Resolve Windows path problems (#8860)

Moved up os.makedirs for ./core/ directory.
Strange problem creating files with file paths with spaces.
Strange that "create file" would work when the path did not contain spaces and the last folder of the path hadn't been created.

Added try/except on main to commit print buffer on traceback for context.

Additional issues with diacritics and locale character encoding for shell vs source code.
build.opt is written with the same encoding as the shell; however, the data read from the Sketch.ino.global.h is UTF-8.

Tested on Windows 10 (en-US) with Arduino IDE 2.0.3 Under an
account with a diacritic character in the user ID path.

Needs testing on Japanese Windows

tools/sizes.py

@@ -21,9 +21,20 @@ import argparse
 import os
 import subprocess
 import sys
+import locale
 
 sys.stdout = sys.stderr
 
+
+# retrieve *system* encoding, not the one used by python internally
+if sys.version_info >= (3, 11):
+    def get_encoding():
+        return locale.getencoding()
+else:
+    def get_encoding():
+        return locale.getdefaultlocale()[1]
+
+
 def get_segment_sizes(elf, path, mmu):
     iram_size = 0
     iheap_size = 0
@@ -73,7 +84,7 @@ def get_segment_sizes(elf, path, mmu):
     )
 
     cmd = [os.path.join(path, "xtensa-lx106-elf-size"), "-A", elf]
-    with subprocess.Popen(cmd, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, universal_newlines=True) as proc:
+    with subprocess.Popen(cmd, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, universal_newlines=True, encoding=get_encoding()) as proc:
         lines = proc.stdout.readlines()
         for line in lines:
             words = line.split()