Patch for the following bugs:

- BUG#11986: Stored routines and triggers can fail if the code
    has a non-ascii symbol
  - BUG#16291: mysqldump corrupts string-constants with non-ascii-chars
  - BUG#19443: INFORMATION_SCHEMA does not support charsets properly
  - BUG#21249: Character set of SP-var can be ignored
  - BUG#25212: Character set of string constant is ignored (stored routines)
  - BUG#25221: Character set of string constant is ignored (triggers)

There were a few general problems that caused these bugs:
1. Character set information of the original (definition) query for views,
   triggers, stored routines and events was lost.
2. mysqldump output query in client character set, which can be
   inappropriate to encode definition-query.
3. INFORMATION_SCHEMA used strings with mixed encodings to display object
   definition;

1. No query-definition-character set.

In order to compile query into execution code, some extra data (such as
environment variables or the database character set) is used. The problem
here was that this context was not preserved. So, on the next load it can
differ from the original one, thus the result will be different.

The context contains the following data:
  - client character set;
  - connection collation (character set and collation);
  - collation of the owner database;

The fix is to store this context and use it each time we parse (compile)
and execute the object (stored routine, trigger, ...).

2. Wrong mysqldump-output.

The original query can contain several encodings (by means of character set
introducers). The problem here was that we tried to convert original query
to the mysqldump-client character set.

Moreover, we stored queries in different character sets for different
objects (views, for one, used UTF8, triggers used original character set).

The solution is
  - to store definition queries in the original character set;
  - to change SHOW CREATE statement to output definition query in the
    binary character set (i.e. without any conversion);
  - introduce SHOW CREATE TRIGGER statement;
  - to dump special statements to switch the context to the original one
    before dumping and restore it afterwards.

Note, in order to preserve the database collation at the creation time,
additional ALTER DATABASE might be used (to temporary switch the database
collation back to the original value). In this case, ALTER DATABASE
privilege will be required. This is a backward-incompatible change.

3. INFORMATION_SCHEMA showed non-UTF8 strings

The fix is to generate UTF8-query during the parsing, store it in the object
and show it in the INFORMATION_SCHEMA.

Basically, the idea is to create a copy of the original query convert it to
UTF8. Character set introducers are removed and all text literals are
converted to UTF8.

This UTF8 query is intended to provide user-readable output. It must not be
used to recreate the object.  Specialized SHOW CREATE statements should be
used for this.

The reason for this limitation is the following: the original query can
contain symbols from several character sets (by means of character set
introducers).

Example:

  - original query:
    CREATE VIEW v1 AS SELECT _cp1251 'Hello' AS c1;

  - UTF8 query (for INFORMATION_SCHEMA):
    CREATE VIEW v1 AS SELECT 'Hello' AS c1;

mysql-test/r/sql_mode.result

@@ -426,37 +426,37 @@ a\b	a\'b	a"\b	a"\'b
 SET @@SQL_MODE='';
 create function `foo` () returns int return 5;
 show create function `foo`;
-Function	sql_mode	Create Function
+Function	sql_mode	Create Function	character_set_client	collation_connection	Database Collation
 foo		CREATE DEFINER=`root`@`localhost` FUNCTION `foo`() RETURNS int(11)
-return 5
+return 5	latin1	latin1_swedish_ci	latin1_swedish_ci
 SET @@SQL_MODE='ANSI_QUOTES';
 show create function `foo`;
-Function	sql_mode	Create Function
+Function	sql_mode	Create Function	character_set_client	collation_connection	Database Collation
 foo		CREATE DEFINER=`root`@`localhost` FUNCTION `foo`() RETURNS int(11)
-return 5
+return 5	latin1	latin1_swedish_ci	latin1_swedish_ci
 drop function `foo`;
 create function `foo` () returns int return 5;
 show create function `foo`;
-Function	sql_mode	Create Function
+Function	sql_mode	Create Function	character_set_client	collation_connection	Database Collation
 foo	ANSI_QUOTES	CREATE DEFINER="root"@"localhost" FUNCTION "foo"() RETURNS int(11)
-return 5
+return 5	latin1	latin1_swedish_ci	latin1_swedish_ci
 SET @@SQL_MODE='';
 show create function `foo`;
-Function	sql_mode	Create Function
+Function	sql_mode	Create Function	character_set_client	collation_connection	Database Collation
 foo	ANSI_QUOTES	CREATE DEFINER="root"@"localhost" FUNCTION "foo"() RETURNS int(11)
-return 5
+return 5	latin1	latin1_swedish_ci	latin1_swedish_ci
 drop function `foo`;
 SET @@SQL_MODE='';
 create table t1 (a int);
 create table t2 (a int);
 create view v1 as select a from t1;
 show create view v1;
-View	Create View
-v1	CREATE ALGORITHM=UNDEFINED DEFINER=`root`@`localhost` SQL SECURITY DEFINER VIEW `v1` AS select `t1`.`a` AS `a` from `t1`
+View	Create View	character_set_client	collation_connection
+v1	CREATE ALGORITHM=UNDEFINED DEFINER=`root`@`localhost` SQL SECURITY DEFINER VIEW `v1` AS select `t1`.`a` AS `a` from `t1`	latin1	latin1_swedish_ci
 SET @@SQL_MODE='ANSI_QUOTES';
 show create view v1;
-View	Create View
-v1	CREATE ALGORITHM=UNDEFINED DEFINER="root"@"localhost" SQL SECURITY DEFINER VIEW "v1" AS select "t1"."a" AS "a" from "t1"
+View	Create View	character_set_client	collation_connection
+v1	CREATE ALGORITHM=UNDEFINED DEFINER="root"@"localhost" SQL SECURITY DEFINER VIEW "v1" AS select "t1"."a" AS "a" from "t1"	latin1	latin1_swedish_ci
 create view v2 as select a from t2 where a in (select a from v1);
 drop view v2, v1;
 drop table t1, t2;