MDEV-24758 heap-use-after-poison in innobase_add_instant_try/rec_copy

This is a backport of
commit fd9ca2a742 (MDEV-23295) and
commit 9a156e1a23 (MDEV-23345) to 10.3.

An instant ADD/DROP/reorder column could create a dummy table
object with the wrong ROW_FORMAT when innodb_default_row_format
was changed between CREATE TABLE and ALTER TABLE.

prepare_inplace_alter_table_dict(): If we had promised that
ALGORITHM=INPLACE is supported, we must preserve the ROW_FORMAT.

The rest of the changes are related to adding
Alter_inplace_info::inplace_supported to cache the return value of
handler::check_if_supported_inplace_alter().

sql/handler.h

@@ -2347,6 +2347,9 @@ public:
   /** true for online operation (LOCK=NONE) */
   bool online;
 
+  /** which ALGORITHM and LOCK are supported by the storage engine */
+  enum_alter_inplace_result inplace_supported;
+
   /**
      Can be set by handler to describe why a given operation cannot be done
      in-place (HA_ALTER_INPLACE_NOT_SUPPORTED) or why it cannot be done