MDEV-20818 ER_CRASHED_ON_USAGE or Assertion `length <= column->length' failed in write_block_record on temporary table

The patch for `MDEV-20795 CAST(inet6 AS BINARY) returns wrong result`
unintentionally changed what Item_char_typecast::type_handler()
returns. This broke UNIONs with the BINARY() function, as the Aria
engine started to get columns of unexpected data types.

Restoring previous behaviour, to return
  Type_handler::string_type_handler(max_length).

The prototype for Item_handed_func::return_type_handler() has changed
from:
  const Type_handler *return_type_handler() const
to:
  const Type_handler *return_type_handler(const Item_handled_func *) const

mysql-test/main/type_binary.result

@@ -180,3 +180,43 @@ DROP TABLE t1;
 #
 # End of 10.0 tests
 #
+#
+# Start of 10.5 tests
+#
+#
+# MDEV-20818 ER_CRASHED_ON_USAGE or Assertion `length <= column->length' failed in write_block_record on temporary table
+#
+CREATE TABLE t1 (a VARCHAR(39));
+SELECT
+CAST(a AS BINARY(0)),
+CAST(a AS BINARY(1)),
+CAST(a AS BINARY(16)),
+CAST(a AS BINARY(255)),
+CAST(a AS BINARY(256)),
+CAST(a AS BINARY(512)),
+CAST(a AS BINARY(513)),
+CAST(a AS BINARY(65532)),
+CAST(a AS BINARY(65533)),
+CAST(a AS BINARY(65534)),
+CAST(a AS BINARY(65535)),
+CAST(a AS BINARY(65536)),
+CAST(a AS BINARY(16777215)),
+CAST(a AS BINARY(16777216))
+FROM t1;
+Catalog	Database	Table	Table_alias	Column	Column_alias	Type	Length	Max length	Is_null	Flags	Decimals	Charsetnr
+def					CAST(a AS BINARY(0))	253	0	0	Y	128	0	63
+def					CAST(a AS BINARY(1))	253	1	0	Y	128	0	63
+def					CAST(a AS BINARY(16))	253	16	0	Y	128	0	63
+def					CAST(a AS BINARY(255))	253	255	0	Y	128	0	63
+def					CAST(a AS BINARY(256))	253	256	0	Y	128	0	63
+def					CAST(a AS BINARY(512))	253	512	0	Y	128	0	63
+def					CAST(a AS BINARY(513))	253	513	0	Y	128	0	63
+def					CAST(a AS BINARY(65532))	252	65532	0	Y	128	0	63
+def					CAST(a AS BINARY(65533))	252	65533	0	Y	128	0	63
+def					CAST(a AS BINARY(65534))	252	65534	0	Y	128	0	63
+def					CAST(a AS BINARY(65535))	252	65535	0	Y	128	0	63
+def					CAST(a AS BINARY(65536))	250	65536	0	Y	128	0	63
+def					CAST(a AS BINARY(16777215))	250	16777215	0	Y	128	0	63
+def					CAST(a AS BINARY(16777216))	251	16777216	0	Y	128	0	63
+CAST(a AS BINARY(0))	CAST(a AS BINARY(1))	CAST(a AS BINARY(16))	CAST(a AS BINARY(255))	CAST(a AS BINARY(256))	CAST(a AS BINARY(512))	CAST(a AS BINARY(513))	CAST(a AS BINARY(65532))	CAST(a AS BINARY(65533))	CAST(a AS BINARY(65534))	CAST(a AS BINARY(65535))	CAST(a AS BINARY(65536))	CAST(a AS BINARY(16777215))	CAST(a AS BINARY(16777216))
+DROP TABLE t1;

mysql-test/main/type_binary.test

@@ -126,3 +126,31 @@ DROP TABLE t1;
 --echo # End of 10.0 tests
 --echo #
 
+--echo #
+--echo # Start of 10.5 tests
+--echo #
+
+--echo #
+--echo # MDEV-20818 ER_CRASHED_ON_USAGE or Assertion `length <= column->length' failed in write_block_record on temporary table
+--echo #
+
+CREATE TABLE t1 (a VARCHAR(39));
+--enable_metadata
+SELECT
+  CAST(a AS BINARY(0)),
+  CAST(a AS BINARY(1)),
+  CAST(a AS BINARY(16)),
+  CAST(a AS BINARY(255)),
+  CAST(a AS BINARY(256)),
+  CAST(a AS BINARY(512)),
+  CAST(a AS BINARY(513)),
+  CAST(a AS BINARY(65532)),
+  CAST(a AS BINARY(65533)),
+  CAST(a AS BINARY(65534)),
+  CAST(a AS BINARY(65535)),
+  CAST(a AS BINARY(65536)),
+  CAST(a AS BINARY(16777215)),
+  CAST(a AS BINARY(16777216))
+FROM t1;
+--disable_metadata
+DROP TABLE t1;

mysql-test/main/xml.result

@@ -1309,3 +1309,16 @@ DROP TABLE t1;
 #
 # End of 10.2 tests
 #
+#
+# Start of 10.5 tests
+#
+#
+# MDEV-20818 ER_CRASHED_ON_USAGE or Assertion `length <= column->length' failed in write_block_record on temporary table
+#
+SELECT 'foo' AS f UNION SELECT BINARY( UpdateXML('<a></a>', '/a', '<b></b>')) AS f;
+f
+foo
+<b></b>
+#
+# Start of 10.5 tests
+#

mysql-test/main/xml.test

@@ -782,3 +782,17 @@ DROP TABLE t1;
 --echo #
 --echo # End of 10.2 tests
 --echo #
+
+--echo #
+--echo # Start of 10.5 tests
+--echo #
+
+--echo #
+--echo # MDEV-20818 ER_CRASHED_ON_USAGE or Assertion `length <= column->length' failed in write_block_record on temporary table
+--echo #
+
+SELECT 'foo' AS f UNION SELECT BINARY( UpdateXML('<a></a>', '/a', '<b></b>')) AS f;
+
+--echo #
+--echo # Start of 10.5 tests
+--echo #

plugin/type_inet/mysql-test/type_inet/type_inet6.result

@@ -1931,3 +1931,40 @@ INSERT INTO t1 (a) VALUES ('::');
 ALTER TABLE t1 MODIFY a DATE;
 ERROR 22007: Incorrect date value: '::' for column `test`.`t1`.`a` at row 1
 DROP TABLE t1;
+#
+# MDEV-20818 ER_CRASHED_ON_USAGE or Assertion `length <= column->length' failed in write_block_record on temporary table
+#
+CREATE TABLE t1 (a INET6);
+SELECT
+CAST(a AS BINARY(0)),
+CAST(a AS BINARY(1)),
+CAST(a AS BINARY(16)),
+CAST(a AS BINARY(255)),
+CAST(a AS BINARY(256)),
+CAST(a AS BINARY(512)),
+CAST(a AS BINARY(513)),
+CAST(a AS BINARY(65532)),
+CAST(a AS BINARY(65533)),
+CAST(a AS BINARY(65534)),
+CAST(a AS BINARY(65535)),
+CAST(a AS BINARY(65536)),
+CAST(a AS BINARY(16777215)),
+CAST(a AS BINARY(16777216))
+FROM t1;
+Catalog	Database	Table	Table_alias	Column	Column_alias	Type	Length	Max length	Is_null	Flags	Decimals	Charsetnr
+def					CAST(a AS BINARY(0))	254	0	0	Y	128	0	63
+def					CAST(a AS BINARY(1))	254	1	0	Y	128	0	63
+def					CAST(a AS BINARY(16))	254	16	0	Y	128	0	63
+def					CAST(a AS BINARY(255))	254	255	0	Y	128	0	63
+def					CAST(a AS BINARY(256))	253	256	0	Y	128	0	63
+def					CAST(a AS BINARY(512))	253	512	0	Y	128	0	63
+def					CAST(a AS BINARY(513))	253	513	0	Y	128	0	63
+def					CAST(a AS BINARY(65532))	253	65532	0	Y	128	0	63
+def					CAST(a AS BINARY(65533))	252	65533	0	Y	128	0	63
+def					CAST(a AS BINARY(65534))	252	65534	0	Y	128	0	63
+def					CAST(a AS BINARY(65535))	252	65535	0	Y	128	0	63
+def					CAST(a AS BINARY(65536))	250	65536	0	Y	128	0	63
+def					CAST(a AS BINARY(16777215))	250	16777215	0	Y	128	0	63
+def					CAST(a AS BINARY(16777216))	251	16777216	0	Y	128	0	63
+CAST(a AS BINARY(0))	CAST(a AS BINARY(1))	CAST(a AS BINARY(16))	CAST(a AS BINARY(255))	CAST(a AS BINARY(256))	CAST(a AS BINARY(512))	CAST(a AS BINARY(513))	CAST(a AS BINARY(65532))	CAST(a AS BINARY(65533))	CAST(a AS BINARY(65534))	CAST(a AS BINARY(65535))	CAST(a AS BINARY(65536))	CAST(a AS BINARY(16777215))	CAST(a AS BINARY(16777216))
+DROP TABLE t1;

plugin/type_inet/mysql-test/type_inet/type_inet6.test

@@ -1411,3 +1411,28 @@ INSERT INTO t1 (a) VALUES ('::');
 --error ER_TRUNCATED_WRONG_VALUE
 ALTER TABLE t1 MODIFY a DATE;
 DROP TABLE t1;
+
+--echo #
+--echo # MDEV-20818 ER_CRASHED_ON_USAGE or Assertion `length <= column->length' failed in write_block_record on temporary table
+--echo #
+
+CREATE TABLE t1 (a INET6);
+--enable_metadata
+SELECT
+  CAST(a AS BINARY(0)),
+  CAST(a AS BINARY(1)),
+  CAST(a AS BINARY(16)),
+  CAST(a AS BINARY(255)),
+  CAST(a AS BINARY(256)),
+  CAST(a AS BINARY(512)),
+  CAST(a AS BINARY(513)),
+  CAST(a AS BINARY(65532)),
+  CAST(a AS BINARY(65533)),
+  CAST(a AS BINARY(65534)),
+  CAST(a AS BINARY(65535)),
+  CAST(a AS BINARY(65536)),
+  CAST(a AS BINARY(16777215)),
+  CAST(a AS BINARY(16777216))
+FROM t1;
+--disable_metadata
+DROP TABLE t1;

plugin/type_inet/sql_type_inet.cc

@@ -1226,13 +1226,8 @@ class Item_char_typecast_func_handler_inet6_to_binary:
                                        public Item_handled_func::Handler_str
 {
 public:
-  const Type_handler *return_type_handler() const override
+  const Type_handler *return_type_handler(const Item_handled_func *item)
-  {
+                                          const override
-    return &type_handler_string;
-  }
-  const Type_handler *
-      type_handler_for_create_select(const Item_handled_func *item)
-                                     const override
   {
     if (item->max_length > MAX_FIELD_VARCHARLENGTH)
       return Type_handler::blob_type_handler(item->max_length);

sql/item_func.h

@@ -466,11 +466,12 @@ public:
     virtual longlong val_int(Item_handled_func *) const= 0;
     virtual my_decimal *val_decimal(Item_handled_func *, my_decimal *) const= 0;
     virtual bool get_date(THD *thd, Item_handled_func *, MYSQL_TIME *, date_mode_t fuzzydate) const= 0;
-    virtual const Type_handler *return_type_handler() const= 0;
+    virtual const Type_handler *
+      return_type_handler(const Item_handled_func *item) const= 0;
     virtual const Type_handler *
       type_handler_for_create_select(const Item_handled_func *item) const
     {
-      return return_type_handler();
+      return return_type_handler(item);
     }
     virtual bool fix_length_and_dec(Item_handled_func *) const= 0;
   };
@@ -529,14 +530,14 @@ public:
   class Handler_temporal_string: public Handler_temporal
   {
   public:
-    const Type_handler *return_type_handler() const
+    const Type_handler *return_type_handler(const Item_handled_func *) const
     {
       return &type_handler_string;
     }
     const Type_handler *
       type_handler_for_create_select(const Item_handled_func *item) const
     {
-      return return_type_handler()->type_handler_for_tmp_table(item);
+      return return_type_handler(item)->type_handler_for_tmp_table(item);
     }
     double val_real(Item_handled_func *item) const
     {
@@ -560,7 +561,7 @@ public:
   class Handler_date: public Handler_temporal
   {
   public:
-    const Type_handler *return_type_handler() const
+    const Type_handler *return_type_handler(const Item_handled_func *) const
     {
       return &type_handler_newdate;
     }
@@ -591,7 +592,7 @@ public:
   class Handler_time: public Handler_temporal
   {
   public:
-    const Type_handler *return_type_handler() const
+    const Type_handler *return_type_handler(const Item_handled_func *) const
     {
       return &type_handler_time2;
     }
@@ -617,7 +618,7 @@ public:
   class Handler_datetime: public Handler_temporal
   {
   public:
-    const Type_handler *return_type_handler() const
+    const Type_handler *return_type_handler(const Item_handled_func *) const
     {
       return &type_handler_datetime2;
     }
@@ -653,7 +654,7 @@ public:
   }
   const Type_handler *type_handler() const
   {
-    return m_func_handler->return_type_handler();
+    return m_func_handler->return_type_handler(this);
   }
   Field *create_field_for_create_select(MEM_ROOT *root, TABLE *table)
   {

sql/item_timefunc.cc

@@ -2420,14 +2420,14 @@ String *Item_char_typecast::val_str_binary_from_native(String *str)
 class Item_char_typecast_func_handler: public Item_handled_func::Handler_str
 {
 public:
-  const Type_handler *return_type_handler() const
+  const Type_handler *return_type_handler(const Item_handled_func *item) const
   {
-    return &type_handler_varchar;
+    return Type_handler::string_type_handler(item->max_length);
   }
   const Type_handler *
     type_handler_for_create_select(const Item_handled_func *item) const
   {
-    return return_type_handler()->type_handler_for_tmp_table(item);
+    return return_type_handler(item)->type_handler_for_tmp_table(item);
   }
 
   bool fix_length_and_dec(Item_handled_func *item) const