MDEV-30248 Infinite sequence of recursive calls when processing embedded CTE

This patch fixes the patch for bug MDEV-30248 that unsatisfactorily
resolved the problem of resolution of references to CTE. In some cases
when such a reference has the same table name as the name of one of
CTEs containing this reference the reference could be resolved incorrectly
that led to an invalid select tree where units could be mutually dependent.
This in its turn could lead to an infinite sequence of recursive calls or
to falls into infinite loops.

The patch also removes LEX::resolve_references_to_cte_in_hanging_cte() as
with the new code for resolution of CTE references the call of this
function is not needed anymore.

Approved by Oleksandr Byelkin <sanja@mariadb.com>

sql/sql_lex.h

@@ -4051,7 +4051,6 @@ public:
   }
 
   bool check_dependencies_in_with_clauses();
-  bool resolve_references_to_cte_in_hanging_cte();
   bool check_cte_dependencies_and_resolve_references();
   bool resolve_references_to_cte(TABLE_LIST *tables,
                                  TABLE_LIST **tables_last);