MDEV-22779: Crash: Prepared Statement with a '?' parameter inside a re-used CTE

When a prepared statement parameter '?' is used in a CTE that is used
multiple times, the following happens:
- The CTE definition is re-parsed multiple times.
- There are multiple Item_param objects referring to the same "?" in
the original query.
- Prepared_statement::param has a pointer to the first of them, the
  others are "clones".
- When prepared statement parameter gets the value, it should be passed
  over to clones with param->sync_clones() call.

This call is made in insert_params(), etc. It was not made in
insert_params_with_log().

This would cause Item_param to not have any value which would confuse
the query optimizer.

Added the missing call.

sql/sql_prepare.cc

@@ -903,6 +903,8 @@ static bool insert_params_with_log(Prepared_statement *stmt, uchar *null_array,
 
     if (param->convert_str_value(thd))
       DBUG_RETURN(1);                           /* out of memory */
+
+    param->sync_clones();
   }
   if (acc.finalize())
     DBUG_RETURN(1);