MDEV-15310 Range optimizer does not work well for "WHERE temporal_column NOT IN (const_list)"

There were two problems related to the bug report:
1. Item_datetime::get_date() was not implemented.
   So execution went through val_int() followed
   by int-to-datetime or int-to-time conversion.
   This was the reason why the optimizer did not
   work well on data with fractional seconds.
2. Item_datetime::set() did not have a TIME specific code
   to mix months and days to hours after unpack_time().
   This is why the optimizer did not work well with negative
   TIME values, as well as huge time values.

Changes:

1. Overriding Item_datetime::get_date(), to return ltime.
   This fixes the problem N1.
2. Cleanup: Moving pack_time() and unpack_time() from
   sql-common/my_time.c and include/my_time.h to
   sql/sql_time.cc and sql/sql_time.h, as they are not needed
   on the client side.
3. Adding a new "enum_mysql_timestamp_type ts_type" parameter
   to unpack_time() and moving the TIME specific code to mix
   months and days with hours inside unpack_time().
   Adding a new "ts_type" parameter to Item_datetime::set(),
   to pass it from the caller down to unpack_time().
   So now the TIME specific code is automatically called
   from Item_datetime::set(). This fixes the problem N2.
   This change also helped to get rid of duplicate TIME specific code
   from other three places, where mixing month/days to hours
   was done immediately after unpack_time().
   Moving the DATE specific code to zero hhmmssff
   from Item_func_min_max::get_date_native to inside unpack_time(),
   for symmetry.
4. Removing the virtual method in_vector::result_type(),
   adding in_vector::type_handler() instead.
   This helps to get result_type(), field_type(),
   mysql_timestamp_type() of an in_vector easier.
   Passing type_handler()->mysql_timestamp_type() as
   a new parameter to Item_datetime::set() inside
   in_temporal::value_to_item().
5. Cleaup: Removing separate implementations of in_datetime::get_value()
   and in_time::get_value(). Adding a single implementation
   in_temporal::get_value() instead.
   Passing type_handler()->field_type() to get_value_internal().

sql/opt_range.cc

@@ -7055,7 +7055,7 @@ SEL_TREE *Item_func_in::get_func_mm_tree(RANGE_OPT_PARAM *param,
 
   if (negated)
   {
-    if (array && array->result_type() != ROW_RESULT)
+    if (array && array->type_handler()->result_type() != ROW_RESULT)
     {
       /*
         We get here for conditions in form "t.key NOT IN (c1, c2, ...)",