.html, A
@c beginner's tutorial of how to start using @strong{MySQL}} @c beginner's tutorial of how to start using @strong{MySQL}}
@item @uref{http://www.analysisandsolutions.com/code/mybasic.htm} @item @uref{http://www.analysisandsolutions.com/code/mybasic.htm}@*
Beginners @strong{MySQL} Tutorial on how to install and set up Beginners @strong{MySQL} Tutorial on how to install and set up
@strong{MySQL} on a Windows machine. @strong{MySQL} on a Windows machine.
@item @uref{http://www.devshed.com/Server_Side/MySQL/, A lot of @strong{MySQL} tutorials} @item @uref{http://www.devshed.com/Server_Side/MySQL/}@*
A lot of @strong{MySQL} tutorials.
@item @uref{http://mysql.hitstar.com/, MySQL manual in Chinese}. @item @uref{http://mysql.hitstar.com/}@*
MySQL manual in Chinese.
@item @uref{http://www.linuxplanet.com/linuxplanet/tutorials/1046/1/, @item @uref{http://www.linuxplanet.com/linuxplanet/tutorials/1046/1/}@*
Setting Up a @strong{MySQL}-Based Website} Setting Up a @strong{MySQL}-based Web site.
@item @uref{http://www.hotwired.com/webmonkey/backend/tutorials/tutorial1.html, @strong{MySQL}-Perl tutorial} @item @uref{http://www.hotwired.com/webmonkey/backend/tutorials/tutorial1.html}@*
@strong{MySQL}-Perl tutorial.
@item @uref{http://www.iserver.com/support/contrib/perl5/modules.html,Installing new Perl modules that require locally installed modules} @item @uref{http://www.iserver.com/support/contrib/perl5/modules.html}@*
Installing new Perl modules that require locally installed modules.
@item @uref{http://www.hotwired.com/webmonkey/databases/tutorials/tutorial4.html, PHP/@strong{MySQL} Tutorial} @item @uref{http://www.hotwired.com/webmonkey/databases/tutorials/tutorial4.html}@*
PHP/@strong{MySQL} Tutorial.
@item @uref{http://www.useractive.com/, Hands on tutorial for @strong{MySQL}} @item @uref{http://www.useractive.com/}@*
Hands on tutorial for @strong{MySQL}.
@end itemize @end itemize
@subheading Porting MySQL / Using MySQL on different systems @subheading Porting MySQL/Using MySQL on Different Systems
@itemize @bullet @itemize @bullet
@item @uref{http://xclave.macnn.com/MySQL/,The Mac OS Xclave}. @item @uref{http://xclave.macnn.com/MySQL/}@*
Running @strong{MySQL} on Mac OS X The Mac OS Xclave. Running @strong{MySQL} on Mac OS X
@item @uref{http://www.prnet.de/RegEx/mysql.html, MySQL for Mac OS X Server} @item @uref{http://www.prnet.de/RegEx/mysql.html}@*
@item @uref{http://www.lilback.com/macsql/, Client libraries for the Macintosh} MySQL for Mac OS X Server.
@item @uref{http://www.lilback.com/macsql/}@*
Client libraries for the Macintosh.
@end itemize @end itemize
@subheading Perl related links @subheading Perl-related Links
@itemize @bullet @itemize @bullet
@item @item @uref{http://dbimysql.photoflux.com/}@*
@c Added 991122 Perl DBI with @strong{MySQL} FAQ.
@c forwards to new url (jcole)
@c @uref{http://haven.e-cactus.com/dbi_mysql, Perl DBI with @strong{MySQL} FAQ}
@uref{http://dbimysql.photoflux.com/, Perl DBI with @strong{MySQL} FAQ}
@end itemize @end itemize
@subheading MySQL discussion forums @subheading MySQL Discussion Forums
@itemize @bullet @itemize @bullet
@item @item @uref{http://www.weberdev.com/}@*
@uref{http://www.weberdev.com/, Examples using @strong{MySQL}; (check Top 20)} Examples using @strong{MySQL}; (check Top 20)
@item @item @uref{http://futurerealm.com/forum/futureforum.htm}@*
@uref{http://futurerealm.com/forum/futureforum.htm, FutureForum Web Discussion Software} FutureForum Web Discussion Software.
@end itemize @end itemize
@c We should get longer descriptions for things in this category! @c FIX We should get longer descriptions for things in this category!
@subheading Commercial applications that support MySQL @subheading Commercial Applications that Support MySQL
@itemize @bullet @itemize @bullet
@item
@uref{http://www.supportwizard.com/, SupportWizard; Interactive helpdesk @item @uref{http://www.supportwizard.com/}@*
on the web (This product includes a licensed copy of @strong{MySQL})} SupportWizard; Interactive helpdesk on the Web (This product includes a
@item licensed copy of @strong{MySQL}.)
@uref{http://www.stweb.org/, StWeb}
StWeb - Stratos Web and Application server - an easy-to-use, cross @item @uref{http://www.stweb.org/}@*
StWeb - Stratos Web and Application server - An easy-to-use, cross
platform, Internet/Intranet development and deployment system for platform, Internet/Intranet development and deployment system for
development of web-enabled applications. The standard version of StWeb development of web-enabled applications. The standard version of StWeb
has a native interface to @strong{MySQL} database. has a native interface to @strong{MySQL} database.
@item
@uref{http://www.rightnowtech.com/, Right Now Web; Web automation for customer service} @item @uref{http://www.rightnowtech.com/}@*
@item Right Now Web; Web automation for customer service.
@uref{http://www.icaap.org/Bazaar/, Bazaar; Interactive Discussion Forums with web interface}
@item @item @uref{http://www.icaap.org/Bazaar/}@*
@uref{http://www.phonesweep.com/, PhoneSweepT} is the world's first Bazaar; Interactive Discussion Forums with Web interface.
commercial Telephone Scanner. Many break-ins in recent years have come
not through the Internet, but through unauthorized dial-up @item @uref{http://www.phonesweep.com/}@*
modems. PhoneSweep lets you find these modems by repeatedly placing PhoneSweepT is the world's first commercial Telephone Scanner. Many break-ins
in recent years have come not through the Internet, but through unauthorized
dial-up modems. PhoneSweep lets you find these modems by repeatedly placing
phone calls to every phone number that your organization phone calls to every phone number that your organization
controls. PhoneSweep has a built-in expert system that can recognize controls. PhoneSweep has a built-in expert system that can recognize
more than 250 different kinds of remote-access programs, including more than 250 different kinds of remote-access programs, including
@@ -1954,67 +1984,75 @@ Carbon Copy(TM), pcANYWHERE(TM), and Windows NT RAS. All information is stored
in the SQL database. It then generates a comprehensive report detailing in the SQL database. It then generates a comprehensive report detailing
which services were discovered on which dial-up numbers in your which services were discovered on which dial-up numbers in your
organization. organization.
@end itemize @end itemize
@subheading SQL Clients/Report writers @subheading SQL Clients and Report Writers
@itemize @bullet @itemize @bullet
@item @item @uref{http://www.urbanresearch.com/software/utils/urbsql/index.html}@*
@uref{http://www.urbanresearch.com/software/utils/urbsql/index.html, @strong{MySQL} Editor/Utility for MS Windows Platforms.
@strong{MySQL} Editor/Utility for MS Windows Platforms.}
@item @item @uref{http://www.xnot.com/kmysql}@*
@uref{http://www.xnot.com/kmysql, KDE @strong{MySQL} client} KDE @strong{MySQL} client.
@item
@c EMAIL: bilhaut_f@mail.cpod.fr (Frédérik Bilhaut) @c EMAIL: bilhaut_f@mail.cpod.fr (Frédérik Bilhaut)
@uref{http://www.penguinpowered.com/~kmysql, KMySQL} @item @uref{http://www.penguinpowered.com/~kmysql}@*
KMySQL is a database client for KDE that primarily supports @strong{MySQL}. KMySQL is a database client for KDE that primarily supports @strong{MySQL}.
@item
@uref{http://www.ecker-software.de, Windows GUI client} @item @uref{http://www.ecker-software.de}@*
A Windows GUI client by David Ecker. A Windows GUI client by David Ecker.
@item
@uref{http://www.icaap.org/software/kiosk/, Kiosk; a @strong{MySQL} client for @item @uref{http://www.icaap.org/software/kiosk/}@*
database management}. Written in Perl. Will be a part of Bazaar. Kiosk; a @strong{MySQL} client for database management. Written in Perl.
@item Will be a part of Bazaar.
@uref{http://home.skif.net/~voland/zeos/eng/index.html, Zeos client}
A client that supports @strong{MySQL}, Interbase and PostgreSQL. @item @uref{http://home.skif.net/~voland/zeos/eng/index.html}@*
@item Zeos - A client that supports @strong{MySQL}, Interbase and PostgreSQL.
@uref{http://www.geocities.com/SiliconValley/Ridge/4280/GenericReportWriter/grwhome.html, A free report writer in Java}
@item @item @uref{http://www.geocities.com/SiliconValley/Ridge/4280/GenericReportWriter/grwhome.html}
@uref{http://www.javaframework.de,MySQLExport} A free report writer in Java
Export of @strong{MySQL} create statements and data in a lot of
@item @uref{http://www.javaframework.de}@*
MySQLExport - Export of @strong{MySQL} create statements and data in a lot of
different formats (SQL, HTML, CVS, text, ZIP, GZIP...) different formats (SQL, HTML, CVS, text, ZIP, GZIP...)
@end itemize @end itemize
@subheading Distributions that include MySQL @subheading Distributions that Include MySQL
@c FIX add the rest (at least a couple more Linuxes) @c FIX add the rest (at least a couple more Linuxes)
@itemize @bullet @itemize @bullet
@item @item @uref{http://www.suse.com/}
@uref{http://www.suse.com/, SuSE Linux (Suse 6.1 and above)} SuSE Linux (Suse 6.1 and above)
@end itemize @end itemize
@subheading Web development tools that support @strong{MySQL} @subheading Web Development Tools that Support @strong{MySQL}
@itemize @bullet @itemize @bullet
@item @item @uref{http://www.php.net/}@*
@uref{http://www.php.net/, PHP: A server-side HTML-embedded scripting PHP: A server-side HTML-embedded scripting language.
language}
@item @item @uref{http://www.midgard-project.org}@*
@uref{http://www.midgard-project.org, The Midgard Application Server; a The Midgard Application Server; a powerful Web development environment
powerful Web development environment based on @strong{MySQL} and PHP} based on @strong{MySQL} and PHP.
@item
@uref{http://www.smartworker.org, SmartWorker is a platform for web application development} @item @uref{http://www.smartworker.org}@*
@item SmartWorker is a platform for Web application development.
@uref{http://xsp.lentus.se/, XSP: e(X)tendible (S)erver (P)ages and is a
HTML embedded tag language written in Java (previously known as XTAGS)} @item @uref{http://xsp.lentus.se/}@*
@item XSP: e(X)tendible (S)erver (P)ages and is a HTML embedded tag language
@uref{http://www.dbServ.de/, dbServ} is an extension to a web server to written in Java (previously known as XTAGS.)
integrate database output into your HTML code. You may use any HTML
function in your output. Only the client will stop you. It works as @item @uref{http://www.dbServ.de/}@*
standalone server or as JAVA servlet. dbServ is an extension to a web server to integrate database output into
@item your HTML code. You may use any HTML function in your output. Only the
@uref{http://www.chilisoft.com/, Platform independent ASP from Chili!Soft} client will stop you. It works as standalone server or as JAVA servlet.
@item @uref{http://www.chilisoft.com/}@*
Platform independent ASP from Chili!Soft
@c @item @c @item
@c no answer from server 990830 @c no answer from server 990830
@c @uref{http://www.voicenet.com/~zellert/tjFM, A JDBC driver for @strong{MySQL}} @c @uref{http://www.voicenet.com/~zellert/tjFM, A JDBC driver for @strong{MySQL}}
@@ -2609,7 +2647,7 @@ The manufacturer and model of the machine you are working on.
@item @item
The operating system name and version. For most operating systems, you can The operating system name and version. For most operating systems, you can
get this information by executing the UNIX command @code{uname -a}. get this information by executing the Unix command @code{uname -a}.
@item @item
Sometimes the amount of memory (real and virtual) is relevant. Sometimes the amount of memory (real and virtual) is relevant.